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关于云原生:openEuler-部署KubernetesK8s集群

jiezi

前言

因为工作起因须要应用 openEuler，openEuler 官网文档部署 K8s 集群比较复杂，并且网上相干材料较少，本文是通过实际与测试整顿的 openEuler 22.03 部署 Kubernetes 1.20.2 集群操作方法。
这篇文章仅供学习参考，请勿间接用于生产环境。

1. 装置筹备

在开始之前，部署 Kubernetes 集群机器须要满足以下几个条件：

  • 操作系统：openEuler 22.03
  • 硬件配置：2GB 或更多 RAM，2 个 CPU 或更多 CPU，硬盘 30GB 或更多
  • 集群中所有机器之间网络互通
  • 能够拜访外网，须要拉取镜像

1.1 服务器布局

主机名称 角色 IP 地址 配置
openEuler.master01 Master 节点 192.168.123.208 CPU 2 核，内存 4G，硬盘 40GB
openEuler.node01 Node 节点 192.168.123.167 CPU 2 核，内存 4G，硬盘 40GB
openEuler.node02 Node 节点 192.168.123.213 CPU 2 核，内存 4G，硬盘 40GB

1.2 服务器环境配置

  1. 批改主机名称 
# master01 执行
hostnamectl set-hostname openEuler.master01
# node01 执行
hostnamectl set-hostname openEuler.node01
# node02 执行
hostnamectl set-hostname openEuler.node02
  1. 配置 host 映射 
vim /etc/hosts

192.168.123.208 openEuler.master01
192.168.123.167 openEuler.node01
192.168.123.213 openEuler.node02
  1. 敞开 swap
# 长期敞开 swap 分区
swapoff -a
  1. 敞开防火墙 
# 敞开并禁用防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld

2. Kubernetes 集群装置

2.1 Master 节点装置

2.1.1 装置 Docker

# 装置 docker
dnf install -y docker
# 启用 docker
systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
# 查看 docker 版本
docker --version

2.1.2 装置配置 Kubernetes 组件 

# 装置 kubeadmin、kubelet、kubernetes-master
dnf install -y kubernetes-kubeadm kubernetes-kubelet kubernetes-master
# 装置 conntrack 组件（k8s 依赖组件）dnf install -y conntrack
# 配置 kubelet 开机自启
systemctl enable kubelet.service && systemctl start kubelet.service

# 装置 Kubernetes，apiserver-advertise-address 请替换成理论环境中的 master 节点 ip 地址，本文环境应用 192.168.123.208
kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.123.208 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --kubernetes-version v1.20.2 --service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
# 命令选项阐明：# --apiserver-advertise-address：apiserver 通告给其余组件的 IP 地址，个别应该为 Master 节点的用于集群外部通信的 IP 地址，0.0.0.0 示意节点上所有可用地址
# --image-repository：指定要应用的镜像仓库，指定为 aliyun 镜像减速下载
# --kubernetes-version：Kubernetes 程序组件的版本号
# --pod-network-cidr：Pod 网络的地址范畴，其值为 CIDR 格局的网络地址
# --service-cidr：Service 的网络地址范畴，其值为 CIDR 格局的网络地址

看到如下提醒装置胜利

保留 kubeadm join 信息 

kubeadm join 192.168.123.208:6443 --token 9b3zg3.w9428fz00d993pwo --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:0287bffb9cc2c10f9ad53dcdc052462cae5ebef63cecb8d53ff689fb6e358b9e

2.1.3 配置 Kubectl

# 配置环境变量
vi /etc/profile

# 在文件底部追加
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
# 利用扭转
source /etc/profile

# 查看 Master 节点状态，此时节点会提醒 Not Ready，持续下一步 2.1.4 操作
kubectl get nodes

2.1.4 配置网络插件 

# containerd 容器运行时 cni 相干文件默认门路在 /usr/libexec/cni
# flannel 默认读取 /opt/cni/bin 门路
# 拷贝相干文件
mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin
cp /usr/libexec/cni/* /opt/cni/bin/

# 以下两种办法依据理论状况任选一种装置
# 1. 服务器无法访问 github 资源 - 装置办法
#（迷信）下载 kube-flannel.yml 文件搁置到 /opt/yaml/kube-flannel.yml
# kube-flannel.yml 文件链接：https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
kubectl apply -f /opt/yaml/kube-flannel.yaml
# 查看 Master 节点状态，此时会提醒 Ready
kubectl get nodes

# 2. 服务器能够拜访 github 资源 - 装置办法
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
# 查看 Master 节点状态，此时节点会提醒 Ready，Master 节点装置实现
kubectl get nodes

附：2022.12.29 下载的 kube-flannel.yml 文件，能够手动保留应用 

---
kind: Namespace
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel
  labels:
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce: privileged
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - pods
  verbs:
  - get
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  verbs:
  - get
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes/status
  verbs:
  - patch
- apiGroups:
  - "networking.k8s.io"
  resources:
  - clustercidrs
  verbs:
  - list
  - watch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-flannel
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-flannel
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-cfg
  namespace: kube-flannel
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
data:
  cni-conf.json: |
    {
      "name": "cbr0",
      "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
      "plugins": [
        {
          "type": "flannel",
          "delegate": {
            "hairpinMode": true,
            "isDefaultGateway": true
          }
        },
        {
          "type": "portmap",
          "capabilities": {"portMappings": true}
        }
      ]
    }
  net-conf.json: |
    {
      "Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
      "Backend": {"Type": "vxlan"}
    }
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds
  namespace: kube-flannel
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: flannel
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      affinity:
        nodeAffinity:
          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
            nodeSelectorTerms:
            - matchExpressions:
              - key: kubernetes.io/os
                operator: In
                values:
                - linux
      hostNetwork: true
      priorityClassName: system-node-critical
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni-plugin
        #image: flannelcni/flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.2 #for ppc64le and mips64le (dockerhub limitations may apply)
        image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.2
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /flannel
        - /opt/cni/bin/flannel
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni-plugin
          mountPath: /opt/cni/bin
      - name: install-cni
       #image: flannelcni/flannel:v0.20.2 #for ppc64le and mips64le (dockerhub limitations may apply)
        image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.20.2
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
       #image: flannelcni/flannel:v0.20.2 #for ppc64le and mips64le (dockerhub limitations may apply)
        image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.20.2
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: false
          capabilities:
            add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        - name: EVENT_QUEUE_DEPTH
          value: "5000"
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run/flannel
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
        - name: xtables-lock
          mountPath: /run/xtables.lock
      volumes:
      - name: run
        hostPath:
          path: /run/flannel
      - name: cni-plugin
        hostPath:
          path: /opt/cni/bin
      - name: cni
        hostPath:
          path: /etc/cni/net.d
      - name: flannel-cfg
        configMap:
          name: kube-flannel-cfg
      - name: xtables-lock
        hostPath:
          path: /run/xtables.lock
          type: FileOrCreate

2.2 Node 节点（两台）装置

2.2.1 装置 Docker

# 装置 docker
dnf install -y docker
# 启用 docker
systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
# 查看 docker 版本
docker --version

2.2.2 装置配置 Kubernetes 组件 

# 装置 kubeadmin、kubelet、kubernetes-node
dnf install -y kubernetes-kubeadm kubernetes-kubelet kubernetes-node

# 配置 kubelet 开机自启
systemctl enable kubelet.service && systemctl start kubelet.service

# containerd 容器运行时 cni 相干文件默认门路在 /usr/libexec/cni
# 拷贝相干文件到 cni 规范门路
mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin
cp /usr/libexec/cni/* /opt/cni/bin/

# 根据 Master 节点上创立的 token 开始 join 命令，此处能够从 2.1.2 kubeadm init 的返回中复制。kubeadm join 192.168.123.208:6443 --token 9b3zg3.w9428fz00d993pwo --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:0287bffb9cc2c10f9ad53dcdc052462cae5ebef63cecb8d53ff689fb6e358b9e

见到如下提醒装置胜利：

回到 Master 节点查看状态，稍作期待三个节点都会变为 Ready

# Master 节点查看状态，稍作期待会提醒三个节点 Ready
kubectl get nodes

3. 测试 Kubernetes 集群

  1. 在 Kubernetes 集群中创立一个 pod，验证是否失常运行 
# Master 节点操作
# 创立 nginx 容器
kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
# 裸露对外端口
kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
# 查看 nginx 是否运行胜利
kubectl get pod,svc
# 所有节点都能够拜访到 Nginx
192.168.123.208:30116
192.168.123.167:30116
192.168.123.213:30116
  1. 扩容 nginx 正本测试 
# 扩大正本数为 3
kubectl scale deployment nginx --replicas=3
# 查看 pod 状态
kubectl get pods

如下图则扩大胜利

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