应用赫赫有名的 ffmpeg,把视频文件切片成 m3u8,并且通过 springboot,能够实现在线的点播。
想法
客户端上传视频到服务器,服务器对视频进行切片后,返回 m3u8,封面等拜访门路。能够在线的播放。
服务器能够对视频做一些简略的解决,例如裁剪,封面的截取工夫。
视频转码文件夹的定义
喜羊羊与灰太狼 // 文件夹名称就是视频题目
|-index.m3u8 // 主 m3u8 文件,外面能够配置多个码率的播放地址
|-poster.jpg // 截取的封面图片
|-ts // 切片目录
|-index.m3u8 // 切片播放索引
|-key // 播放须要解密的 AES KEY
实现
须要先在本机装置 FFmpeg,并且增加到 PATH 环境变量,如果不会先通过搜索引擎找找材料
工程
pom
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.demo</groupId>
<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.4.5</version>
<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<executable>true</executable>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
配置文件
server:
port: 80
app:
# 存储转码视频的文件夹地址
video-folder: "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\tmp"
spring:
servlet:
multipart:
enabled: true
# 不限度文件大小
max-file-size: -1
# 不限度申请体大小
max-request-size: -1
# 长期 IO 目录
location: "${java.io.tmpdir}"
# 不提早解析
resolve-lazily: false
# 超过 1Mb,就 IO 到长期目录
file-size-threshold: 1MB
web:
resources:
static-locations:
- "classpath:/static/"
- "file:${app.video-folder}" # 把视频文件夹目录,增加到动态资源目录列表
TranscodeConfig,用于管制转码的一些参数
package com.demo.ffmpeg;
public class TranscodeConfig {private String poster; // 截取封面的工夫 HH:mm:ss.[SSS]
private String tsSeconds; // ts 分片大小,单位是秒
private String cutStart; // 视频裁剪,开始工夫 HH:mm:ss.[SSS]
private String cutEnd; // 视频裁剪,完结工夫 HH:mm:ss.[SSS]
public String getPoster() {return poster;}
public void setPoster(String poster) {this.poster = poster;}
public String getTsSeconds() {return tsSeconds;}
public void setTsSeconds(String tsSeconds) {this.tsSeconds = tsSeconds;}
public String getCutStart() {return cutStart;}
public void setCutStart(String cutStart) {this.cutStart = cutStart;}
public String getCutEnd() {return cutEnd;}
public void setCutEnd(String cutEnd) {this.cutEnd = cutEnd;}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "TranscodeConfig [poster=" + poster + ", tsSeconds=" + tsSeconds + ", cutStart=" + cutStart + ", cutEnd="
+ cutEnd + "]";
}
}
MediaInfo,封装视频的一些根底信息
package com.demo.ffmpeg;
import java.util.List;
import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;
public class MediaInfo {
public static class Format {@SerializedName("bit_rate")
private String bitRate;
public String getBitRate() {return bitRate;}
public void setBitRate(String bitRate) {this.bitRate = bitRate;}
}
public static class Stream {@SerializedName("index")
private int index;
@SerializedName("codec_name")
private String codecName;
@SerializedName("codec_long_name")
private String codecLongame;
@SerializedName("profile")
private String profile;
}
// ----------------------------------
@SerializedName("streams")
private List<Stream> streams;
@SerializedName("format")
private Format format;
public List<Stream> getStreams() {return streams;}
public void setStreams(List<Stream> streams) {this.streams = streams;}
public Format getFormat() {return format;}
public void setFormat(Format format) {this.format = format;}
}
FFmpegUtils,工具类封装 FFmpeg 的一些操作
package com.demo.ffmpeg;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
public class FFmpegUtils {private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FFmpegUtils.class);
// 跨平台换行符
private static final String LINE_SEPARATOR = System.getProperty("line.separator");
/**
* 生成随机 16 个字节的 AESKEY
* @return
*/
private static byte[] genAesKey () {
try {KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
keyGenerator.init(128);
return keyGenerator.generateKey().getEncoded();
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {return null;}
}
/**
* 在指定的目录下生成 key_info, key 文件,返回 key_info 文件
* @param folder
* @throws IOException
*/
private static Path genKeyInfo(String folder) throws IOException {
// AES 密钥
byte[] aesKey = genAesKey();
// AES 向量
String iv = Hex.encodeHexString(genAesKey());
// key 文件写入
Path keyFile = Paths.get(folder, "key");
Files.write(keyFile, aesKey, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING);
// key_info 文件写入
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
stringBuilder.append("key").append(LINE_SEPARATOR); // m3u8 加载 key 文件网络门路
stringBuilder.append(keyFile.toString()).append(LINE_SEPARATOR); // FFmeg 加载 key_info 文件门路
stringBuilder.append(iv); // ASE 向量
Path keyInfo = Paths.get(folder, "key_info");
Files.write(keyInfo, stringBuilder.toString().getBytes(), StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING);
return keyInfo;
}
/**
* 指定的目录下生成 master index.m3u8 文件
* @param fileName master m3u8 文件地址
* @param indexPath 拜访子 index.m3u8 的门路
* @param bandWidth 流码率
* @throws IOException
*/
private static void genIndex(String file, String indexPath, String bandWidth) throws IOException {StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
stringBuilder.append("#EXTM3U").append(LINE_SEPARATOR);
stringBuilder.append("#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=" + bandWidth).append(LINE_SEPARATOR); // 码率
stringBuilder.append(indexPath);
Files.write(Paths.get(file), stringBuilder.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING);
}
/**
* 转码视频为 m3u8
* @param source 源视频
* @param destFolder 指标文件夹
* @param config 配置信息
* @throws IOException
* @throws InterruptedException
*/
public static void transcodeToM3u8(String source, String destFolder, TranscodeConfig config) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
// 判断源视频是否存在
if (!Files.exists(Paths.get(source))) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("文件不存在:" + source);
}
// 创立工作目录
Path workDir = Paths.get(destFolder, "ts");
Files.createDirectories(workDir);
// 在工作目录生成 KeyInfo 文件
Path keyInfo = genKeyInfo(workDir.toString());
// 构建命令
List<String> commands = new ArrayList<>();
commands.add("ffmpeg");
commands.add("-i") ;commands.add(source); // 源文件
commands.add("-c:v") ;commands.add("libx264"); // 视频编码为 H264
commands.add("-c:a") ;commands.add("copy"); // 音频间接 copy
commands.add("-hls_key_info_file") ;commands.add(keyInfo.toString()); // 指定密钥文件门路
commands.add("-hls_time") ;commands.add(config.getTsSeconds()); // ts 切片大小
commands.add("-hls_playlist_type") ;commands.add("vod"); // 点播模式
commands.add("-hls_segment_filename") ;commands.add("%06d.ts"); // ts 切片文件名称
if (StringUtils.hasText(config.getCutStart())) {commands.add("-ss") ;commands.add(config.getCutStart()); // 开始工夫
}
if (StringUtils.hasText(config.getCutEnd())) {commands.add("-to") ;commands.add(config.getCutEnd()); // 完结工夫
}
commands.add("index.m3u8"); // 生成 m3u8 文件
// 构建过程
Process process = new ProcessBuilder()
.command(commands)
.directory(workDir.toFile())
.start()
;
// 读取过程规范输入
new Thread(() -> {try (BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()))) {
String line = null;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {LOGGER.info(line);
}
} catch (IOException e) {}}).start();
// 读取过程异样输入
new Thread(() -> {try (BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream()))) {
String line = null;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {LOGGER.info(line);
}
} catch (IOException e) {}}).start();
// 阻塞直到工作完结
if (process.waitFor() != 0) {throw new RuntimeException("视频切片异样");
}
// 切出封面
if (!screenShots(source, String.join(File.separator, destFolder, "poster.jpg"), config.getPoster())) {throw new RuntimeException("封面截取异样");
}
// 获取视频信息
MediaInfo mediaInfo = getMediaInfo(source);
if (mediaInfo == null) {throw new RuntimeException("获取媒体信息异样");
}
// 生成 index.m3u8 文件
genIndex(String.join(File.separator, destFolder, "index.m3u8"), "ts/index.m3u8", mediaInfo.getFormat().getBitRate());
// 删除 keyInfo 文件
Files.delete(keyInfo);
}
/**
* 获取视频文件的媒体信息
* @param source
* @return
* @throws IOException
* @throws InterruptedException
*/
public static MediaInfo getMediaInfo(String source) throws IOException, InterruptedException {List<String> commands = new ArrayList<>();
commands.add("ffprobe");
commands.add("-i") ;commands.add(source);
commands.add("-show_format");
commands.add("-show_streams");
commands.add("-print_format") ;commands.add("json");
Process process = new ProcessBuilder(commands)
.start();
MediaInfo mediaInfo = null;
try (BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()))) {mediaInfo = new Gson().fromJson(bufferedReader, MediaInfo.class);
} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();
}
if (process.waitFor() != 0) {return null;}
return mediaInfo;
}
/**
* 截取视频的指定工夫帧,生成图片文件
* @param source 源文件
* @param file 图片文件
* @param time 截图工夫 HH:mm:ss.[SSS]
* @throws IOException
* @throws InterruptedException
*/
public static boolean screenShots(String source, String file, String time) throws IOException, InterruptedException {List<String> commands = new ArrayList<>();
commands.add("ffmpeg");
commands.add("-i") ;commands.add(source);
commands.add("-ss") ;commands.add(time);
commands.add("-y");
commands.add("-q:v") ;commands.add("1");
commands.add("-frames:v") ;commands.add("1");
commands.add("-f"); ;commands.add("image2");
commands.add(file);
Process process = new ProcessBuilder(commands)
.start();
// 读取过程规范输入
new Thread(() -> {try (BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()))) {
String line = null;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {LOGGER.info(line);
}
} catch (IOException e) {}}).start();
// 读取过程异样输入
new Thread(() -> {try (BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream()))) {
String line = null;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {LOGGER.error(line);
}
} catch (IOException e) {}}).start();
return process.waitFor() == 0;}
}
UploadController,执行转码操作
package com.demo.web.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestPart;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import com.demo.ffmpeg.FFmpegUtils;
import com.demo.ffmpeg.TranscodeConfig;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/upload")
public class UploadController {private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UploadController.class);
@Value("${app.video-folder}")
private String videoFolder;
private Path tempDir = Paths.get(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"));
/**
* 上传视频进行切片解决,返回拜访门路
* @param video
* @param transcodeConfig
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
@PostMapping
public Object upload (@RequestPart(name = "file", required = true) MultipartFile video,
@RequestPart(name = "config", required = true) TranscodeConfig transcodeConfig) throws IOException {LOGGER.info("文件信息:title={}, size={}", video.getOriginalFilename(), video.getSize());
LOGGER.info("转码配置:{}", transcodeConfig);
// 原始文件名称,也就是视频的题目
String title = video.getOriginalFilename();
// io 到临时文件
Path tempFile = tempDir.resolve(title);
LOGGER.info("io 到临时文件:{}", tempFile.toString());
try {video.transferTo(tempFile);
// 删除后缀
title = title.substring(0, title.lastIndexOf("."));
// 依照日期生成子目录
String today = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyyMMdd").format(LocalDate.now());
// 尝试创立视频目录
Path targetFolder = Files.createDirectories(Paths.get(videoFolder, today, title));
LOGGER.info("创立文件夹目录:{}", targetFolder);
Files.createDirectories(targetFolder);
// 执行转码操作
LOGGER.info("开始转码");
try {FFmpegUtils.transcodeToM3u8(tempFile.toString(), targetFolder.toString(), transcodeConfig);
} catch (Exception e) {LOGGER.error("转码异样:{}", e.getMessage());
Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<>();
result.put("success", false);
result.put("message", e.getMessage());
return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR).body(result);
}
// 封装后果
Map<String, Object> videoInfo = new HashMap<>();
videoInfo.put("title", title);
videoInfo.put("m3u8", String.join("/", "", today, title,"index.m3u8"));
videoInfo.put("poster", String.join("/", "", today, title,"poster.jpg"));
Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<>();
result.put("success", true);
result.put("data", videoInfo);
return result;
} finally {
// 始终删除临时文件
Files.delete(tempFile);
}
}
}
index.html,客户端
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/hls.js/latest/hls.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
抉择转码文件:<input name="file" type="file" accept="video/*" onchange="upload(event)">
<hr/>
<video id="video" width="500" height="400" controls="controls"></video>
</body>
<script>
const video = document.getElementById('video');
function upload (e){
let files = e.target.files
if (!files) {return}
// TODO 转码配置这里固定死了
var transCodeConfig = {
poster: "00:00:00.001", // 截取第 1 毫秒作为封面
tsSeconds: 15,
cutStart: "",
cutEnd: ""
}
// 执行上传
let formData = new FormData();
formData.append("file", files[0])
formData.append("config", new Blob([JSON.stringify(transCodeConfig)], {type: "application/json; charset=utf-8"}))
fetch('/upload', {
method: 'POST',
body: formData
})
.then(resp => resp.json())
.then(message => {if (message.success){
// 设置封面
video.poster = message.data.poster;
// 渲染到播放器
var hls = new Hls();
hls.loadSource(message.data.m3u8);
hls.attachMedia(video);
} else {alert("转码异样,详情查看控制台");
console.log(message.message);
}
})
.catch(err => {alert("转码异样,详情查看控制台");
throw err
})
}
</script>
</html>
应用
- 在配置文件中,配置到本地视频目录后启动
- 关上页面
localhost
- 点击【抉择文件】,抉择一个视频文件进行上传,期待执行结束(没有做加载动画)
- 后端转码实现后,会主动把视频信息加载到播放器,此时能够手动点击播放按钮进行播放
能够关上控制台,查看上传进度,以及播放时的网络加载信息
首发:https://springboot.io/t/topic/3669