问题导读1.测试insert报错，该如何解决？2.hive delete和update报错，该如何解决？3.什么情况下才允许delete和update？首先用最普通的建表语句建一个表：
  1. hive>create table test(id int,name string)row format delimited fields terminated by ',';
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测试insert：
  1. insert into table test values (1,'row1'),(2,'row2');
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结果报错：
  1. java.io.FileNotFoundException: File does not exist: hdfs://127.0.0.1:9000/home/hadoop/git/hive/packaging/target/apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/
  2. apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/lib/curator-client-2.6.0.jar
  3.         at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem$17.doCall(DistributedFileSystem.java:1128)
  4.         at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem$17.doCall(DistributedFileSystem.java:1120)
  5.         at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystemLinkResolver.resolve(FileSystemLinkResolver.java:81)
  6.         at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem.getFileStatus(DistributedFileSystem.java:1120)
  7.         at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.filecache.ClientDistributedCacheManager.getFileStatus(ClientDistributedCacheManager.java:288)
  8.         at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.filecache.ClientDistributedCacheManager.getFileStatus(ClientDistributedCacheManager.java:224)
  9.         at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.filecache.ClientDistributedCacheManager.determineTimestamps(ClientDistributedCacheManager.java:99)
  10.         at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.filecache.ClientDistributedCacheManager.determineTimestampsAndCacheVisibilities(ClientDistributedCacheManager.java:57)
  11.         at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.copyAndConfigureFiles(JobSubmitter.java:265)
  12.         at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.copyAndConfigureFiles(JobSubmitter.java:301)
  13.         at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.submitJobInternal(JobSubmitter.java:389)
  14.         at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job$10.run(Job.java:1285)
  15.         at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job$10.run(Job.java:1282)
  16.         at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
  17.         ......
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貌似往hdfs上找jar包了，小问题，直接把lib下的jar包上传到hdfs
  1. hadoop fs -mkdir -p /home/hadoop/git/hive/packaging/target/apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/lib/
  2. hadoop fs -put $HIVE_HOME/lib/* /home/hadoop/git/hive/packaging/target/apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/lib/
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接着运行insert，没有问题，接下来测试delete
  1. hive>delete from test where id = 1;
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报错！：FAILED: SemanticException [Error 10294]: Attempt to do update or delete using transaction manager that does not support these operations.说是在使用的转换管理器不支持update跟delete操作。原来要支持update操作跟delete操作，必须额外再配置一些东西，见：https://cwiki.apache.org/conflue ... tersforTransactions根据提示配置hive-site.xml:
  1.     hive.support.concurrency – true
  2.     hive.enforce.bucketing – true
  3.     hive.exec.dynamic.partition.mode – nonstrict
  4.     hive.txn.manager – org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.lockmgr.DbTxnManager
  5.     hive.compactor.initiator.on – true
  6.     hive.compactor.worker.threads – 1
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配置完以为能够顺利运行了，谁知开始报下面这个错误：
  1. FAILED: LockException [Error 10280]: Error communicating with the metastore
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与元数据库出现了问题，修改log为DEBUG查看具体错误：
  1. 4-11-04 14:20:14,367 DEBUG [Thread-8]: txn.CompactionTxnHandler (CompactionTxnHandler.java:findReadyToClean(265)) - Going to execute query <select cq_id,
  2. cq_database, cq_table, cq_partition, cq_type, cq_run_as from COMPACTION_QUEUE where cq_state = 'r'>
  3. 2014-11-04 14:20:14,367 ERROR [Thread-8]: txn.CompactionTxnHandler (CompactionTxnHandler.java:findReadyToClean(285)) - Unable to select next element for cleaning,
  4. Table 'hive.COMPACTION_QUEUE' doesn't exist
  5. 2014-11-04 14:20:14,367 DEBUG [Thread-8]: txn.CompactionTxnHandler (CompactionTxnHandler.java:findReadyToClean(287)) - Going to rollback
  6. 2014-11-04 14:20:14,368 ERROR [Thread-8]: compactor.Cleaner (Cleaner.java:run(143)) - Caught an exception in the main loop of compactor cleaner, MetaException(message
  7. :Unable to connect to transaction database com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Table 'hive.COMPACTION_QUEUE' doesn't exist
  8.     at sun.reflect.GeneratedConstructorAccessor19.newInstance(Unknown Source)
  9.     at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
  10.     at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
  11.     at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:409)
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在元数据库中找不到COMPACTION_QUEUE这个表，赶紧去mysql中查看，确实没有这个表。怎么会没有这个表呢？找了很久都没找到什么原因，查源码吧。在org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.txn下的TxnDbUtil类中找到了建表语句，顺藤摸瓜，找到了下面这个方法会调用建表语句：
  1. private void checkQFileTestHack() {
  2.     boolean hackOn = HiveConf.getBoolVar(conf, HiveConf.ConfVars.HIVE_IN_TEST) ||
  3.         HiveConf.getBoolVar(conf, HiveConf.ConfVars.HIVE_IN_TEZ_TEST);
  4.     if (hackOn) {
  5.       LOG.info("Hacking in canned values for transaction manager");
  6.       // Set up the transaction/locking db in the derby metastore
  7.       TxnDbUtil.setConfValues(conf);
  8.       try {
  9.         TxnDbUtil.prepDb();
  10.       } catch (Exception e) {
  11.         // We may have already created the tables and thus don't need to redo it.
  12.         if (!e.getMessage().contains("already exists")) {
  13.           throw new RuntimeException("Unable to set up transaction database for" +
  14.               " testing: " + e.getMessage());
  15.         }
  16.       }
  17.     }
  18.   }
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什么意思呢，就是说要运行建表语句还有一个条件：HIVE_IN_TEST或者HIVE_IN_TEZ_TEST.只有在测试环境中才能用delete，update操作，也可以理解，毕竟还没有开发完全。终于找到原因，解决方法也很简单：在hive-site.xml中添加下面的配置：
  1. <property>
  2. <name>hive.in.test</name>
  3. <value>true</value>
  4. </property>
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OK,再重新启动服务，再运行delete：
  1. hive>delete from test where id = 1;
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又报错：
  1. FAILED: SemanticException [Error 10297]: Attempt to do update or delete on table default.test that does not use an AcidOutputFormat or is not bucketed
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说是要进行delete操作的表test不是AcidOutputFormat或没有分桶。估计是要求输出是AcidOutputFormat然后必须分桶网上查到确实如此，而且目前只有ORCFileformat支持AcidOutputFormat，不仅如此建表时必须指定参数('transactional' = true)。感觉太麻烦了。。。。于是按照网上示例建表：
  1. hive>create table test(id int ,name string )clustered by (id) into 2 buckets stored as orc TBLPROPERTIES('transactional'='true');
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insert
  1. hive>insert into table test values (1,'row1'),(2,'row2'),(3,'row3');
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delete
  1. hive>delete from test where id = 1;
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update
  1. hive>update test set name = 'Raj' where id = 2;
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OK!全部顺利运行，不过貌似效率太低了，基本都要30s左右，估计应该可以优化，再研究研究