课程链接：https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/e...

L.02 Flow of Control

1. Motivation

Alter the order in which a program's statements are excuted, the control flow.

2. Contorl Structure

2.1 Conditionals

  1. Relational operator: >, < , ==, !=, <=, etc.
  2. Logical operator: &&(and), ||(or), !(not)

2.1.1 if, if-else and else if

  1. if conditional:
if(condition){    statement 1    statement 1    ...}if(condition)    statement only 1
  1. if-else conditional:
if(condition){    statement 1    statement 2    ...}else{    statement 3    statement 4}if(condition)    statement only 1aelse    statement only 1b
  1. if-else if conditional:
if(condition){    statement 1    statement 2    ...}else if(condition){    statement 3    statement 4}

2.1.2 switch

May or may not excute certain statements.

switch(expression){    case constant1:         statementA1         statementA2         ...         break;    case constant2:         statementB1         statementB2         ...         break;    ...    default:        statementZ1        statementZ2        ...}

2.2 Loops

2.2.1 while and do-while

while (condition){    statement 1    statement 2    ...}while (condition)    statement only 1
do{    statement 1    statement 2    ...}while(condition);

Note: Statement 1&2 in do-while will be excuted one time at least.

2.2.2 for

for (initialization; condition; incrementation){    statement 1;    statement 2;}// the counter already defined, no need to get a new onefor (; i<10; i=i+1){    statement;}// From 0 to 9, 10 times in totalfor (int i=0; i<10; i=i+1){    statement;}

2.2.3 Equivalent loops

for(initialization; condition; increment){    statement;}// Rewriteinitialization;while(condition){    statement;    increment;}