git 入门教程之删除文件

删除文件回忆一下文件的常见操作,新增文件,修改文件,删除文件等,新增和修改文件都单独讨论过,现在我们来研究一下如何删除文件.你可能会说删除文件还不简单啊,直接 rm -rf <file> 即可,但是这仅仅是本地文件被删除了,对于 git 来说,文件并没有被删除.还记得我们开篇介绍git 时就说过,一切操作皆版本 ,对于新增是一个版本,修改也是一个版本,就连删除都是一个版本.下面让我们看一下 git 中如何删除文件吧!背景# 查看当前文件列表$ lsfile1.txt file2.txt file3.txt newFile.txt test.txt# 新建待删除文件$ touch delete.txt# 再次查看当前文件列表,确保新建文件成功$ lsdelete.txt file2.txt newFile.txtfile1.txt file3.txt test.txt# 查看当前文件状态: 新文件 delete.txt 还没被跟踪$ git statusOn branch masterUntracked files: (use “git add <file>…” to include in what will be committed) .DS_Store delete.txtnothing added to commit but untracked files present (use “git add” to track)# 添加新文件 delete.txt$ git add delete.txt# 查看文件状态: 已添加到暂存区,待提交到版本库$ git statusOn branch masterChanges to be committed: (use “git reset HEAD <file>…” to unstage) new file: delete.txtUntracked files: (use “git add <file>…” to include in what will be committed) .DS_Store# 提交新文件 delete.txt$ git commit -m “add delete.txt”[master 7df386a] add delete.txt 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) create mode 100644 delete.txt# 再次查看文件状态: 已经没有新文件 delete.txt 的更改信息$ git statusOn branch masterUntracked files: (use “git add <file>…” to include in what will be committed) .DS_Storenothing added to commit but untracked files present (use “git add” to track)$ 以上操作,我们简单创建 delete.txt 文件,添加(git add)并提交(git commit) 该文件,完成准备工作后,开始删除文件!# 删除前文件列表$ lsdelete.txt file2.txt newFile.txtfile1.txt file3.txt test.txt# 删除刚刚创建的文件 delete.txt$ rm delete.txt# 删除后文件列表$ lsfile1.txt file2.txt file3.txt newFile.txt test.txt# 当前文件状态: delete.txt 文件已被删除,且未添加到暂存区$ git statusOn branch masterChanges not staged for commit: (use “git add/rm <file>…” to update what will be committed) (use “git checkout – <file>…” to discard changes in working directory) deleted: delete.txtUntracked files: (use “git add <file>…” to include in what will be committed) .DS_Storeno changes added to commit (use “git add” and/or “git commit -a”)$ 本地删除 delete.txt 文件后,再次查看文件状态 git status 发现 git 给了我们两条建议,其中一条 git checkout – <file> 我们很熟悉,就是丢弃工作区的更改,此时此景下如果丢弃删除操作,相当于撤销删除,难怪说删除也是一个版本呢!现在我们重点来看第一条建议 git add/rm <file> ,rm 是 remove 单词的缩写,即删除文件.# 删除文件$ git rm delete.txtrm ‘delete.txt’# 查看文件状态: delete.txt 文件待提交$ git statusOn branch masterChanges to be committed: (use “git reset HEAD <file>…” to unstage) deleted: delete.txtUntracked files: (use “git add <file>…” to include in what will be committed) .DS_Store# 提交文件$ git commit -m “remove delete.txt”[master 6298070] remove delete.txt 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 delete.txt# 再次查看文件状态$ git statusOn branch masterUntracked files: (use “git add <file>…” to include in what will be committed) .DS_Storenothing added to commit but untracked files present (use “git add” to track)$ 删除文件和添加文件类似,都是一次commit ,本地文件的任何更改都要添加到暂存区,然后提交到版本库.小结删除文件和新增文件类似逻辑,git rm 删除文件后,依然需要 git commit 提交版本.