阿里云 ECS服务器(CentOS 7)安装和使用Nexus教程

1、前言最近项目需要搭建maven私服，方便管理后期团队成员使用上传自己的包，因此决定使用nexus来搭建私服，搭建好的nexus地址。2、准备工作 阿里云服务器ECS一台 1核CPU 2G内存(注意：最低为2G，否则运行报错)3、开始安装3.1 安装javajava的安装网上的文章好多，不过我是自己写的shell文件安装的，如下：#!/bin/bash# jdk install# 请将下载的jdk-xxx-linux-xxx.tar.gz包与此脚本放置到同一目录# 授予此脚本可执行权限(chmod +x install_jdk.sh)# 在终端执行此脚本开始安装(./文件名)# 注意：不可有多个版本的jdk包！# 为了使配置的环境变量生效，安装完成后你应该重新登陆。jvmpath=/usr/local/java# 不存在if [ ! -d “$jvmpath” ]; then echo “正在创建$jvmpath目录” sudo mkdir $jvmpath echo “目录$jvmpath创建成功"fijdkfile=$(ls | grep jdk--linux-.gz)jdkdirname=“jdk1.8.0_201"if [ ! -f “$jdkfile” ]; then echo “正在下载jdk请稍等…” wget –no-cookies –no-check-certificate –header “Cookie: oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie” “https://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u201-b09/42970487e3af4f5aa5bca3f542482c60/jdk-8u201-linux-x64.tar.gz"fijdkfile=$(ls | grep jdk--linux-.gz)if [ -f “$jdkfile” ]; then sudo tar -zxvf $jdkfile -C /usr/local/java/ echo “安装JDK成功” echo “配置环境变量” mv ~/.bashrc ~/.bashrc.backup.java cat ~/.bashrc.backup.java >> ~/.bashrc echo “PATH="$PATH:$jvmpath/$jdkdirname/bin"” >> ~/.bashrc echo “JAVA_HOME=$jvmpath/$jdkdirname” >> ~/.bashrc echo “CLASSPATH=.:%JAVA_HOME%/lib/dt.jar:%JAVA_HOME%/lib/tools.jar” >> ~/.bashrc source ~/.bashrc echo “配置环境成功” echo “测试是否安装成功” java -version echo “安装成功"fi执行该shell文件，如下所示：3.2 安装mavenmaven安装我也是自己写的shell文件，如果你们不想用我的可以到网上找文章看看吧，下面是我的shell文件：#!/bin/bash# maven installmvnpath=/usr/local/maven# 不存在if [ ! -d “$mvnpath” ]; then echo “正在创建$mvnpath目录” sudo mkdir $mvnpath echo “目录$mvnpath创建成功"fi#apache-maven-3.6echo “正在下载maven安装包，请稍等…“wget –no-cookies –no-check-certificate –header “Cookie: oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie” “http://211.162.31.136/files/71480000031E20AE/mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/maven/maven-3/3.6.0/binaries/apache-maven-3.6.0-bin.tar.gz"mvnfile=$(ls | grep apachemaven-.gz)if [ -f “$mvnfile” ]; then #这个名字其实就是mvn .tar.gz解压之后的文件夹的名字 mvndirname=“apache-maven-3.6.0” #不能加 用’zxvf’ 加了 z 就创建了包里面的apace* 文件夹，而我们只要把apace文件夹下的文件全部解压到 mvnpath里面就好 tar zxvf $mvnfile -C $mvnpath echo “安装maven成功” echo “配置环境变量” mv ~/.bashrc ~/.bashrc.backup.mvn cat ~/.bashrc.backup.mvn >> ~/.bashrc echo “PATH="$PATH:$mvnpath/$mvndirname/bin"” >> ~/.bashrc echo “MAVEN_HOME=$mvnpath/$mvndirname” >> ~/.bashrc source ~/.bashrc echo “配置环境成功” echo “测试是否安装成功” mvn -v echo “安装成功"else echo “没有找到maven文件"fi执行该shell文件，如下所示：3.3 安装nexusnexus虽然我也是使用shell文件安装，但有些配置我们还是要手动设置，下面是安装shell文件：#!/bin/bash#判断是否是roo用户if [ $(id -u) != “0” ]; then echo “Error:You must be root to run this script"fi#每次使用只需修改自定义内容即可#自定义用户名和组Group_Name=“nexus"User_Name=“nexus”#自定义nginx变量Install_Path="/usr/local/nexus"Version=“nexus-3.15.0-01"Package_Type=".tar.gz"Package=$Version$Package_Type#创建/usr/local/nexus目录#mkdir /usr/local/nexusif [ -e $Install_Path ]then echo " $Install_Path 目录已经存在.” echo " $Install_Path Directory Already Exists.“else echo " $Install_Path 目录正在创建.” mkdir $Install_Pathfi#下载nexus 文件Setup_path="/root/“cd $Setup_pathwget https://sonatype-download.global.ssl.fastly.net/repository/repositoryManager/3/nexus-3.15.0-01-unix.tar.gzGroup_User(){egrep “^$Group_Name” /etc/group >& /dev/nullif [ $? -ne 0 ]then echo “nexus 用户组正在添加.” groupadd $Group_Nameelse echo " The $Group_Name user group already exists.” echo “nexus 用户组已经添加.“fi#判断nexus用户是否存在egrep “^$User_Name” /etc/passwd >& /dev/nullif [ $? -ne 0 ]then echo “nexus 用户正在添加.” useradd -g $Group_Name $User_Nameelse echo “nexus 用户已经添加.” echo " The $User_Name user already exists.“fi}Group_User# 设置/usr/local/nexus 目录所属组和用户是nexuschown -R nexus:nexus $Install_Path#判断文件是否存在if [ -e $Setup_path$Version$Package_Type ]then echo “$Package The Package exists.“else echo “$Package The package does not exist.“ficd $Setup_path#解压nexus包到/usr/local/nexustar -zxvf $Package -C $Install_Pathecho ‘设置环境变量’mv ~/.bashrc ~/.bashrc.backup.nexuscat ~/.bashrc.backup.nexus >> ~/.bashrcecho “NEXUS_HOME=$Install_Path/$Version” >> ~/.bashrcecho “PATH="$PATH:$NEXUS_HOME/bin"” >> ~/.bashrc# 切换nexus用户su nexusecho ‘接下来配置：1、vim bin/nexus.rc run_as_user=“nexus”’ 安装完成之后，我们到/usr/local/nexus/nexus-3.15.0-01/bin目录下修改nexus文件# 设置本地jdk目录INSTALL4J_JAVA_HOME_OVERRIDE="/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_201” 接着，我们相同目录下nexus.rc文件，如下 # 指定用户是nexus而不是root，如果是root会出现警告！run_as_user=“nexus” 好了，这样就安装好了，我们访问下网站，注意默认端口是8081，账号：admin，密码：admin123 3.4 免费申请阿里云SSL证书购买成功之后，配置好域名，我这里的域名是: nexus.awbeci.com，设置好之后等待审核，审核成功之后选择nginx版本并下载证书下载完成之后是个.zip的压缩包，我们上传到服务器上，使用下面命令：scp your-cert.zip root@your-server-ip:/your-server-directory上传成功之后我们等待下一步操作。3.5 安装nginx并代理nexus 8081端口，同时配置https访问因为访问网站的时候端口是8081，所以想要使用80端口访问的话，我们就用nginx 80端口代理8081，同时设置https访问 安装nginx 我们还是通过shell文件来安装，如下 #!/bin/bash#判断是否是roo用户if [ $(id -u) != “0” ]; then echo “Error:You must be root to run this script"fi#每次使用只需修改自定义内容即可#自定义用户名和组Group_Name=“nginx"User_Name=“nginx”#自定义nginx变量Install_Path="/usr/local/nginx"Package_Type=".tar.gz"Version=“nginx-1.15.8"Package=$Version$Package_TypeSetup_path="/root/“RPM=“nginx”#创建/usr/local/nginx目录#mkdir /usr/local/nginxif [ -e $Install_Path ]then echo " $Install_Path 目录已经存在.” echo " $Install_Path Directory Already Exists.“else echo " $Install_Path 目录正在创建.” mkdir $Install_Pathfi #下载nginx 文件cd $Setup_pathwget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.15.8.tar.gz#安装依赖关系yum group install “Development Tools” “Server Platform Deveopment"yum install -y curl openssl-devel pcre-develGroup_User(){egrep “^$Group_Name” /etc/group >& /dev/nullif [ $? -ne 0 ]then echo “nginx 用户组正在添加.” groupadd $Group_Nameelse echo " The $Group_Name user group already exists.” echo “nginx 用户组已经添加.“fi#判断nginx用户是否存在egrep “^$User_Name” /etc/passwd >& /dev/nullif [ $? -ne 0 ]then echo “nginx 用户正在添加.” useradd -g $Group_Name $User_Nameelse echo “nginx 用户已经添加.” echo " The $User_Name user already exists.“fi}Group_User#判断文件是否存在if [ -e $Setup_path$Version$Package_Type ]then echo “$Package The Package exists.“else echo “$Package The package does not exist.“fi#编译安装nginxcd $Setup_path#解压nginx包到/usr/local/nginx tar -zxvf $Package -C $Install_Pathcd $Install_Pathcd $Versionconfigure_opts=( –prefix=$Install_Path –user=nginx –group=nginx –with-http_ssl_module –with-http_flv_module –with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_gzip_static_module )./configure ${configure_opts[@]}if [[ $? -eq 0 ]]then make && make installelse echo “编译失败，请重新编译” && exit 1fi#添加Nginx命令到环境变量cat >/etc/profile.d/nginx.sh <<EOFexport PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/:$PATHEOFsource /etc/profile#启动服务/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginxss -tnlp | grep nginx 安装成功后，我们把一步上传的证书.zip复制到/root文件夹下，并解压缩，如下： # 创建ssl文件夹mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/cert# 把上一步的.zip证书解压并复制到ssl文件夹下unzip /root/your-cert-package.zip# 解压之后应该是两个文件.pem和.key# 复制.crt和.key文件到ssl目录下cp your-cert.crt your-cert.key /usr/local/nginx/cert 设置好之后，接下来我们配置/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf文件，如下所示：#user nobody;worker_processes 1;#error_log logs/error.log;#error_log logs/error.log notice;#error_log logs/error.log info;#pid logs/nginx.pid;events { worker_connections 1024;}http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; client_max_body_size 100m; client_header_timeout 1m; client_body_timeout 1m; proxy_connect_timeout 18000; ##修改成半个小时 proxy_send_timeout 18000; proxy_read_timeout 18000; #log_format main ‘$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] “$request” ’ # ‘$status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” ’ # ‘"$http_user_agent” “$http_x_forwarded_for”’; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; server { listen 80; server_name nexus.awbeci.com; return 301 https://nexus.awbeci.com$request_uri; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8081; #代理8081端口 proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port; } } # HTTPS server # server { listen 443 ssl; server_name nexus.awbeci.com; ssl_certificate /usr/local/nginx/cert/nexus.awbeci.com.pem; ssl_certificate_key /usr/local/nginx/cert/nexus.awbeci.com.key; ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m; ssl_session_timeout 5m; ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; location / { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8081; #代理8081端口 proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port; } }} 这样就成功的配置好了，现在我们重启下nginx，并访问nexus.awbeci.com网站看看 # 重启nginx/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload4、开始使用Nexus4.1 Nexus介绍这里有一篇文章写得非常好，大家可以看看，我就不特别详细的写介绍了，主要还是告诉你们怎么结合项目使用。4.2 创建Blob Stores4.3 创建User4.4 创建阿里云的代理仓库然后再public组里面将这个aliyun-proxy仓库加入，排在maven-central之前即可4.5 创建Host仓库 策略是release4.6 创建Host仓库 策略是snapshots创建好之后我们再来Public设置下优先顺序，把刚才加的两个仓库放到aliyun-proxy前面创建完仓库预览4.7 配置本地maven settings.xml提示：两种配置方法，一种是直接配置maven目录下的conf下的settings.xml文件，另外一种是复制该文件到用户目录下的.m2目录，两种方法配置效果是一样的，看个人喜好了，加载顺序是.m2下的settings.xml目录接着是maven config目录下的settings.xml，配置文件如下：<?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“UTF-8”?><settings xmlns=“http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0" xmlns:xsi=“http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=“http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd"> <pluginGroups> </pluginGroups> <proxies> </proxies> <servers> <!–这里配置我们刚才创建的user用户所对应的releases–> <server> <id>releases</id> <username>user</username> <password>123456</password> </server> <!–这里配置我们刚才创建的user用户所对应的Snapshots–> <server> <id>Snapshots</id> <username>user</username> <password>123456</password> </server> </servers> <mirrors> <!– <mirror> <id>nexus-aliyun</id> <mirrorOf></mirrorOf> <name>Nexus aliyun</name> <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url> </mirror> –> <!–这里配置我们线上的public仓库就好–> <mirror> <id>nexus</id> <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf> <url>https://nexus.awbeci.com/repository/maven-public/</url> </mirror> </mirrors> <profiles> </profiles> <activeProfiles> <activeProfile>dev</activeProfile> </activeProfiles></settings>4.8 配置要上传到nexus项目pom.xml文件 <packaging>jar</packaging> <distributionManagement> <!–配置线上releases仓库地址，只要是正式版本都会上传到该地址（注意要和settings.xml文件里面的配置名称相同）–> <repository> <id>releases</id> <url>https://nexus.awbeci.com/repository/awbeci/</url> </repository> <!–配置线上Snapshots仓库地址，只要是快照版本都会上传到该地址（注意要和settings.xml文件里面的配置名称相同）–> <snapshotRepository> <id>Snapshots</id> <url>https://nexus.awbeci.com/repository/awbeci-snapshots/</url> </snapshotRepository> </distributionManagement> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.6.1</version> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <target>1.8</target> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> <executions> <execution> <id>deploy</id> <phase>deploy</phase> <goals> <goal>deploy</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin> </plugins> </build></project>4.9 编辑并发布jar包mvn clean && mvn deploy -DskipTests=true执行完成后，我们到线上看看是否上传成功可以看到不管是release版本还是snapshot版本都上传并发布成功4.10 测试发布的包自己新建一个maven项目，然后引入我们刚才发布的release包<dependency> <groupId>com.awbeci</groupId> <artifactId>awbeci-core</artifactId> <version>1.0.8-SNAPSHOT</version></dependency>执行该代码，如下所示：测试成功！！！4.10 上传第三方包有两种方式，一种是命令mvn deploy:deploy-file \ -DgroupId=<group-id> \ -DartifactId=<artifact-id> \ -Dversion=<version> \ -Dpackaging=<type-of-packaging> \ -Dfile=<path-to-file> \ -DrepositoryId=<server-id-settings.xml> \ -Durl=<url-of-the-repository-to-deploy>另外一种是使用Nexus上传两种方式结果都是一样，就看你偏向哪种了。5、总结 1）服务器内存刚开始配置是1CPU 1G 内存，nexus start运行之后报错，升级服务器为2G内存之后就没问题了 2）nexus 默认是8081端口，我们可以修改文件/usr/local/nexus/nexus-3.15.0-01/etc/nexus-default.properties## DO NOT EDIT - CUSTOMIZATIONS BELONG IN $data-dir/etc/nexus.properties### Jetty section# 设置成自己想要的端口application-port=8081application-host=0.0.0.0nexus-args=${jetty.etc}/jetty.xml,${jetty.etc}/jetty-http.xml,${jetty.etc}/jetty-requestlog.xmlnexus-context-path=/# Nexus sectionnexus-edition=nexus-pro-editionnexus-features=\ nexus-pro-feature值得注意的是不能把端口直接改成80，这样你就不能启动nexus，所以我们是通过nginx 80端口代理8081端口了。3）nexus 配置内存是在 /usr/local/nexus/nexus-3.15.0-01/bin/nexus.vmoptions-Xms1200M-Xmx1200M-XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=2G-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions-XX:+UnsyncloadClass-XX:+LogVMOutput-XX:LogFile=../sonatype-work/nexus3/log/jvm.log-XX:-OmitStackTraceInFastThrow-Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true-Dkaraf.home=.-Dkaraf.base=.-Dkaraf.etc=etc/karaf-Djava.util.logging.config.file=etc/karaf/java.util.logging.properties-Dkaraf.data=../sonatype-work/nexus3-Djava.io.tmpdir=../sonatype-work/nexus3/tmp-Dkaraf.startLocalConsole=false4）最好自己创建nexus用户，不要使用root用户启动nexus否则会出现警告WARNING: ************************************************************WARNING: Detected execution as “root” user. This is NOT recommended! WARNING: ************************************************************Starting nexus6、引用Maven私服Nexus3.x环境构建操作记录Nexus 3.x Linux环境搭建（手把手） 排坑之旅Centos7.3安装nexus-3.14.0-04搭建nexus3版的maven私服(Centos7环境)Gitlab+Nexus Maven部署Linux 使用 Nexus3.x 搭建 Maven 私服指南maven私服nexus3.x搭建与使用centos7搭建nexus maven私服centos7搭建nexus maven私服Maven NexusNexus 私有仓库搭建与 Maven 集成Nexus max file descriptorsmaven私服nexus3.x环境配置搭建Maven私服-Nexus