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概述
Servlet WebApplicationContext 容器的初始化基于咱们配置的 DispatcherServlet,DispatcherServlet 是 Servlet 的实现,当 Servlet 进行初始化调用 DispatcherServlet 的父类 HttpServletBean 的 init
办法进行 Servlet 的初始化。复写 Servlet 的 init
办法的关键步骤如下:
- 将 web.xml 外面的配置进行赋值
- 能够通过 4 种不同的形式初始化 Servlet WebApplicationContext 容器,进行配置和刷新
- 初始化 HandlerMapping,HandlerAdapter 等组件
DispatcherServlet 类的 UML
咱们看要害的几个实现之间的关系和性能
- HttpServletBean : 将 ServletConfig 外面的配置赋值到 Servlet
- FrameworkServlet : 初始化和配置刷新 Servlet WebApplicationContext 容器
- DispatcherServlet : 初始化 Spring MVC 的各个组件,以及解决申请
整体流程
- Servlet WebApplicationContext 容器的初始化产生在,DispatcherServlet 调用 HttpServletBean 的
init
办法,进行Servlet
的初始化。次要将 ServletConfig 外面的配置赋值到 Servlet。 - 之后调用 FrameworkServlet 的
initServletBean
办法进行初始化 Servlet WebApplicationContext,并配置和刷新上下文 - 最初调用 DispatcherServlet 的
onRefresh
办法,进行组件的初始化
分步解释
-
调用 HttpServletBean 的
init
办法,将ServletConfig
外面的 InitParameter 赋值到以后Servlet
对象中- 将 ServletConfig 外面的 InitParameter 配置转为 PropertyValues,同时校验必须配置的配置项
- 将 PropertyValues 外面的配置赋值到 Servlet
//org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean | |
public final void init() throws ServletException { | |
| |
// Set bean properties from init parameters. | |
// 将 ServletConfig 外面的配置转为 PropertyValues,同时校验必须配置的配置项 | |
PropertyValues pvs \= new ServletConfigPropertyValues(getServletConfig(), this.requiredProperties); | |
if (!pvs.isEmpty()) { | |
try {BeanWrapper bw \= PropertyAccessorFactory.forBeanPropertyAccess(this); | |
ResourceLoader resourceLoader \= new ServletContextResourceLoader(getServletContext()); | |
bw.registerCustomEditor(Resource.class, new ResourceEditor(resourceLoader, getEnvironment())); | |
initBeanWrapper(bw); | |
// 将 ServletConfig 外面的配置赋值到 Servlet | |
bw.setPropertyValues(pvs, true); | |
} | |
catch (BeansException ex) {if (logger.isErrorEnabled()) {logger.error("Failed to set bean properties on servlet'" + getServletName() + "'", ex); | |
} | |
throw ex; | |
} | |
} | |
| |
// Let subclasses do whatever initialization they like. | |
//FrameworkServlet 进行了重载 | |
initServletBean();} |
-
将 ServletConfig 外面的 InitParameter 配置转为 PropertyValues,同时校验必须配置的配置项
- 获取 ServletConfig 外面的 InitParameter 转换为 PropertyValue
- 将必填的外面的属性去除从 InitParameter 存在的属性
- 校验是否全副必填的配置是否填
public ServletConfigPropertyValues(ServletConfig config, Set<String\> requiredProperties) | |
throws ServletException { | |
| |
Set<String\> missingProps \= (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(requiredProperties) ? | |
new HashSet<>(requiredProperties) : null); | |
| |
// 获取 ServletConfig 外面的 InitParameter 转换为 PropertyValue | |
Enumeration<String\> paramNames \= config.getInitParameterNames(); | |
while (paramNames.hasMoreElements()) {String property \= paramNames.nextElement(); | |
Object value \= config.getInitParameter(property); | |
addPropertyValue(new PropertyValue(property, value)); | |
// 将必填的外面的属性去除从 InitParameter 存在的属性 | |
if (missingProps != null) {missingProps.remove(property); | |
} | |
} | |
| |
// Fail if we are still missing properties. | |
// 校验是否全副必填的配置是否填 | |
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(missingProps)) { | |
throw new ServletException("Initialization from ServletConfig for servlet'" + config.getServletName() + | |
"'failed; the following required properties were missing:" + | |
StringUtils.collectionToDelimitedString(missingProps, ",")); | |
} | |
} |
- //org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet
protected final void initServletBean() throws ServletException {
getServletContext().log(“Initializing Spring ” + getClass().getSimpleName() + ” ‘” + getServletName() + “‘”);
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info(“Initializing Servlet ‘” + getServletName() + “‘”);
}
long startTime \= System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
// 初始化上下文
this.webApplicationContext \= initWebApplicationContext();
initFrameworkServlet();
}
catch (ServletException | RuntimeException ex) {
logger.error(“Context initialization failed”, ex);
throw ex;
}
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
String value \= this.enableLoggingRequestDetails ?
“shown which may lead to unsafe logging of potentially sensitive data” :
“masked to prevent unsafe logging of potentially sensitive data”;
logger.debug(“enableLoggingRequestDetails='” + this.enableLoggingRequestDetails +
“‘: request parameters and headers will be ” + value);
}
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info(“Completed initialization in ” + (System.currentTimeMillis() – startTime) + ” ms”);
}
} -
调用 FrameworkServlet 的
initWebApplicationContext
进行初始化,形式有四种,先看initWebApplicationContext
的办法,而后具体看初始化的办法- 如果曾经实例化 Servlet WebApplicationContext,那么将父上下文进行赋值,同时配置和刷新 Servlet WebApplicationContext 上下文
- 如果没有实例化 Servlet WebApplicationContext,那么调用 findWebApplicationContext 办法,从 Servlet 上下文中通过 contextAttribute 属性获取
- 如果还是没有实例化 Servlet WebApplicationContext,那么调用 createWebApplicationContext,通过属性 contextClass 赋值的常量 DEFAULT\_CONTEXT\_CLASS 获取类名,而后通过反射进行获取
- 给子类进行一些刷新工作,DispatcherServlet 的初始化组件
- 将 Servlet WebApplicationContext 存储在 ServletContext
// org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet | |
protected WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext() { | |
| |
// 从 ContextLoaderListener 初始化 Root WebApplicationContext 赋值到 ServletContext 存储的上下文获取作为父上下文 | |
WebApplicationContext rootContext \= | |
WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(getServletContext()); | |
WebApplicationContext wac \= null; | |
| |
// 曾经赋值,有两种形式 | |
if (this.webApplicationContext != null) { | |
// A context instance was injected at construction time -> use it | |
wac \= this.webApplicationContext; | |
if (wac instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac \= (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) wac; | |
if (!cwac.isActive()) { | |
// The context has not yet been refreshed -> provide services such as | |
// setting the parent context, setting the application context id, etc | |
if (cwac.getParent() \== null) { | |
// The context instance was injected without an explicit parent -> set | |
// the root application context (if any; may be null) as the parent | |
// 将 RootWebApplicationContext 上下文作为父上下文 | |
cwac.setParent(rootContext); | |
} | |
// 配置并启动上下文 | |
configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac); | |
} | |
} | |
} | |
if (wac \== null) { | |
// No context instance was injected at construction time -> see if one | |
// has been registered in the servlet context. If one exists, it is assumed | |
// that the parent context (if any) has already been set and that the | |
// user has performed any initialization such as setting the context id | |
// 从 Servlet 上下文中通过 contextAttribute 属性获取 | |
wac \= findWebApplicationContext();} | |
if (wac \== null) { | |
// No context instance is defined for this servlet -> create a local one | |
// 通过属性 contextClass 赋值的常量 DEFAULT\_CONTEXT\_CLASS 获取类名,而后通过反射进行获取 | |
wac \= createWebApplicationContext(rootContext); | |
} | |
| |
if (!this.refreshEventReceived) { | |
// Either the context is not a ConfigurableApplicationContext with refresh | |
// support or the context injected at construction time had already been | |
// refreshed -> trigger initial onRefresh manually here. | |
synchronized (this.onRefreshMonitor) { | |
// 给子类进行一些刷新工作,DispatcherServlet 的初始化组件 | |
onRefresh(wac); | |
} | |
} | |
| |
// 将 Servlet WebApplicationContext 存储在 ServletContext | |
if (this.publishContext) { | |
// Publish the context as a servlet context attribute. | |
String attrName \= getServletContextAttributeName(); | |
getServletContext().setAttribute(attrName, wac); | |
} | |
| |
return wac; | |
} |
-
曾经赋值的形式,有两种
-
通过结构器进行初始化
//org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet
public FrameworkServlet(WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext) {
this.webApplicationContext \= webApplicationContext;
} -
实现 ApplicationContextAware 接口,调用
setApplicationContext
办法进行初始化//org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
if (this.webApplicationContext \== null && applicationContext instanceof WebApplicationContext) {
// 进行初始化
this.webApplicationContext \= (WebApplicationContext) applicationContext;
this.webApplicationContextInjected \= true;
}
} -
调用 FrameworkServlet 的
findWebApplicationContext
获取上下文- 如果 web.xml 外面的配置进行了配置,那么会通过 HttpServletBean 外面将属性 contextAttribute 赋值,能够获取到 attrName
- 从 ServletContext 上下文中通过属性 attrName 获取
-
//org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet | |
protected WebApplicationContext findWebApplicationContext() { | |
// 如果 web.xml 外面的配置进行了配置,那么会通过 HttpServletBean 外面将属性 contextAttribute 赋值,能够获取到 attrName | |
String attrName \= getContextAttribute(); | |
if (attrName \== null) {return null;} | |
// 从 ServletContext 上下文中通过属性 attrName 获取 | |
WebApplicationContext wac \= | |
WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(getServletContext(), attrName); | |
if (wac \== null) {throw new IllegalStateException("No WebApplicationContext found: initializer not registered?"); | |
} | |
return wac; | |
} | |
* 调用 FrameworkServlet 的 `createWebApplicationContext` 进行初始化 | |
* 获取常量 DEFAULT\_CONTEXT\_CLASS,也就是 XmlWebApplicationContext.class 作为上下文的 Class 类 | |
* 通过反射进行初始化 | |
* 将 RootWebApplicationContext 作为父容器 | |
* 进行上下文刷新和配置 | |
//org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet | |
protected WebApplicationContext createWebApplicationContext(@Nullable WebApplicationContext parent) {return createWebApplicationContext((ApplicationContext) parent); | |
} | |
//org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet | |
protected WebApplicationContext createWebApplicationContext(@Nullable ApplicationContext parent) { | |
// 获取常量 DEFAULT\_CONTEXT\_CLASS,也就是 XmlWebApplicationContext.class | |
Class<?> contextClass \= getContextClass(); | |
if (!ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.class.isAssignableFrom(contextClass)) { | |
throw new ApplicationContextException("Fatal initialization error in servlet with name'" + getServletName() + | |
"': custom WebApplicationContext class \[" + contextClass.getName() + | |
"\] is not of type ConfigurableWebApplicationContext"); | |
} | |
// 通过反射进行初始化 | |
ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac \= | |
(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(contextClass); | |
| |
wac.setEnvironment(getEnvironment()); | |
// 将 RootWebApplicationContext 作为父容器 | |
wac.setParent(parent); | |
String configLocation \= getContextConfigLocation(); | |
if (configLocation != null) {wac.setConfigLocation(configLocation); | |
} | |
// 进行上下文刷新 | |
configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(wac); | |
| |
return wac; | |
} | |
* 调用 FrameworkServlet 的 `configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext` 进行配置和刷新 | |
* 将 ServletContext,ServletConfig,Namespace 赋值到上下文 | |
* 增加 SourceFilteringListener,用于上下文刷新结束调用 AbstractApplicationContext 的 `finishRefresh` 办法,而后调用 AbstractApplicationContext 的 `publishEvent` 公布 ContextRefreshListener,监听器监听刷新结束调用 ContextRefreshListener 的 `onApplicationEvent` 办法,而后进行调用 `FrameworkServlet.this.onApplicationEvent(event)` 用于刷新 Spring MVC 组件的初始化 | |
* 刷新上下文 | |
protected void configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac) {if (ObjectUtils.identityToString(wac).equals(wac.getId())) { | |
// The application context id is still set to its original default value | |
// -> assign a more useful id based on available information | |
if (this.contextId != null) {wac.setId(this.contextId); | |
} | |
else { | |
// Generate default id... | |
wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION\_CONTEXT\_ID\_PREFIX + | |
ObjectUtils.getDisplayString(getServletContext().getContextPath()) + '/' + getServletName()); | |
} | |
} | |
| |
// 将 ServletContext,ServletConfig,Namespace 赋值到上下文 | |
wac.setServletContext(getServletContext()); | |
wac.setServletConfig(getServletConfig()); | |
wac.setNamespace(getNamespace()); | |
// 增加 SourceFilteringListener,用于上下文刷新结束调用 AbstractApplicationContext 的 finishRefresh 办法,而后调用 AbstractApplicationContext 的 publishEvent 公布 ContextRefreshListener,监听器监听刷新结束调用 ContextRefreshListener 的 \`onApplicationEvent\` 办法,而后进行调用 FrameworkServlet.this.onApplicationEvent(event)用于刷新 Spring MVC 组件的初始化 | |
wac.addApplicationListener(new SourceFilteringListener(wac, new ContextRefreshListener())); | |
| |
// The wac environment's #initPropertySources will be called in any case when the context | |
// is refreshed; do it eagerly here to ensure servlet property sources are in place for | |
// use in any post-processing or initialization that occurs below prior to #refresh | |
ConfigurableEnvironment env \= wac.getEnvironment(); | |
if (env instanceof ConfigurableWebEnvironment) {((ConfigurableWebEnvironment) env).initPropertySources(getServletContext(), getServletConfig()); | |
} | |
| |
postProcessWebApplicationContext(wac); | |
applyInitializers(wac); | |
// 刷新上下文 | |
wac.refresh();} | |
* 调用 DispatcherServlet 的 `onRefresh` 办法进行组件初始化 | |
//org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet | |
@Override | |
protected void onRefresh(ApplicationContext context) {initStrategies(context); | |
} | |
* 调用 DispatcherServlet 的 `initStrategies` 初始化组件 | |
//org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet | |
protected void initStrategies(ApplicationContext context) {initMultipartResolver(context); | |
initLocaleResolver(context); | |
initThemeResolver(context); | |
initHandlerMappings(context); | |
initHandlerAdapters(context); | |
initHandlerExceptionResolvers(context); | |
initRequestToViewNameTranslator(context); | |
initViewResolvers(context); | |
initFlashMapManager(context); | |
} | |
- 调用 FrameworkServlet 的
initServletBean
办法进行初始化ServletWebApplicationContext