1. 前言

明天开始搭建咱们的kono Spring Boot脚手架,首先会集成Spring MVC并进行定制化以满足日常开发的须要,咱们先做一些刚性的需要定制,后续再补充细节。如果你看了本文有什么问题能够留言探讨。多多继续关注,独特学习,共同进步。

Gitee: https://gitee.com/felord/kono

GitHub: https://github.com/NotFound40...

2. 对立返回体

在开发中对立返回数据十分重要。不便前端对立解决。通常设计为以下构造:

{    "code": 200,    "data": {        "name": "felord.cn",        "age": 18    },    "msg": "",    "identifier": ""}
  • code 业务状态码,设计时应该区别于http状态码。
  • data 数据载体,用以装载返回给前端展示的数据。
  • msg 提示信息,用于前端调用后返回的提示信息,例如 “新增胜利”、“删除失败”。
  • identifier 预留的标识位,作为一些业务的解决标识。

依据下面的一些定义,申明了一个对立返回体对象RestBody<T>并申明了一些静态方法来不便定义。

package cn.felord.kono.advice;import lombok.Data;import java.io.Serializable;/** * @author felord.cn * @since 22:32  2019-04-02 */@Datapublic class RestBody<T> implements Rest<T>, Serializable {    private static final long serialVersionUID = -7616216747521482608L;    private int code = 200;    private T data;    private String msg = "";    private String identifier = "";     public static Rest<?> ok() {        return new RestBody<>();    }    public static Rest<?> ok(String msg) {        Rest<?> restBody = new RestBody<>();        restBody.setMsg(msg);        return restBody;    }    public static <T> Rest<T> okData(T data) {        Rest<T> restBody = new RestBody<>();        restBody.setData(data);        return restBody;    }    public static <T> Rest<T> okData(T data, String msg) {        Rest<T> restBody = new RestBody<>();        restBody.setData(data);        restBody.setMsg(msg);        return restBody;    }    public static <T> Rest<T> build(int code, T data, String msg, String identifier) {        Rest<T> restBody = new RestBody<>();        restBody.setCode(code);        restBody.setData(data);        restBody.setMsg(msg);        restBody.setIdentifier(identifier);        return restBody;    }    public static Rest<?> failure(String msg, String identifier) {        Rest<?> restBody = new RestBody<>();        restBody.setMsg(msg);        restBody.setIdentifier(identifier);        return restBody;    }    public static Rest<?> failure(int httpStatus, String msg ) {        Rest<?> restBody = new RestBody< >();        restBody.setCode(httpStatus);        restBody.setMsg(msg);        restBody.setIdentifier("-9999");        return restBody;    }    public static <T> Rest<T> failureData(T data, String msg, String identifier) {        Rest<T> restBody = new RestBody<>();        restBody.setIdentifier(identifier);        restBody.setData(data);        restBody.setMsg(msg);        return restBody;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "{" +                "code:" + code +                ", data:" + data +                ", msg:" + msg +                ", identifier:" + identifier +                '}';    }}

然而每次都要显式申明返回体也不是很优雅的方法,所以咱们心愿无感知的来实现这个性能。Spring Framework正好提供此性能,咱们借助于@RestControllerAdviceResponseBodyAdvice<T>来对我的项目的每一个@RestController标记的管制类的响应体进行后置切面告诉解决。

/** * 对立返回体包装器 * * @author felord.cn * @since 14:58 **/@RestControllerAdvicepublic class RestBodyAdvice implements ResponseBodyAdvice<Object> {    @Override    public boolean supports(MethodParameter methodParameter, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> aClass) {        return true;    }    @Override    public Object beforeBodyWrite(Object o, MethodParameter methodParameter, MediaType mediaType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> aClass, ServerHttpRequest serverHttpRequest, ServerHttpResponse serverHttpResponse) {        // 如果为空 返回一个不带数据的空返回体               if (o == null) {            return RestBody.ok();        }        // 如果 RestBody 的 父类 是 返回值的父类型 间接返回         // 不便咱们能够在接口办法中间接返回RestBody        if (Rest.class.isAssignableFrom(o.getClass())) {            return o;        }        // 进行对立的返回体封装        return RestBody.okData(o);    }}

当咱们接口返回一个实体类时会主动封装到对立返回体RestBody<T>中。

既然有ResponseBodyAdvice,就有一个RequestBodyAdvice,它仿佛是来进行前置解决的,当前可能有一些用处。

2. 对立异样解决

对立异样也是@RestControllerAdvice能实现的,可参考之前的Hibernate Validator校验参数全攻略。这里初步集成了校验异样的解决,后续会增加其余异样。

/** * 对立异样解决 * * @author felord.cn * @since 13 :31  2019-04-11 */@Slf4j@RestControllerAdvicepublic class ApiExceptionHandleAdvice {    @ExceptionHandler(BindException.class)    public Rest<?> handle(HttpServletRequest request, BindException e) {        logger(request, e);        List<ObjectError> allErrors = e.getAllErrors();        ObjectError objectError = allErrors.get(0);        return RestBody.failure(700, objectError.getDefaultMessage());    }    @ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)    public Rest<?> handle(HttpServletRequest request, MethodArgumentNotValidException e) {        logger(request, e);        List<ObjectError> allErrors = e.getBindingResult().getAllErrors();        ObjectError objectError = allErrors.get(0);        return RestBody.failure(700, objectError.getDefaultMessage());    }    @ExceptionHandler(ConstraintViolationException.class)    public Rest<?> handle(HttpServletRequest request, ConstraintViolationException e) {        logger(request, e);        Optional<ConstraintViolation<?>> first = e.getConstraintViolations().stream().findFirst();        String message = first.isPresent() ? first.get().getMessage() : "";        return RestBody.failure(700, message);    }    @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)    public Rest<?> handle(HttpServletRequest request, Exception e) {        logger(request, e);        return RestBody.failure(700, e.getMessage());    }    private void logger(HttpServletRequest request, Exception e) {        String contentType = request.getHeader("Content-Type");        log.error("对立异样解决 uri: {} content-type: {} exception: {}", request.getRequestURI(), contentType, e.toString());    }}

3. 简化类型转换

简化Java Bean之间转换也是一个必要的性能。 这里抉择mapStruct,类型平安而且容易应用,比那些BeanUtil要好用的多。然而从我应用的教训上来看,不要应用mapStruct提供的简单性能只做简略映射。具体可参考文章Spring Boot 2 实战:集成 MapStruct 类型转换。

集成进来非常简单,因为它只在编译期失效所以援用时的scope最好设置为compile,咱们在kono-dependencies中退出其依赖治理:

<dependency>    <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>    <artifactId>mapstruct</artifactId>    <version>${mapstruct.version}</version>    <scope>compile</scope></dependency><dependency>    <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>    <artifactId>mapstruct-processor</artifactId>    <version>${mapstruct.version}</version>    <scope>compile</scope></dependency>

kono-app中间接援用下面两个依赖,然而这样还不行,和lombok一起应用编译容易呈现SPI谬误。咱们还须要集成相干的Maven插件到kono-app编译的生命周期中去。参考如下:

<plugin>    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>    <version>3.8.1</version>    <configuration>        <source>1.8</source>        <target>1.8</target>        <showWarnings>true</showWarnings>        <annotationProcessorPaths>            <path>                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>                <version>${lombok.version}</version>            </path>            <path>                <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>                <artifactId>mapstruct-processor</artifactId>                <version>${mapstruct.version}</version>            </path>        </annotationProcessorPaths>    </configuration></plugin>

而后咱们就很容易将一个Java Bean转化为另一个Java Bean。上面这段代码将UserInfo转换为UserInfoVO而且主动为UserInfoVO.addTime赋值为以后工夫,同时这个工具也主动注入了Spring IoC,而这所有都产生在编译期。

编译前:

/** * @author felord.cn * @since 16:09 **/@Mapper(componentModel = "spring", imports = {LocalDateTime.class})public interface BeanMapping {    @Mapping(target = "addTime", expression = "java(LocalDateTime.now())")    UserInfoVO toUserInfoVo(UserInfo userInfo);}

编译后:

package cn.felord.kono.beanmapping;import cn.felord.kono.entity.UserInfo;import cn.felord.kono.entity.UserInfoVO;import java.time.LocalDateTime;import javax.annotation.Generated;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Generated(    value = "org.mapstruct.ap.MappingProcessor",    date = "2020-07-30T23:11:24+0800",    comments = "version: 1.3.0.Final, compiler: javac, environment: Java 1.8.0_252 (AdoptOpenJDK)")@Componentpublic class BeanMappingImpl implements BeanMapping {    @Override    public UserInfoVO toUserInfoVo(UserInfo userInfo) {        if ( userInfo == null ) {            return null;        }        UserInfoVO userInfoVO = new UserInfoVO();        userInfoVO.setName( userInfo.getName() );        userInfoVO.setAge( userInfo.getAge() );        userInfoVO.setAddTime( LocalDateTime.now() );        return userInfoVO;    }}

其实mapStruct也就是帮咱们写了GetterSetter,然而不要应用其比较复杂的转换,会减少学习老本和可保护的难度。

4. 单元测试

将以上性能集成进去后别离做一个单元测试,全副通过。

    @Autowired    MockMvc mockMvc;    @Autowired    BeanMapping beanMapping;    /**     * 测试全局异样解决.     *     * @throws Exception the exception     * @see UserController#getUserInfo()     */    @Test    void testGlobalExceptionHandler() throws Exception {        String rtnJsonStr = "{\n" +                "    \"code\": 700,\n" +                "    \"data\": null,\n" +                "    \"msg\": \"test global exception handler\",\n" +                "    \"identifier\": \"-9999\"\n" +                "}";        mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/user/get"))                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.content()                        .json(rtnJsonStr))                .andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print());    }    /**     * 测试对立返回体.     *     * @throws Exception the exception     * @see UserController#getUserVO()     */    @Test    void testUnifiedReturnStruct() throws Exception {//        "{\"code\":200,\"data\":{\"name\":\"felord.cn\",\"age\":18,\"addTime\":\"2020-07-30T13:08:53.201\"},\"msg\":\"\",\"identifier\":\"\"}";        mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/user/vo"))                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath("code", Is.is(200)))                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath("data.name", Is.is("felord.cn")))                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath("data.age", Is.is(18)))                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath("data.addTime", Is.is(notNullValue())))                .andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print());    }    /**     * 测试 mapStruct类型转换.     *     * @see BeanMapping     */    @Test    void testMapStruct() {        UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo();        userInfo.setName("felord.cn");        userInfo.setAge(18);        UserInfoVO userInfoVO = beanMapping.toUserInfoVo(userInfo);        Assertions.assertEquals(userInfoVO.getName(), userInfo.getName());        Assertions.assertNotNull(userInfoVO.getAddTime());    }

5. 总结

自制脚手架初步具备了对立返回体对立异样解决疾速类型转换,其实参数校验也曾经反对了。后续就该整合数据库了,罕用的数据库拜访技术次要为MybatisSpring Data JPAJOOQ等,不晓得你更喜爱哪一款?欢送留言探讨。

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