CentOS 6/7敞开防火墙和SELinux
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CentOS 7之后默认应用的是firewall作为防火墙,如果切换到iptables首先应该关掉默认的firewalld,而后装置iptables服务。
一、CentOS7中敞开防火墙firewalld
1、长期敞开(下次开机启动,主动启动防火墙)
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
2、查看防火墙状态
#查看默认防火墙状态(敞开后显示notrunning,开启后显示running)[root@localhost ~ ]# firewall-cmd --staterunning绿的Active: active (running)示意防火墙开启[root@localhost test]# systemctl status firewalld● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled) Active: active (running) since 三 2020-09-23 17:36:45 CST; 5h 36min ago Docs: man:firewalld(1) Main PID: 875 (firewalld) Tasks: 2 CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service └─875 /usr/bin/python2 -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid9月 23 17:36:43 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynami...9月 23 17:36:45 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic...Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
3、永恒敞开防火墙(开机启动时不在启动)
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
4、永恒开启防火墙
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable firewalld.service
二、CentOS6中敞开防火墙Iptables
1、永久性失效,重启后不会还原
开启:
chkconfig iptables on
敞开:
chkconfig iptables off
2、长期敞开
service iptables stop #进行iptables
3、长期开启
service iptables start
三、敞开SElinux
1、查看selinux状态
#permissive模式是长期敞开,enforcing模式是长期关上,disabled模式是永恒敞开 [root@localhost ~]# getenforce Enforcing 示意启动#如果SELinux status参数为enabled即为开启状态[root@localhost test]# /usr/sbin/sestatus -vSELinux status: enabled
2、长期敞开
长期关上SELinux setenforce 1
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce usage: setenforce [ Enforcing | Permissive | 1 | 0 ] 1示意启动,0示意敞开[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0 长期敞开[root@localhost ~]# getenforce 查看状态Permissive 敞开状态
3、永恒敞开(批改配置文件,即可永恒敞开)
永恒敞开SELinux:设置为disabled
永恒关上SELinux:设置为enabled
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.SELINUX=enforcing 批改为"SELINUX=disabled"# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values:# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,# minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.# mls - Multi Level Security protection.SELINUXTYPE=targeted
四、查看防火墙状态及开启敞开命令 存在以下两种形式
一、service形式查看防火墙状态:service iptables statusiptables:未运行防火墙。开启防火墙: service iptables start敞开防火墙: service iptables stop二、iptables形式先进入init.d目录,命令如下:[root@centos6 ~]# cd /etc/init.d/[root@centos6 init.d]#而后查看防火墙状态:[root@centos6 init.d]# /etc/init.d/iptables status临时敞开防火墙:[root@centos6 init.d]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop重启iptables:[root@centos6 init.d]# /etc/init.d/iptables restart