环境：

  • DataBase：mysql5.7 community
  • mysql下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloa...
  • 开发语言：Python 3.7.3 64bit
  • 下载mysql驱动： https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohl...
  • admin后台优化：django-xadmin
  • django安装：pip install django==2.2 -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple
  • 镜像安装：https://pypi.douban.com/simple， 例： pip install django==2.2 -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple
  • captcha插件：django simple captcha https://django-simple-captcha...
  • redis windows：https://github.com/ServiceSta...
  • redis python驱动：https://github.com/andymccurd...
  • 分页插件：django pure pagination https://github.com/jamespacil...

技术点：

  • format格式化
>>>"{} {}".format("hello", "world")    # 不设置指定位置，按默认顺序'hello world' >>> "{0} {1}".format("hello", "world")  # 设置指定位置'hello world' >>> "{1} {0} {1}".format("hello", "world")  # 设置指定位置'world hello world'
  • http数据传给前端
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect, JsonResponsereturn JsonResponse({})
  • FORM 字段单独验证
class RegisterPostForm(forms.Form):    mobile = forms.CharField(required=True, min_length=11, max_length=11)    code = forms.CharField(required=True, min_length=4, max_length=4)    password = forms.CharField(required=True)    # 验证手机号是否已注册    def clean_mobile(self):        mobile = self.data.get("mobile")        user = UserProfile.objects.filter(mobile=mobile)        if user:            raise forms.ValidationError("该手机号已被注册")        return mobile
  • 防止basemodel字段生成表
class BaseModel(models.Model):    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")    class Meta:        # 防止BaseModel生成表        abstract = True
  • django内置用户密码加密方法
user = UserProfile(mobile=mobile)user.set_passdjangoword(password)  # set_password生成加密后的密码
  • HttpResponseRedirect页面重定向跳转
if user is not None:    # 查询到用户    login(request, user)    # HttpResponseRedirect页面重定向    return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse("index"))
  • model外键定义
class Lesson(BaseModel):    # on_delete表示对应的外键数据被删除后，当前的数据应该怎么办    # 值为models.SET_NULL不级联删除，还需参数null=True, blank=True。值为models.CASCADE会级联删除    # course = models.ForeignKey(Course, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True, blank=True)    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, on_delete=models.CASCADE)    name = models.CharField(verbose_name="章节名", max_length=100)    learn_times = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="学习时长(分钟数)", default=0)    class Meta:        verbose_name = "课程章节"        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name    def __str__(self):        return self.name
  • 分页
class CourseListView(View):    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):        # 获取课程列表        all_courses = Course.objects.all().order_by("-add_time")        # 对课程数据进行分页        try:            page = request.GET.get('page', 1)        except PageNotAnInteger:            page = 1        p = Paginator(all_courses, per_page=5, request=request)        courses = p.page(page)        return render(request, "course-list.html", {            "all_courses": courses        })# 注意 all_courses.object_list{% for course in all_courses.object_list %}{% endfor %}<div class="pageturn">    <ul class="pagelist">        {% if all_courses.has_previous %}            <li class="long"><a href="?{{ all_courses.previous_page_number.querystring }}">上一页</a>            </li>        {% endif %}        {% for page in all_courses.pages %}            {% if page %}                {% ifequal page all_courses.number %}                    <li class="active"><a href="?{{ page.querystring }}">{{ page }}</a></li>                {% else %}                    <li><a href="?{{ page.querystring }}" class="page">{{ page }}</a></li>                {% endifequal %}            {% else %}                <li class="none">...</li>            {% endif %}        {% endfor %}        {% if all_courses.has_next %}            <li class="long"><a                    href="?{{ all_courses.next_page_number.querystring }}">下一页</a></li>        {% endif %}    </ul></div>
  • 取外键属性值
<!--外键查找属性 查找课程外键课程机构的名称--><a href="course-detail.html">    <span class="fl">来自{{ course.course_org.name }}</span></a>
  • model数据查询倒序
# order_by 倒序字段前加“-”all_courses = Course.objects.all().order_by("-add_time")
  • template对model charfiled choices取值
# modelclass Course(BaseModel):    degree = models.CharField(verbose_name="难度", choices=(("cj", "初级"), ("zj", "中级"), ("gj", "高级")), max_length=2)# html难度：<i class="key">{{ course.get_degree_display }}</i>
  • template media_url拼接
<img src="{{ course.image.url }}"/># 等同于<img src="{{ MEDIA_URL }}{{ course.image }}"/>
  • url中设置参数字段获取
urlpatterns = [    url(r'(?P<course_id>\d+)/detail/$', CourseDetailView.as_view(), name='detail'),]class CourseDetailView(View):    def get(self, request, course_id, *args, **kwargs):        pass
  • 字典循环取数据快捷写法
user_courses = UserCourse.objects.filter(course=course)user_ids = [user_course.user.id for user_course in user_courses]
  • template for循环取索引下标
{% for teacher in hot_teachers %}# forloop.counter0 会得到从0开始计算的下标# forloop.counter 会得到从1开始计算的下标<span class="num fl">{{ forloop.counter }}</span>{% endfor %}
  • template过滤处理
<input type="text" value="{{ user.birthday|default_if_none:''|date:'Y-m-d' }}"/>