在使用 selenium + chromeDriver + python3 截图时，遇上 Flash 无法加载，导致了截图 Falsh 是空白区。
环境要求：selenium chromeDriver Python3
问题
chrome 无头浏览器无法自动加载 Flash
解决办法
参考了 allow-flash-content-in-chrome-69-running-via-chromedriver 的回答，直接修改 Chrome 的设置 chrome://settings/content/siteDetails?site= 里面的 Flash 设置，修改为 Allow
#!/usr/bin/env python3# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-from selenium import webdriverfrom selenium.webdriver.common.by import Byfrom selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Selectclass chromeDriver(): def __init__(self, driver = ''): # 设置窗口大小 self.window_width = 1680 self.window_height = 948 # 设置 chromedriver 位置 self.executable_path = '/usr/local/bin/chromedriver' # 设置 Flash 的路径 self.flash_path = '/Users/cindy/Library/Application Support/Google/Chrome/PepperFlash/32.0.0.171/PepperFlashPlayer.plugin' # 获取 driver if driver: self.driver = driver else: self.driver = self.get_chrome_driver() def get_chrome_driver(self): # 头部 user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.86 Safari/537.36' # 创建参数对象 options = webdriver.ChromeOptions() prefs = { # 开启图片 "profile.managed_default_content_settings.images":1, # 关闭 Notification "profile.default_content_setting_values.notifications": 2, } # 设置 Flash 的路径 options.add_argument('--ppapi-flash-version=32.0.0.171') options.add_argument('--ppapi-flash-path=' + self.flash_path) options.add_argument('binary_location=/Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome') # 指定屏幕分辨率 options.add_argument('window-size=' + str(self.window_width) + 'x' + str(self.window_height) + '\'') # 最大化窗口 options.add_argument('--start-maximized') # 规避bug options.add_argument('--disable-gpu') # 禁用弹出拦截 options.add_argument('--disable-popup-blocking') # 隐藏自动软件 options.add_argument('disable-infobars') # 设置中文 options.add_argument('lang=zh_CN.UTF-8') #忽略 Chrome 浏览器证书错误报警提示 options.add_argument('--ignore-certificate-errors') # 更换头部 options.add_argument('user-agent=' + user_agent) options.add_argument('no-default-browser-check') # 关闭特征变量 options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation']) options.add_experimental_option('prefs', prefs) # 创建 Chrome 对象 driver = webdriver.Chrome(options = options, executable_path = self.executable_path) return driver def get(self, web_url): if not web_url: return False return self.driver.get(web_url) def add_flash_site(self, web_url): if not web_url: return False self.get("chrome://settings/content/siteDetails?site=" + web_url) root1 = self.driver.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, "settings-ui") shadow_root1 = self.expand_root_element(root1) root2 = shadow_root1.find_element(By.ID, "container") root3 = root2.find_element(By.ID, "main") shadow_root3 = self.expand_root_element(root3) shadow_root3 = self.expand_root_element(root3) root4 = shadow_root3.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "showing-subpage") shadow_root4 = self.expand_root_element(root4) root5 = shadow_root4.find_element(By.ID, "advancedPage") root6 = root5.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, "settings-privacy-page") shadow_root6 = self.expand_root_element(root6) root7 = shadow_root6.find_element(By.ID, "pages") root8 = root7.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, "settings-subpage") root9 = root8.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, "site-details") shadow_root9 = self.expand_root_element(root9) root10 = shadow_root9.find_element(By.ID, "plugins") shadow_root10 = self.expand_root_element(root10) root11 = shadow_root10.find_element(By.ID, "permission") Select(root11).select_by_value("allow") def expand_root_element(self, element): return self.driver.execute_script("return arguments[0].shadowRoot", element) def get_flash_url(self, web_url): if not web_url: return False self.add_flash_site(web_url) self.get(web_url) def quit_driver(self): self.driver.quit()driver = chromeDriver()url = 'http://your.website/'driver.get_flash_url(url)最后
不能使用无界面模式，设置 handless 参数 options.add_argument('--headless')。否则无法直接修改 Chrome 的设置。