使用Patch方式更新K8S的 API Objects 一共有三种方式：strategic merge patch, json-patch,json merge patch。关于这三种方式的文字描述区别可看官方文档update-api-object-kubectl-patch。
我在本文中主要会介绍使用client-go的Patch方式，主要包括strategic merge patch和json-patch。不介绍json merge patch的原因，是该方式使用场景比较少，因此不做介绍，如果有同学有兴趣，可做补充。
StrategicMergePatch
新增Object值
本次示例以给一个node新增一个labels为例，直接上代码：
//根据Pod Sn 更新 podfunc UpdatePodByPodSn(coreV1 v1.CoreV1Interface, podSn string, patchData map[string]interface{}) (*apiv1.Pod, error) { v1Pod, err := coreV1.Pods("").Get(podSn, metav1.GetOptions{}) if err != nil { logs.Error("[UpdatePodByPodSn] get pod %v fail %v", podSn, err) return nil, fmt.Errorf("[UpdatePodByPodSn] get pod %v fail %v", podSn, err) } namespace := v1Pod.Namespace podName := v1Pod.Name playLoadBytes, _ := json.Marshal(patchData) newV1Pod, err := coreV1.Pods(namespace).Patch(podName, types.StrategicMergePatchType, playLoadBytes) if err != nil { logs.Error("[UpdatePodByPodSn] %v pod Patch fail %v", podName, err) return nil, fmt.Errorf("[UpdatePodByPodSn] %v pod Patch fail %v", podName, err) } return newV1Pod, nil}注意：上面的PatchData 必须是以 {"metadata":...}的go struct, 如：`map[string]interface{}{"metadata": map[string]map[string]string{"labels": { "test2": "test2", }}}`对应单元测试用例
func pod(podName string, nodeName string, labels map[string]string, annotations map[string]string) *v1.Pod { return &v1.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: podName, Labels: labels, Annotations: annotations}, Spec: v1.PodSpec{NodeName: nodeName}, Status: v1.PodStatus{}}}func TestUpdatePodByPodSn(t *testing.T) { var tests = []struct { expectedError interface{} expectedAnnotation string expectedLabel string podSn string patchData map[string]interface{} v1Pod []runtime.Object }{ {nil, "test2", "", "1.1.1.1", map[string]interface{}{"metadata": map[string]map[string]string{"annotations": { "test2": "test2", }}}, []runtime.Object{pod("1.1.1.1", "1.1.1.1", map[string]string{"test1": "test1"}, map[string]string{"test1": "test1"})}, }, {nil, "", "", "1.1.1.2", map[string]interface{}{"metadata": map[string]map[string]string{"labels": { "test2": "", }}}, []runtime.Object{pod("1.1.1.2", "1.1.1.1", map[string]string{"test1": "test1"}, map[string]string{"test1": "test1"})}, }, {nil, "", "test2", "1.1.1.3", map[string]interface{}{"metadata": map[string]map[string]string{"labels": { "test2": "test2", }}}, []runtime.Object{pod("1.1.1.3", "1.1.1.1", map[string]string{"test1": "test1"}, map[string]string{"test1": "test1"})}, }, } for _, test := range tests { client := fake.NewSimpleClientset(test.v1Pod...) v1Pod, err := UpdatePodByPodSn(client.CoreV1(), test.podSn, test.patchData) if err != nil { t.Errorf("expected error %s, got %s", test.expectedError, err) } assert.Equal(t, v1Pod.Annotations["test2"], test.expectedAnnotation) assert.Equal(t, v1Pod.Labels["test2"], test.expectedLabel) }}修改Object的值
修改Obejct的值使用方式如下，当使用strategic merge patch的时候，如果提交的数据中键已经存在，那就会使用新提交的值替换原先的数据。依旧以修改labels的值为例。
如新提交的数据为：
{ "metadata":{ "labels":{ "test2":"test3", }, }}Node中已经存在的labels为：
{ "metadata":{ "labels":{ "test2":"test1", }, }}最终Node中labels的key为test2的值会被替换成 test3。
删除Object值
当需要把某个Object的值删除的时候，当使用strategic merge patch的时候，依旧是删除labels为例提交方式是：
golang里面的表现形式是：
{ "metadata":{ "labels":{ "test2":nil }, }}对应从浏览器提交的数据是：
{ "metadata":{ "labels":{ "test2":null }, }}PS：如果不喜欢使用上面struct的方式组成数据，可以使用如下的方式 labelsPatch := fmt.Sprintf({"metadata":{"labels":{"%s":"%s"}}}, labelkey, labelvalue) 直接代替上面示例中的patchData
JSONPatch
JSONPatch的详细说明请参考文档：http://jsonpatch.com/。
JSONPatch 主要有三种操作方式：add,replace,remove。以下会以代码示例说明这三种操作在Client-go对应的代码示例来说明怎样操作K8s 的资源。
使用JSONPatch，如果Patch中带有斜杠“/”和 (~)这两个字符，不能直接传入这两个字符，需要你输入的时候就人工转换下，/转换成~1，~转换成~0。以新增labels为例，如我要新增一个"test1/test2":"test3"的labels，可以把要传入的数据修改为"test1~1test2":"test3"即可。
Op:add
使用JSONPatch的方式新增一个标签，其提交的数据格式必须是[{ "op": "replace", "path": "/baz", "value": "boo" }] 这样的。代码如下：
//patchStringValue specifies a patch operation for a string.type PatchStringValue struct { Op string `json:"op"` Path string `json:"path"` Value interface{} `json:"value"`}type PatchNodeParam struct { coreV1 v1.CoreV1Interface NodeSn string `json:"nodeSn"` OperatorType string `json:"operator_type"` OperatorPath string `json:"operator_path"` OperatorData map[string]interface{} `json:"operator_data"`}//patch node info, example label, annotationfunc patchNode(param PatchNodeParam) (*apiv1.Node, error) { coreV1 := param.coreV1 nodeSn := param.NodeSn node, err := coreV1.Nodes().Get(nodeSn, metav1.GetOptions{}) if err != nil { return nil, err } operatorData := param.OperatorData operatorType := param.OperatorType operatorPath := param.OperatorPath var payloads []interface{} for key, value := range operatorData { payload := PatchStringValue{ Op: operatorType, Path: operatorPath + key, Value: value, } payloads = append(payloads, payload) } payloadBytes, _ := json.Marshal(payloads) newNode, err := coreV1.Nodes().Patch(nodeSn, types.JSONPatchType, payloadBytes) if err != nil { return nil, err } return newNode, err}单元测试：
func TestPatchNode(t *testing.T) { Convey("test patchNode", t, func() { Convey("Patch Node fail", func() { var tests = []struct { nodeSn string operatorType string operatorPath string operatorData map[string]interface{} expectedError interface{} expectedValue *v1.Node objs []runtime.Object }{ {"1.1.1.1", "add", "/metadata/labels/", map[string]interface{}{ "test1": "test1", "test2": "test2"}, "nodes \"1.1.1.1\" not found", nil, nil}, {"1.1.1.1", "aaa", "/metadata/labels/", map[string]interface{}{ "test1": "test1", "test2": "test2"}, "Unexpected kind: aaa", nil, []runtime.Object{node("1.1.1.1", nil, nil)}}, } for _, test := range tests { client := fake.NewSimpleClientset(test.objs...) param := PatchNodeParam{ coreV1: client.CoreV1(), NodeSn: test.nodeSn, OperatorType: test.operatorType, OperatorPath: test.operatorPath, OperatorData: test.operatorData, EmpId: test.empId, } output, err := patchNode(param) So(output, ShouldEqual, test.expectedValue) So(err.Error(), ShouldEqual, test.expectedError) } }) Convey("Patch Node success", func() { var tests = []struct { nodeSn string operatorType string operatorPath string operatorData map[string]interface{} expectedError interface{} expectedValue string objs []runtime.Object }{ {"1.1.1.1", "add", "/metadata/labels/", map[string]interface{}{ "test1": "test1", "test2": "test2"}, nil, "1.1.1.1", []runtime.Object{node("1.1.1.1", map[string]string{"test3": "test3"}, map[string]string{"test3": "test3"})}}, {"1.1.1.1", "add", "/metadata/labels/", map[string]interface{}{ "test1": "test1", "test2": "test2"}, nil, "1.1.1.1", []runtime.Object{node("1.1.1.1", map[string]string{"test1": "modifytest"}, map[string]string{"test1": "modifytest"})}}, } for _, test := range tests { client := fake.NewSimpleClientset(test.objs...) param := PatchNodeParam{ coreV1: client.CoreV1(), NodeSn: test.nodeSn, OperatorType: test.operatorType, OperatorPath: test.operatorPath, OperatorData: test.operatorData, } output, err := patchNode(param) So(output, ShouldNotBeNil) So(err, ShouldBeNil) So(output.Name, ShouldEqual, test.expectedValue) } }) })}使用add有个需要注意的地方就是，当你的Path是使用的/metadata/labels而不是/metadata/labels/labelkey的时候，那你这个add操作实际是对整个labels进行替换，而不是新增，一定要注意避免踩坑。
PS：如果不喜欢使用上面struct的方式组成数据，可以使用如下的方式 labelsPatch := fmt.Sprintf([{"op":"add","path":"/metadata/labels/%s","value":"%s" }], labelkey, labelvalue) 直接代替上面示例中的patchData
Op:remove
要删除一个标签的话，代码和增加区别不大，唯一的区别就是提交的数据要由键值对修改为提交一个string slice类型[]string，代码如下：
type PatchNodeParam struct { coreV1 v1.CoreV1Interface NodeSn string `json:"nodeSn"` OperatorType string `json:"operator_type"` OperatorPath string `json:"operator_path"` OperatorData map[string]interface{} `json:"operator_data"`}//patchStringValue specifies a remove operation for a string.type RemoveStringValue struct { Op string `json:"op"` Path string `json:"path"`}//remove node info, example label, annotationfunc removeNodeInfo(param RemoveNodeInfoParam) (*apiv1.Node, error) { coreV1 := param.coreV1 nodeSn := param.NodeSn node, err := coreV1.Nodes().Get(nodeSn, metav1.GetOptions{}) if err != nil { return nil, err } operatorKey := param.OperatorKey operatorType := param.OperatorType operatorPath := param.OperatorPath var payloads []interface{} for key := range operatorKey { payload := RemoveStringValue{ Op: operatorType, Path: operatorPath + operatorKey[key], } payloads = append(payloads, payload) } payloadBytes, _ := json.Marshal(payloads) newNode, err := coreV1.Nodes().Patch(nodeSn, types.JSONPatchType, payloadBytes) if err != nil { return nil, err } return newNode, err}Op:replace
replace操作，会对整个的Object进行替换。所以使用replace记住要把原始的数据取出来和你要新增的数据合并后再提交，如：
type ReplaceNodeInfoParam struct { coreV1 v1.CoreV1Interface NodeSn string `json:"nodeSn"` OperatorType string `json:"operator_type"` OperatorPath string `json:"operator_path"` OperatorData map[string]interface{} `json:"operator_data"` DataType string `json:"data_type"`}//patchStringValue specifies a patch operation for a string.type PatchStringValue struct { Op string `json:"op"` Path string `json:"path"` Value interface{} `json:"value"`}func replaceNodeInfo(param ReplaceNodeInfoParam) (*apiv1.Node, error) { coreV1 := param.coreV1 nodeSn := param.NodeSn node, err := coreV1.Nodes().Get(nodeSn, metav1.GetOptions{}) if err != nil { return nil, err } var originOperatorData map[string]string dataType := param.DataType operatorData := param.OperatorData operatorType := param.OperatorType operatorPath := param.OperatorPath switch dataType { case "labels": originOperatorData = node.Labels case "annotations": originOperatorData = node.Annotations default: originOperatorData = nil } if originOperatorData == nil { return nil, fmt.Errorf("[replaceNodeInfo] fail, %v originOperatorData is nil", nodeSn) } for key, value := range originOperatorData { operatorData[key] = value } var payloads []interface{} payload := PatchStringValue{ Op: operatorType, Path: operatorPath, Value: operatorData, } payloads = append(payloads, payload) payloadBytes, _ := json.Marshal(payloads) newNode, err := coreV1.Nodes().Patch(nodeSn, types.JSONPatchType, payloadBytes) if err != nil { return nil, err } return newNode, err}单元测试
func TestReplaceNodeInfo(t *testing.T) { Convey("test ReplaceNodeInfo", t, func() { Convey("Patch ReplaceNodeInfo fail", func() { var tests = []struct { nodeSn string operatorType string operatorPath string dataType string operatorData map[string]interface{} expectedError interface{} expectedValue *v1.Node objs []runtime.Object }{ {"1.1.1.1", "add", "/metadata/labels", "labels", map[string]interface{}{ "test1": "test1", "test2": "test2"}, "nodes \"1.1.1.1\" not found", nil, nil}, {"1.1.1.1", "aaa", "/metadata/annotations", "annotations", map[string]interface{}{ "test1": "test1", "test2": "test2"}, "[replaceNodeInfo] fail, 1.1.1.1 originOperatorData is nil", nil, []runtime.Object{node("1.1.1.1", nil, nil)}}, } for _, test := range tests { client := fake.NewSimpleClientset(test.objs...) param := ReplaceNodeInfoParam{ coreV1: client.CoreV1(), NodeSn: test.nodeSn, OperatorType: test.operatorType, OperatorPath: test.operatorPath, OperatorData: test.operatorData, DataType: test.dataType, } output, err := replaceNodeInfo(param) So(output, ShouldEqual, test.expectedValue) So(err.Error(), ShouldEqual, test.expectedError) } }) Convey("Patch Node success", func() { var tests = []struct { nodeSn string operatorType string operatorPath string dataType string operatorData map[string]interface{} expectedError interface{} expectedLabel string expectedAnnotation string objs []runtime.Object }{ {"1.1.1.1", "replace", "/metadata/labels", "labels", map[string]interface{}{ "test1": "test1", "test2": "test2"}, nil, "test3", "", []runtime.Object{node("1.1.1.1", map[string]string{"test3": "test3"}, map[string]string{"test3": "test3"})}}, {"1.1.1.1", "replace", "/metadata/annotations", "annotations", map[string]interface{}{ "test1": "test1", "test2": "test2"}, nil, "", "modifytest", []runtime.Object{node("1.1.1.1", map[string]string{"test1": "modifytest"}, map[string]string{"test1": "modifytest"})}}, } for _, test := range tests { client := fake.NewSimpleClientset(test.objs...) param := ReplaceNodeInfoParam{ coreV1: client.CoreV1(), NodeSn: test.nodeSn, OperatorType: test.operatorType, OperatorPath: test.operatorPath, OperatorData: test.operatorData, DataType: test.dataType, } output, err := replaceNodeInfo(param) So(output, ShouldNotBeNil) So(err, ShouldBeNil) So(output.Labels["test3"], ShouldEqual, test.expectedLabel) So(output.Annotations["test1"], ShouldEqual, test.expectedAnnotation) } }) })}PS：如各位还有其他更好的方式，欢迎交流补充。