查看版本
kubectl version查看节点
kubectl get nodes部署app
说明： 提供deployment名称和app镜像地址（docker镜像地址）
kubectl run kubernetes-bootcamp --image=gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1 --port=8080再如：
run test --image=preparedman/mytomcat:tagname --port=8088查看app
kubectl proxy测试：curl http://localhost:8001/version
{ "major": "1", "minor": "13", "gitVersion": "v1.13.3", "gitCommit": "721bfa751924da8d1680787490c54b9179b1fed0", "gitTreeState": "clean", "buildDate": "2019-02-01T20:00:57Z", "goVersion": "go1.11.5", "compiler": "gc", "platform": "linux/amd64"}获取pod名字
export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods -o go-template --template '{{range .items}}{{.metadata.name}}{{"\n"}}{{end}}')测试：echo Name of the Pod: $POD_NAME
使用kubectl进行故障排除
主要使用如下命令
kubectl get - list resources 列出资源kubectl describe - show detailed information about a resource 显示资源详情kubectl logs - print the logs from a container in a pod 打印`pod` 中container的日志kubectl exec - execute a command on a container in a pod 在`pod`中的container上执行命令获取应用配置
查看应用是否在运行
kubectl get pods查看pod 中有哪些container
kubectl describe pods结果如下：
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-jk4jcNamespace: defaultPriority: 0PriorityClassName: <none>Node: minikube/172.17.0.72Start Time: Wed, 24 Apr 2019 13:21:58 +0000Labels: pod-template-hash=6bf84cb898 run=kubernetes-bootcampAnnotations: <none>Status: RunningIP: 172.18.0.4Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898Containers: kubernetes-bootcamp: Container ID: docker://55491b363d26b62e432cd4841ed4f65cc5b98e645d172c6ed88feaebcb4ec06c Image: gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1 Image ID: docker-pullable://jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:0d6b8ee63bb57c5f5b6156f446b3bc3b3c143d233037f3a2f00e279c8fcc64af Port: 8080/TCP Host Port: 0/TCP State: Running Started: Wed, 24 Apr 2019 13:22:00 +0000 Ready: True Restart Count: 0 Environment: <none> Mounts: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-l7v8b (ro)Conditions: Type Status Initialized True Ready True ContainersReady True PodScheduled TrueVolumes: default-token-l7v8b: Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret) SecretName: default-token-l7v8b Optional: falseQoS Class: BestEffortNode-Selectors: <none>Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300sEvents: Type Reason Age From Message ---- ------ ---- ---- ------- Normal Scheduled 3m6s default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-jk4jc to minikube Normal Pulled 3m4s kubelet, minikube Container image "gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1" already present on machine Normal Created 3m4s kubelet, minikube Created container Normal Started 3m4s kubelet, minikube Started container打印container日志
kubectl logs $POD_NAME在container中直接执行命令
比如：获取pod名字是kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-jk4jc的日期，默认使用第一个container container by default
kubectl exec kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-jk4jc date 再入：进入container的命令行环境
kubectl exec kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-jk4jc bash退出使用
exit暴露你的应用service
列出当前集群中的service
kubectl get services创建一个新的service并暴露给外部流量
kubectl expose deployment/kubernetes-bootcamp --type="NodePort" --port 8080查看service详情
$ kubectl describe services/kubernetes-bootcamp结果：
Name: kubernetes-bootcampNamespace: defaultLabels: run=kubernetes-bootcampAnnotations: <none>Selector: run=kubernetes-bootcampType: NodePortIP: 10.105.231.53Port: <unset> 8080/TCPTargetPort: 8080/TCPNodePort: <unset> 32400/TCPEndpoints: 172.18.0.4:8080Session Affinity: NoneExternal Traffic Policy: ClusterEvents: <none>创建一个环境变量NODE_PORT，它的值等于service暴露的端口
export NODE_PORT=$(kubectl get services/kubernetes-bootcamp -o go-template='{{(index .spec.ports 0).nodePort}}')echo NODE_PORT=$NODE_PORT测试：
curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT使用labels
查看label
kubectl describe deployment你能看到这样一行：
Labels: run=kubernetes-bootcamp通过label查询pod
kubectl get pods -l run=kubernetes-bootcamp通过label查询service
kubectl get services -l run=kubernetes-bootcamp获取pod名字，并保存到环境变量POD_NAME中
export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods -o go-template --template '{{range .items}}{{.metadata.name}}{{"\n"}}{{end}}')echo name of the pod: $POD_NAME添加新的lebel
使用label命令
kubectl label pod $POD_NAME app=v1查看：
kubectl describe pods $POD_NAME删除service
通过label删除service
kubectl delete service -l run=kubernetes-bootcamp确认删除：
kubectl get services确认没有暴露给集群外部：
curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT确认集群内部还可以访问：
kubectl exec -ti $POD_NAME curl localhost:8080
扩容
设置deployments的replica数量为4
kubectl scale deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp --replicas=4查看结果：
可以看到修改replica设置生效
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGEkubernetes-bootcamp 4/4 4 4 3m17spod数量已经改变，查看详情
kubectl get pods -o wide结果：
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATESkubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-7tbrg 1/1 Running 0 2m50s 172.18.0.5 minikube <none> <none>kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-fx68f 1/1 Running 0 3m52s 172.18.0.4 minikube <none> <none>kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-prgsc 1/1 Running 0 2m50s 172.18.0.6 minikube <none> <none>kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-qv4gc 1/1 Running 0 2m50s 172.18.0.7 minikube <none> <none>查看4个pod
kubectl describe deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp结果：
Replicas: 4 desired | 4 updated | 4 total | 4 available | 0 unavailable查看service是否是负载均衡的
查看具体IP
kubectl describe services/kubernetes-bootcamp结果：
Endpoints: 172.18.0.2:8080,172.18.0.4:8080,172.18.0.6:8080 + 1 more...创建环境变量NODE_PORT\
export NODE_PORT=$(kubectl get services/kubernetes-bootcamp -o go-template='{{(index .spec.ports 0).nodePort}}')echo NODE_PORT=$NODE_PORT调用请求
可以看到，每次请求的都是不同的pod
curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT结果：
Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-2l975 | v=1$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORTHello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-zbmj4 | v=1$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORTHello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-qg5xh | v=1$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORTHello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-zbmj4 | v=1$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORTHello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-bn98t | v=1$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORTHello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-zbmj4 | v=1$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORTHello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-zbmj4 | v=1$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORTHello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-zbmj4 | v=1缩容
kubectl scale deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp --replicas=2## 更新到版本2kubectl set image deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp kubernetes-bootcamp=jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2验证更新
查看暴露出来的ip和端口
kubectl describe services/kubernetes-bootcamp结果：
Name: kubernetes-bootcampNamespace: defaultLabels: run=kubernetes-bootcampAnnotations: <none>Selector: run=kubernetes-bootcampType: NodePortIP: 10.98.28.235Port: <unset> 8080/TCPTargetPort: 8080/TCPNodePort: <unset> 31419/TCPEndpoints: 172.18.0.10:8080,172.18.0.11:8080,172.18.0.8:8080 + 1 more...Session Affinity: NoneExternal Traffic Policy: ClusterEvents: <none>创建环境变量
export NODE_PORT=$(kubectl get services/kubernetes-bootcamp -o go-template='{{(index .spec.ports 0).nodePort}}')echo NODE_PORT=$NODE_PORT访问：
curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT结果：
访问版本2，且每次访问不同的地址
Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-5bf4d5689b-tcxpf | v=2$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORTHello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-5bf4d5689b-tcxpf | v=2$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORTHello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-5bf4d5689b-86c8g | v=2$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORTHello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-5bf4d5689b-fx9tf | v=2$ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORTHello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-5bf4d5689b-tcxpf | v=2确认更新
kubectl rollout status deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp回滚
更新到版本10
kubectl set image deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp kubernetes-bootcamp=gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v10查看发现报错，因为版本库中没有版本10
kubectl get deploymentskubectl get podskubectl describe pods报错
Warning Failed 38s (x3 over 77s) kubelet, minikube Failed to pull image "gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v10": rpc error: code = Unknown desc = Error response from daemon: manifest for gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v10 not found执行会滚
kubectl rollout undo deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp