不应用Spring
引入Maven依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId> <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-core</artifactId> <version>${sharding-sphere.version}</version></dependency>基于Java编码的规定配置
Sharding-JDBC的分库分表通过规定配置形容，以下例子是依据user_id取模分库, 且依据order_id取模分表的两库两表的配置。
// 配置实在数据源 Map<String, DataSource> dataSourceMap = new HashMap<>(); // 配置第一个数据源 BasicDataSource dataSource1 = new BasicDataSource(); dataSource1.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); dataSource1.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds0"); dataSource1.setUsername("root"); dataSource1.setPassword(""); dataSourceMap.put("ds0", dataSource1); // 配置第二个数据源 BasicDataSource dataSource2 = new BasicDataSource(); dataSource2.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); dataSource2.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds1"); dataSource2.setUsername("root"); dataSource2.setPassword(""); dataSourceMap.put("ds1", dataSource2); // 配置Order表规定 TableRuleConfiguration orderTableRuleConfig = new TableRuleConfiguration("t_order","ds${0..1}.t_order${0..1}"); // 配置分库 + 分表策略 orderTableRuleConfig.setDatabaseShardingStrategyConfig(new InlineShardingStrategyConfiguration("user_id", "ds${user_id % 2}")); orderTableRuleConfig.setTableShardingStrategyConfig(new InlineShardingStrategyConfiguration("order_id", "t_order${order_id % 2}")); // 配置分片规定 ShardingRuleConfiguration shardingRuleConfig = new ShardingRuleConfiguration(); shardingRuleConfig.getTableRuleConfigs().add(orderTableRuleConfig); // 省略配置order_item表规定... // ... // 获取数据源对象 DataSource dataSource = ShardingDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(dataSourceMap, shardingRuleConfig, new Properties());基于Yaml的规定配置
或通过Yaml形式配置，与以上配置等价：
dataSources: ds0: !!org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds0 username: root password: ds1: !!org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds1 username: root password: shardingRule: tables: t_order: actualDataNodes: ds${0..1}.t_order${0..1} databaseStrategy: inline: shardingColumn: user_id algorithmExpression: ds${user_id % 2} tableStrategy: inline: shardingColumn: order_id algorithmExpression: t_order${order_id % 2} t_order_item: actualDataNodes: ds${0..1}.t_order_item${0..1} databaseStrategy: inline: shardingColumn: user_id algorithmExpression: ds${user_id % 2} tableStrategy: inline: shardingColumn: order_id algorithmExpression: t_order_item${order_id % 2} DataSource dataSource = YamlShardingDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(yamlFile);应用原生JDBC
通过ShardingDataSourceFactory或者YamlShardingDataSourceFactory工厂和规定配置对象获取ShardingDataSource，ShardingDataSource实现自JDBC的标准接口DataSource。而后可通过DataSource抉择应用原生JDBC开发，或者应用JPA, MyBatis等ORM工具。
以JDBC原生实现为例：
DataSource dataSource = YamlShardingDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(yamlFile);String sql = "SELECT i.* FROM t_order o JOIN t_order_item i ON o.order_id=i.order_id WHERE o.user_id=? AND o.order_id=?";try ( Connection conn = dataSource.getConnection(); PreparedStatement preparedStatement = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) { preparedStatement.setInt(1, 10); preparedStatement.setInt(2, 1001); try (ResultSet rs = preparedStatement.executeQuery()) { while(rs.next()) { System.out.println(rs.getInt(1)); System.out.println(rs.getInt(2)); } }}应用Spring
引入Maven依赖
<!-- for spring boot --><dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId> <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>${sharding-sphere.version}</version></dependency><!-- for spring namespace --><dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId> <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-namespace</artifactId> <version>${sharding-sphere.version}</version></dependency>基于Spring boot的规定配置
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.names=ds0,ds1spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.type=org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSourcespring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driverspring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds0spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.username=rootspring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.password=spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.type=org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSourcespring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driverspring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds1spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.username=rootspring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.password=spring.shardingsphere.sharding.default-database-strategy.inline.sharding-column=user_idspring.shardingsphere.sharding.default-database-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=ds$->{user_id % 2}spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_order.actual-data-nodes=ds$->{0..1}.t_order$->{0..1}spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_order.table-strategy.inline.sharding-column=order_idspring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_order.table-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=t_order$->{order_id % 2}spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_order_item.actual-data-nodes=ds$->{0..1}.t_order_item$->{0..1}spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_order_item.table-strategy.inline.sharding-column=order_idspring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_order_item.table-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=t_order_item$->{order_id % 2}基于Spring boot + JNDI的规定配置
如果您打算应用Spring boot + JNDI的形式，在利用容器（如Tomcat）中应用Sharding-JDBC时，可应用spring.shardingsphere.datasource.${datasourceName}.jndiName来代替数据源的一系列配置。
如：
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.names=ds0,ds1spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.jndi-name=java:comp/env/jdbc/ds0spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.jndi-name=jdbc/ds1spring.shardingsphere.sharding.default-database-strategy.inline.sharding-column=user_idspring.shardingsphere.sharding.default-database-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=ds$->{user_id % 2}spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_order.actual-data-nodes=ds$->{0..1}.t_order$->{0..1}spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_order.table-strategy.inline.sharding-column=order_idspring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_order.table-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=t_order$->{order_id % 2}spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_order_item.actual-data-nodes=ds$->{0..1}.t_order_item$->{0..1}spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_order_item.table-strategy.inline.sharding-column=order_idspring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_order_item.table-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=t_order_item$->{order_id % 2}基于Spring命名空间的规定配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:sharding="http://shardingsphere.apache.org/schema/shardingsphere/sharding" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://shardingsphere.apache.org/schema/shardingsphere/sharding http://shardingsphere.apache.org/schema/shardingsphere/sharding/sharding.xsd "> <bean id="ds0" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds0" /> <property name="username" value="root" /> <property name="password" value="" /> </bean> <bean id="ds1" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds1" /> <property name="username" value="root" /> <property name="password" value="" /> </bean> <sharding:inline-strategy id="databaseStrategy" sharding-column="user_id" algorithm-expression="ds$->{user_id % 2}" /> <sharding:inline-strategy id="orderTableStrategy" sharding-column="order_id" algorithm-expression="t_order$->{order_id % 2}" /> <sharding:inline-strategy id="orderItemTableStrategy" sharding-column="order_id" algorithm-expression="t_order_item$->{order_id % 2}" /> <sharding:data-source id="shardingDataSource"> <sharding:sharding-rule data-source-names="ds0,ds1"> <sharding:table-rules> <sharding:table-rule logic-table="t_order" actual-data-nodes="ds$->{0..1}.t_order$->{0..1}" database-strategy-ref="databaseStrategy" table-strategy-ref="orderTableStrategy" /> <sharding:table-rule logic-table="t_order_item" actual-data-nodes="ds$->{0..1}.t_order_item$->{0..1}" database-strategy-ref="databaseStrategy" table-strategy-ref="orderItemTableStrategy" /> </sharding:table-rules> </sharding:sharding-rule> </sharding:data-source></beans>在Spring中应用DataSource
间接通过注入的形式即可应用DataSource，或者将DataSource配置在JPA、Hibernate或MyBatis中应用。
@Resourceprivate DataSource dataSource;规定配置包含数据源配置、表规定配置、分库策略和分表策略组成。这只是最简略的配置形式，理论应用可更加灵便，如：多分片键，分片策略间接和表规定配置绑定等。更多的具体配置请参考配置手册。