解决 PKIX：unable to find valid certification path to target 的问题
问题描述
这两天上测试服务器的时候突然报这样的异常 javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
问题的根本
访问 https 的时候缺少安全证书，导致的错误
解决措施
将安全证书下载到本地 =.=。查阅了很久的资料，找到如下一份大神的源码特来分享
附上代码
/*
* Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* – Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* – Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* – Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS “AS
* IS” AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
public class InstallCert {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String host;
int port;
char[] passphrase;
if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {
String[] c = args[0].split(“:”);
host = c[0];
port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);
String p = (args.length == 1) ? “changeit” : args[1];
passphrase = p.toCharArray();
} else {
System.out
.println(“Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] [passphrase]”);
return;
}
File file = new File(“jssecacerts”);
if (file.isFile() == false) {
char SEP = File.separatorChar;
File dir = new File(System.getProperty(“java.home”) + SEP + “lib”
+ SEP + “security”);
file = new File(dir, “jssecacerts”);
if (file.isFile() == false) {
file = new File(dir, “cacerts”);
}
}
System.out.println(“Loading KeyStore ” + file + “…”);
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
ks.load(in, passphrase);
in.close();
SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance(“TLS”);
TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory
.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
tmf.init(ks);
X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) tmf
.getTrustManagers()[0];
SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);
context.init(null, new TrustManager[] {tm}, null);
SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();
System.out
.println(“Opening connection to ” + host + “:” + port + “…”);
SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket(host, port);
socket.setSoTimeout(10000);
try {
System.out.println(“Starting SSL handshake…”);
socket.startHandshake();
socket.close();
System.out.println();
System.out.println(“No errors, certificate is already trusted”);
} catch (SSLException e) {
System.out.println();
e.printStackTrace(System.out);
}
X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;
if (chain == null) {
System.out.println(“Could not obtain server certificate chain”);
return;
}
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
System.in));
System.out.println();
System.out.println(“Server sent ” + chain.length + ” certificate(s):”);
System.out.println();
MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance(“SHA1”);
MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance(“MD5″);
for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {
X509Certificate cert = chain[i];
System.out.println(” ” + (i + 1) + ” Subject ”
+ cert.getSubjectDN());
System.out.println(” Issuer ” + cert.getIssuerDN());
sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());
System.out.println(” sha1 ” + toHexString(sha1.digest()));
md5.update(cert.getEncoded());
System.out.println(” md5 ” + toHexString(md5.digest()));
System.out.println();
}
System.out
.println(“Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or ‘q’ to quit: [1]”);
String line = reader.readLine().trim();
int k;
try {
k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) – 1;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.println(“KeyStore not changed”);
return;
}
X509Certificate cert = chain[k];
String alias = host + “-” + (k + 1);
ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(“jssecacerts”);
ks.store(out, passphrase);
out.close();
System.out.println();
System.out.println(cert);
System.out.println();
System.out
.println(“Added certificate to keystore ‘jssecacerts’ using alias ‘”
+ alias + “‘”);
}
private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = “0123456789abcdef”.toCharArray();
private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);
for (int b : bytes) {
b &= 0xff;
sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);
sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);
sb.append(‘ ‘);
}
return sb.toString();
}
private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
private final X509TrustManager tm;
private X509Certificate[] chain;
SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {
this.tm = tm;
}
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
throws CertificateException {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
throws CertificateException {
this.chain = chain;
tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
}
}
}
如何执行
1. 首先将 java 文件编译成 class 文件，使用 javac 命令 javac InstallCert.java2. 当前目录下即产生 InstallCert.class 文件以及 InstallCert$SavingTrustManager.class 文件 3. 运行 InstallCert.class 文件并传入参数，java InstallCert host:port 通过作者的源码可以得知默认端口为 443
此时会输出如下信息
G:\com>java InstallCert www.baidu.com
Loading KeyStore C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.8.0_191\lib\security\cacerts…
Opening connection to www.baidu.com:443…
Starting SSL handshake…
javax.net.ssl.SSLException: java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException
at sun.security.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Unknown Source)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.fatal(Unknown Source)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.fatal(Unknown Source)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.handleException(Unknown Source)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(Unknown Source)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(Unknown Source)
at InstallCert.main(InstallCert.java:95)
Caused by: java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException
at InstallCert$SavingTrustManager.getAcceptedIssuers(InstallCert.java:18
0)
at sun.security.ssl.AbstractTrustManagerWrapper.checkAlgorithmConstraint
s(Unknown Source)
at sun.security.ssl.AbstractTrustManagerWrapper.checkAdditionalTrust(Unk
nown Source)
at sun.security.ssl.AbstractTrustManagerWrapper.checkServerTrusted(Unkno
wn Source)
at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(Unknown Source)
at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.processMessage(Unknown Source)
at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.processLoop(Unknown Source)
at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.process_record(Unknown Source)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(Unknown Source)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(Unknown Source
)
… 3 more
Server sent 2 certificate(s):
1 Subject CN=baidu.com, O=”Beijing Baidu Netcom Science Technology Co., Ltd”, O
U=service operation department, L=beijing, ST=beijing, C=CN
Issuer CN=GlobalSign Organization Validation CA – SHA256 – G2, O=GlobalSign
nv-sa, C=BE
sha1 d6 aa f8 cf a0 e0 23 65 47 fc 2a 89 4f 89 5e c9 47 24 a6 0d
md5 fd 63 96 dc 4e 9f 1e a9 16 51 d6 87 73 4d 39 76
2 Subject CN=GlobalSign Organization Validation CA – SHA256 – G2, O=GlobalSign
nv-sa, C=BE
Issuer CN=GlobalSign Root CA, OU=Root CA, O=GlobalSign nv-sa, C=BE
sha1 90 2e f2 de eb 3c 5b 13 ea 4c 3d 51 93 62 93 09 e2 31 ae 55
md5 d3 e8 70 6d 82 92 ac e4 dd eb f7 a8 bb bd 56 6b
Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or ‘q’ to quit: [1]
4. 输入 q 为退出，输入 1 为下载。输入 1 等待程序执行完成，当前目录下会生成一个 jssecacerts 的安全文件 5. 将证书拷贝到 $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security 目录下 6. 重新启动 web server
完成~