pyqy5——控件2

控件2本章我们继续介绍PyQt5控件。这次的有QPixmap，QLineEdit，QSplitter，和QComboBox。图片QPixmap是处理图片的组件。本例中，我们使用QPixmap在窗口里显示一张图片。#!/usr/bin/python3# -- coding: utf-8 --“““ZetCode PyQt5 tutorial 欢迎加QQ群923 414 804与我一起学习In this example, we dispay an imageon the window. Author: Jan BodnarWebsite: zetcode.com Last edited: August 2017"““from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QHBoxLayout, QLabel, QApplication)from PyQt5.QtGui import QPixmapimport sysclass Example(QWidget): def init(self): super().init() self.initUI() def initUI(self): hbox = QHBoxLayout(self) pixmap = QPixmap(“redrock.png”) lbl = QLabel(self) lbl.setPixmap(pixmap) hbox.addWidget(lbl) self.setLayout(hbox) self.move(300, 200) self.setWindowTitle(‘Red Rock’) self.show() if name == ‘main’: app = QApplication(sys.argv) ex = Example() sys.exit(app.exec_())pixmap = QPixmap(“redrock.png”)创建一个QPixmap对象，接收一个文件作为参数。lbl = QLabel(self)lbl.setPixmap(pixmap)把QPixmap实例放到QLabel组件里。程序展示：行编辑QLineEdit组件提供了编辑文本的功能，自带了撤销、重做、剪切、粘贴、拖拽等功能。#!/usr/bin/python3# -- coding: utf-8 --“““ZetCode PyQt5 tutorial This example shows text which is entered in a QLineEditin a QLabel widget. Author: Jan BodnarWebsite: zetcode.com Last edited: August 2017"““import sysfrom PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QLabel, QLineEdit, QApplication)class Example(QWidget): def init(self): super().init() self.initUI() def initUI(self): self.lbl = QLabel(self) qle = QLineEdit(self) qle.move(60, 100) self.lbl.move(60, 40) qle.textChanged[str].connect(self.onChanged) self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 170) self.setWindowTitle(‘QLineEdit’) self.show() def onChanged(self, text): self.lbl.setText(text) self.lbl.adjustSize() if name == ‘main’: app = QApplication(sys.argv) ex = Example() sys.exit(app.exec_())例子中展示了一个编辑组件和一个标签，我们在输入框里键入的文本，会立即在标签里显示出来。qle = QLineEdit(self)创建一个QLineEdit对象。qle.textChanged[str].connect(self.onChanged)如果输入框的值有变化，就调用onChanged()方法。def onChanged(self, text): self.lbl.setText(text) self.lbl.adjustSize() 在onChanged()方法内部，我们把文本框里的值赋值给了标签组件，然后调用adjustSize()方法让标签自适应文本内容。程序展示：QSplitterQSplitter组件能让用户通过拖拽分割线的方式改变子窗口大小的组件。本例中我们展示用两个分割线隔开的三个QFrame组件。#!/usr/bin/python3# -- coding: utf-8 --“““ZetCode PyQt5 tutorial This example showshow to use QSplitter widget. Author: Jan BodnarWebsite: zetcode.com Last edited: August 2017"““from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QHBoxLayout, QFrame, QSplitter, QStyleFactory, QApplication)from PyQt5.QtCore import Qtimport sysclass Example(QWidget): def init(self): super().init() self.initUI() def initUI(self): hbox = QHBoxLayout(self) topleft = QFrame(self) topleft.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel) topright = QFrame(self) topright.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel) bottom = QFrame(self) bottom.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel) splitter1 = QSplitter(Qt.Horizontal) splitter1.addWidget(topleft) splitter1.addWidget(topright) splitter2 = QSplitter(Qt.Vertical) splitter2.addWidget(splitter1) splitter2.addWidget(bottom) hbox.addWidget(splitter2) self.setLayout(hbox) self.setGeometry(300, 300, 300, 200) self.setWindowTitle(‘QSplitter’) self.show() def onChanged(self, text): self.lbl.setText(text) self.lbl.adjustSize() if name == ‘main’: app = QApplication(sys.argv) ex = Example() sys.exit(app.exec_())三个窗口和两个分割线的布局创建完成了，但是要注意，有些主题下，分割线的显示效果不太好。topleft = QFrame(self)topleft.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel)为了更清楚的看到分割线，我们使用了设置好的子窗口样式。splitter1 = QSplitter(Qt.Horizontal)splitter1.addWidget(topleft)splitter1.addWidget(topright)创建一个QSplitter组件，并在里面添加了两个框架。splitter2 = QSplitter(Qt.Vertical)splitter2.addWidget(splitter1)也可以在分割线里面再进行分割。程序展示：下拉选框QComboBox组件能让用户在多个选择项中选择一个。#!/usr/bin/python3# -- coding: utf-8 --“““ZetCode PyQt5 tutorial This example shows how to use a QComboBox widget. Author: Jan BodnarWebsite: zetcode.com Last edited: August 2017"““from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QLabel, QComboBox, QApplication)import sysclass Example(QWidget): def init(self): super().init() self.initUI() def initUI(self): self.lbl = QLabel(“Ubuntu”, self) combo = QComboBox(self) combo.addItem(“Ubuntu”) combo.addItem(“Mandriva”) combo.addItem(“Fedora”) combo.addItem(“Arch”) combo.addItem(“Gentoo”) combo.move(50, 50) self.lbl.move(50, 150) combo.activated[str].connect(self.onActivated) self.setGeometry(300, 300, 300, 200) self.setWindowTitle(‘QComboBox’) self.show() def onActivated(self, text): self.lbl.setText(text) self.lbl.adjustSize() if name == ‘main’: app = QApplication(sys.argv) ex = Example() sys.exit(app.exec_())本例包含了一个QComboBox和一个QLabel。下拉选择框有五个选项，都是Linux的发行版名称，标签内容为选定的发行版名称。combo = QComboBox(self)combo.addItem(“Ubuntu”)combo.addItem(“Mandriva”)combo.addItem(“Fedora”)combo.addItem(“Arch”)combo.addItem(“Gentoo”)创建一个QComboBox组件和五个选项。combo.activated[str].connect(self.onActivated) 在选中的条目上调用onActivated()方法。def onActivated(self, text): self.lbl.setText(text) self.lbl.adjustSize() 在方法内部，设置标签内容为选定的字符串，然后设置自适应文本大小。程序展示：