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关于spring:阿里面试官小伙子你给我说一下Spring-Bean初始化的几种常规方式吧

jiezi

前言

通过构造方法实例化
通过动态工厂实例化
通过实例工厂实例化
通过 FactoryBean 实例化

RumenzA 实体类

package com.rumenz;
public class RumenzA {

    private String id;
    private String name;
    
    public static RumenzA createRumenzA(){RumenzA rumenzA=new RumenzA();
        rumenzA.setId("123");
        rumenzA.setName("入门小站");
        return rumenzA;
    }
    
    public  RumenzA() {System.out.println("RumenzA 无参构造方法");
    }
    public RumenzA(String id) {
        this.id = id;
        System.out.println("ID 构造方法");
    }
    // set get 省略
}

构造方法

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="rumenz" class="com.rumenz.RumenzA" />
<bean id="rumenz1" class="com.rumenz.RumenzA">
     <constructor-arg name="id" value="1"/>
</bean>
</beans>

DemoApplication.java

package com.rumenz;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class DemoApplication {public static  void main(String[] args) {ClassPathXmlApplicationContext  ca=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        RumenzA rumenzA=(RumenzA)ca.getBean("rumenz");
    }

}

输入

xxx.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'rumenz'
RumenzA 无参构造方法
xxx.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'rumenz1'
ID 构造方法

动态工厂

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

<bean id="rFactory" class="com.rumenz.RumenzFactory" factory-method="rumenzFactory"/>
<bean id="rFactory1" class="com.rumenz.RumenzFactory" factory-method="rumenzFactory">
    <constructor-arg name="id" value="111"/>
</bean>
</beans>

RumenzFactory 工厂类

package com.rumenz;
public class RumenzFactory {
    
    // 静态方法
    public static RumenzA rumenzFactory(){return new RumenzA();
    }
    public static RumenzA rumenzFactory(String id){return new RumenzA(id);
    }

}

DemoApplication.java

package com.rumenz;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class DemoApplication {public static  void main(String[] args) {ClassPathXmlApplicationContext  ca=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
    }

}

输入

xxx.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'rFactory'
RumenzA 无参构造方法
xxx.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'rFactory1'
ID 构造方法

实例工厂实例化

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean  id="rFactory" class="com.rumenz.RumenzFactory" />
    <bean id="rumenz" factory-bean="rFactory" factory-method="rumenzFactory"></bean>
    <bean id="rumenz1" factory-bean="rFactory" factory-method="rumenzFactory">
        <constructor-arg name="id" value="666"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>
</beans>

RumenzFactory.java


package com.rumenz;
public class RumenzFactory {
    // 不能用静态方法
    public  RumenzA rumenzFactory(){return new RumenzA();
    }
    public  RumenzA rumenzFactory(String id){return new RumenzA(id);
    }
}

DemoApplication.java

package com.rumenz;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class DemoApplication {public static  void main(String[] args) {ClassPathXmlApplicationContext  ca=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        //RumenzA rumenzA=(RumenzA)ca.getBean("rFactory1");
    }

}

输入

xxx.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'rumenz'
RumenzA 无参构造方法
xxx.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'rumenz1'
ID 构造方法

通过 FactoryBean 实例化

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
    <bean id="rumenz-by-factoryBean"  class="com.rumenz.RumenzAFactoryBean"/>
</beans>

RumenzAFactoryBean.java

package com.rumenz;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean;

public class RumenzAFactoryBean implements FactoryBean {
    @Override
    public Object getObject() throws Exception {return RumenzA.createRumenzA();
    }
    @Override
    public Class<?> getObjectType() {return RumenzA.class;}
}

DemoApplication.java

package com.rumenz;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class DemoApplication {public static  void main(String[] args) {ClassPathXmlApplicationContext  ca=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        RumenzA rumenzA=(RumenzA)ca.getBean("rumenz-by-factoryBean");
    }

}

输入 / 异步加载 bean

xxx.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'rumenz-by-factoryBean'
RumenzA 无参构造方法

最初

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