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上一篇文章,咱们紧紧围绕 @SpringBootApplication 引入的注解和类,对 Spring Boot 我的项目的启动过程做了一次剖析。在理论的开发过程中,我的项目的代码毫无疑问是与咱们最为相干的,另外,咱们也不可漠视我的项目日志在咱们日常开发中所起的作用。因而,本文将围绕我的项目的启动日志,对我的项目的启动过程再做一次剖析,以便于咱们更好地了解我的项目的运行逻辑。本系列文章,笔者将会应用较多的笔墨展现代码与日志的互相关联,心愿通过这样的形式,能够缓缓让读者造就起一种代码与日志彼此贯通的思路,以帮忙读者在理论开发过程中,更好地解决所遇到的问题。
上面是我的项目的一次启动日志:
. ____ _ __ _ _
/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
(()\___ | '_ |'_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |) ) ) )
' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
:: Spring Boot :: (v2.7.2)
2022-09-08 08:28:22.964 INFO 54995 --- [main] o.s.springweb.HelloWorldApplication : Starting HelloWorldApplication using Java 11.0.12 on susamludeMac.local with PID 54995 (/Users/susamlu/code/java/spring-web/spring-web-helloworld/target/classes started by susamlu in /Users/susamlu/code/java/spring-web)
2022-09-08 08:28:22.968 INFO 54995 --- [main] o.s.springweb.HelloWorldApplication : No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
2022-09-08 08:28:24.900 INFO 54995 --- [main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2022-09-08 08:28:24.912 INFO 54995 --- [main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service [Tomcat]
2022-09-08 08:28:24.913 INFO 54995 --- [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.65]
2022-09-08 08:28:25.090 INFO 54995 --- [main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2022-09-08 08:28:25.091 INFO 54995 --- [main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1910 ms
2022-09-08 08:28:25.857 INFO 54995 --- [main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
2022-09-08 08:28:25.873 INFO 54995 --- [main] o.s.springweb.HelloWorldApplication : Started HelloWorldApplication in 3.735 seconds (JVM running for 4.41)
SpringApplication 的动态 run() 办法,最终会调用到本身的实例 run() 办法。实例 run() 办法的内容会绝对比较复杂,为了简化其中的逻辑,咱们重点关注 printBanner()、prepareContext()、refreshContext() 几个办法。
public class SpringApplication {
// ...
public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
// ...
Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
// ...
prepareContext(bootstrapContext, context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner);
refreshContext(context);
// ...
}
// ...
}
printBanner
printBanner() 见名知意,是用来打印 Spring Boot 我的项目的 Banner 的:
. ____ _ __ _ _
/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
(()\___ | '_ |'_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |) ) ) )
' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
:: Spring Boot :: (v2.7.2)
SpringApplication 调用 SpringApplicationBannerPrinter 的 print() 办法打印 Banner。
public class SpringApplication {
// ...
private Banner printBanner(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
// ...
SpringApplicationBannerPrinter bannerPrinter = new SpringApplicationBannerPrinter(resourceLoader, this.banner);
// ...
return bannerPrinter.print(environment, this.mainApplicationClass, System.out);
}
// ...
}
SpringApplicationBannerPrinter 优先打印 ImageBanner 或 TextBanner,如果没有设置 ImageBanner 和 TextBanner,则打印 Spring Boot 默认的 Banner。
class SpringApplicationBannerPrinter {
// ...
// TextBanner 的文件名
static final String DEFAULT_BANNER_LOCATION = "banner.txt";
// ImageBanner 反对的后缀格局
static final String[] IMAGE_EXTENSION = {"gif", "jpg", "png"};
// 默认的 Banner
private static final Banner DEFAULT_BANNER = new SpringBootBanner();
// ...
Banner print(Environment environment, Class<?> sourceClass, PrintStream out) {Banner banner = getBanner(environment);
banner.printBanner(environment, sourceClass, out);
return new PrintedBanner(banner, sourceClass);
}
// ...
private Banner getBanner(Environment environment) {Banners banners = new Banners();
// 优先打印 ImageBanner
banners.addIfNotNull(getImageBanner(environment));
// 没有设置 ImageBanner,则优先打印 TextBanner
banners.addIfNotNull(getTextBanner(environment));
if (banners.hasAtLeastOneBanner()) {return banners;}
// ...
// ImageBanner、TextBanner 都没有设置,则打印 Spring Boot 默认的 Banner
return DEFAULT_BANNER;
}
// ...
}
默认的 Banner 值的次要内容由 SpringBootBanner 类的一个常量值定义:
class SpringBootBanner implements Banner {private static final String[] BANNER = {""," . ____ _ __ _ _"," /\\\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \\ \\ \\ \\", "(()\\___ |'_ | '_| |'_ \\/ _` | \\ \\ \\ \\"," \\\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |) ) ) )"," '|____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\\__, | / / / /",
"=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/"};
// ...
}
如果咱们想自定义 Banner,咱们能够在我的项目的 resources 目录下搁置 banner.txt 文件,从而扭转 Banner 的打印。如我的 banner.txt 文件的内容为:
_ __
____ ____ _ (_) / /_ _____ ___
/ __ \ / __ `/ / / / __/ / ___/ / _ \
/ /_/ // /_/ / / / / /_ (__) / __/
/ .___/ \__,_/ /_/ \__/ /____/ \___/
/_/
程序启动后打印的 Banner 信息被批改为:
_ __
____ ____ _ (_) / /_ _____ ___
/ __ \ / __ `/ / / / __/ / ___/ / _ \
/ /_/ // /_/ / / / / /_ (__) / __/
/ .___/ \__,_/ /_/ \__/ /____/ \___/
/_/
prepareContext
prepareContext() 是其中十分重要的一个办法,该办法的作用在上一篇文章中就所有提及。
public class SpringApplication {
// ...
private void prepareContext(/* ... */) {
// ...
logStartupInfo(context.getParent() == null);
logStartupProfileInfo(context);
// ...
}
// ...
}
prepareContext() 通过 logStartupInfo()、logStartupProfileInfo() 两个办法,别离输入上面两句日志:
2022-09-08 08:28:22.964 INFO 54995 --- [main] o.s.springweb.HelloWorldApplication : Starting HelloWorldApplication using Java 11.0.12 on susamludeMac.local with PID 54995 (/Users/susamlu/code/java/spring-web/spring-web-helloworld/target/classes started by susamlu in /Users/susamlu/code/java/spring-web)
2022-09-08 08:28:22.968 INFO 54995 --- [main] o.s.springweb.HelloWorldApplication : No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
refreshContext
refreshContext() 也是其中的外围办法,Tomcat 的启动就产生在该办法的调用过程中。refreshContext() 最终会调用 AbstractApplicationContext 的 refresh() 办法,refresh() 又调用了本身的 onRefresh() 和 finishRefresh() 办法。
public abstract class AbstractApplicationContext extends DefaultResourceLoader
implements ConfigurableApplicationContext {
// ...
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
// ...
onRefresh();
// ...
finishRefresh();
// ...
}
// ...
}
其中 onRefresh() 理论调用的是 ServletWebServerApplicationContext 的 onRefresh() 办法,而后再通过 ServletWebServerFactory 获取 WebServer。
public class ServletWebServerApplicationContext extends GenericWebApplicationContext
implements ConfigurableWebServerApplicationContext {
// ...
protected void onRefresh() {
// ...
createWebServer();
// ...
}
// ...
private void createWebServer() {
// ...
ServletWebServerFactory factory = getWebServerFactory();
// ...
this.webServer = factory.getWebServer(getSelfInitializer());
// ...
}
// ...
}
ServletWebServerFactory 会创立 TomcatWebServer,创立 TomcatWebServer 的时候,它的 initialize() 办法会被主动调用,initialize() 会启动 Tomcat 并输入相干日志。
public class TomcatWebServer implements WebServer {
// ...
private void initialize() throws WebServerException {logger.info("Tomcat initialized with port(s):" + getPortsDescription(false));
// ...
this.tomcat.start();
// ...
}
// ...
}
2022-09-08 08:28:24.900 INFO 54995 --- [main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2022-09-08 08:28:24.912 INFO 54995 --- [main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service [Tomcat]
2022-09-08 08:28:24.913 INFO 54995 --- [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.65]
2022-09-08 08:28:25.090 INFO 54995 --- [main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2022-09-08 08:28:25.091 INFO 54995 --- [main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1910 ms
Tomcat 启动完,onRefresh() 也接着调用实现,再接着 finishRefresh() 会调用 TomcatWebServer 的 start() 办法,输入 Tomcat 启动实现的日志。
public class TomcatWebServer implements WebServer {
// ...
public void start() throws WebServerException {
// ...
logger.info("Tomcat started on port(s):" + getPortsDescription(true) + "with context path'"
+ getContextPath() + "'");
// ...
}
// ...
}
2022-09-08 08:28:25.857 INFO 54995 --- [main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
下面的办法都调用完后,最终又回到了 SpringApplication 的 run() 办法,run() 最初输入利用启动实现的日志。
public class SpringApplication {
// ...
public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
// ...
new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass).logStarted(getApplicationLog(), timeTakenToStartup);
// ...
}
// ...
}
2022-09-08 08:28:25.873 INFO 54995 --- [main] o.s.springweb.HelloWorldApplication : Started HelloWorldApplication in 3.735 seconds (JVM running for 4.41)
整个流程,能够总结为以下一张图:
回顾
上一篇文章,咱们以一张图展现了我的项目启动的流程,本文也同样总结成了一张图,对于这两张图所波及到的过程,它们相互之间的程序是怎么样的呢?
当咱们把这两张图拿来比照,并对照相干的源代码,不难发现,SpringFactoriesLoader 的 loadSpringFactories() 办法是最先被触发的,接着,开始输入 Spring Banner,再接着,开始执行 logStartupInfo()、logStartupProfileInfo() 两个办法。下面办法都执行完之后,接着,SpringApplication 的 load() 办法开始执行,再接着就是配置类和主动配置类的解析。这些都执行完了之后,就开始启动 Tomcat,始终到整个我的项目启动实现。这当中的程序,能够用上面一张图来示意: