• Java测试框架介绍

java有很多测试类框架, 开发中有很多比方Mokito, powermock, wiremock, cucumber ,然而powermock测试,sonar不认其覆盖率.

Mockito
What is mock
Mocking is primarily used in unit testing. An object under test may have dependencies on other (complex) objects. To isolate the behavior of the object you want to replace the other objects by mocks that simulate the behavior of the real objects. This is useful if the real objects are impractical to incorporate into the unit test.

From https://stackoverflow.com/que...

以下所有的例子以下图为根据， 写UserImp的UT UserImplTest

Import mockito
//build.gradlew
repositories { jcenter() }
dependencies {

testCompile "org.mockito:mockito-core:2.+" // https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.powermock/powermock-module-junit4testCompile group: 'org.powermock', name: 'powermock-module-junit4', version: '2.0.2'}

// 遇到以下谬误须要导入

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Could not initialize plugin: interface org.mockito.plugins.MockMaker (alternate: null)

at org.mockito.internal.configuration.plugins.PluginLoader$1.invoke(PluginLoader.java:74)at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy8.isTypeMockable(Unknown Source)at org.mockito.internal.util.MockUtil.typeMockabilityOf(MockUtil.java:29)at org.mockito.internal.util.MockCreationValidator.validateType(MockCreationValidator.java:22)at org.mockito.internal.creation.MockSettingsImpl.validatedSettings(MockSettingsImpl.java:240)at org.mockito.internal.creation.MockSettingsImpl.build(MockSettingsImpl.java:228)at org.mockito.internal.MockitoCore.mock(MockitoCore.java:61)at org.mockito.Mockito.mock(Mockito.java:1908)

Mock and injectMock
@Mock 用来mock 独立没有依赖的类
@InjectMock 用于去mock有依赖的类
For dependent classes, we used mocks.
From https://howtodoinjava.com/moc...

import com.kaifei.model.User;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class UserImplTest {

@MockUserHandler userHandler;@InjectMocksUserImpl userImpl;@Beforepublic void before(){    //Initializes objects annotated with Mockito annotations for given testClass: @Mock, @Spy, @Captor, @InjectMocks    //See examples in javadoc for MockitoAnnotations class.    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);}@Testpublic void testGetAllUser(){    //given    User james = new User("james", 23);    ArrayList<User> objects = new ArrayList<>();    objects.add(james);    Mockito.when(userHandler.getAll()).thenReturn(objects);    //when    List<User> actUsers = userImpl.getaAllUsers();    //then    Assert.assertEquals("get all done!", objects, actUsers);}

}
mock办法的返回值
Mockito.when(sharingDataHandler.createSharingData()).thenReturn(sharingUuid);
Mock办法被执行了一次
用来测void办法

@Testpublic void testCreateUser200(){    //given    User james = new User("james", 23);    //when    userImpl.creatUser(james);    //then verify the UserHandler::createUser was executed only once    Mockito.verify(userHandler, Mockito.times(1)).createUser(james);}

Mock throw exception
@Test(expected = NullPointerException.class)

public void testCreatUser(){    //given    User james = new User("james", 23);        //when    userImpl.creatUser(james);        //then    //catch NullPointerException exception}

RabbitMQ clear Message
@Autowired
private MessageCollector messageCollector;
@After("@CleanAllMessages")
public final void cleanAllMessages()
{
try
{
mockMvc.perform(
delete("/messages/").contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE).content("[]"));
messageCollector.forChannel(messageSource.statusmessageChannel()).clear();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
throw new CucumberException("Stopped at "user invokes root cleanAllMessages:"", e);
}
}
Cucumber
cucum是BDD测试框架的一个工具, 可能测试组件与组件之间的API调用, service里API的测试

https://cloud.tencent.com/dev...

WireMock
Mock your APIs for fast, robust and comprehensive testing
WireMock is a simulator for HTTP-based APIs. Some might consider it a service virtualization tool or a mock server.

It enables you to stay productive when an API you depend on doesn't exist or isn't complete. It supports testing of edge cases and failure modes that the real API won't reliably produce. And because it's fast it can reduce your build time from hours down to minutes.
wireMock site
http://wiremock.org/

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