关于rabbitmq:RabbitMQ二RabbitMQ整合SpringBoot

新建我的项目


pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.4.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>cn.tedu</groupId>
    <artifactId>rabbitmq-springboot</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>rabbitmq-springboot</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-rabbit-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

application.yml

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 192.168.64.140
    username: admin
    password: admin

主程序

删除主动创立的主程序

咱们为每种模式创立一个包,在每个包中创立各自的主程序,独自测试.

简略模式

主程序

Spring提供的Queue类,是队列的封装对象,它封装了队列的参数信息.

RabbitMQ的主动配置类,会发现这些Queue实例,并在RabbitMQ服务器中定义这些队列.

package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m1;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Main {
    @Autowired
    private Producer producer;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Main.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue helloworldQueue(){
        /**
         * 可用以下模式:
         * new Queue("helloworld") - 默认属性:长久(true),非排他(false),非主动删除(false)
         * new Queue("helloworld",false,false,false,null)
         */
        return new Queue("helloworld",false);//返回一个非长久队列
    }

    /**
     *@PostConstruct 办法会被主动执行,spring扫描创立了所有对象,并实现所有注入操作后会执行
     */
    @PostConstruct
    public void test(){
        producer.send();
        System.out.println("音讯曾经发送");
    }
}

生产者

AmqpTemplate是rabbitmq客户端API的一个封装工具,提供了简便的办法来执行音讯操作.

AmqpTemplate由主动配置类主动创立

package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m1;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Producer {
    // 在RabbtiAutoConfiguration 主动配置类中创立的工具对象
    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    public void send(){
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("helloworld", "Hello world!");
    }
}

消费者

通过@RabbitListener从指定的队列接管音讯
应用@RebbitHandler注解的办法来解决音讯

package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m1;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
//@RabbitListener(queues = "helloworld")//这样应用须要用@RabbitHandler配合应用
public class Consumer {
    //@RabbitHandler//这样只能接管一个队列的音讯,简略模式
 @RabbitListener(queues = "helloworld")//这种用法能够写多个办法接管多个队列,工厂模式
 public void receive(String msg){
        System.out.println("收到: " + msg);
 }
}

工作模式

主程序

在主程序中创立名为task_queue长久队列

package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m2;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;

/**
 * 正当散发
 *      1.手动ack - springboot整合后默认就是手动ack模式
 *                  消费者办法执行胜利后,springboot会帮忙发送回执
 *      2.qos=1 - yml中配置prefetch
 * 长久化
 *      1.队列长久化
 *      2.音讯长久化 - 默认是长久音讯
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class Main {
    @Autowired
    private Producer producer;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Main.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue taskQueue(){
        /**
         * 可用以下模式:
         * new Queue("helloworld") - 默认属性:长久(true),非排他(false),非主动删除(false)
         * new Queue("helloworld",false,false,false,null)
         */
        return new Queue("task_queue",true);//返回一个长久队列
    }

    /**
     *@PostConstruct 办法会被主动执行,spring扫描创立了所有对象,并实现所有注入操作后会执行
     */
    @PostConstruct
    public void test(){
        producer.send();
    }
}

生产者

package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m2;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Scanner;

@Component
public class Producer {
    // 在RabbtiAutoConfiguration 主动配置类中创立的工具对象
    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    public void send(){
//        new Thread(new Runnable() {
//            @Override
//            public void run() {
//
//            }
//        }).start();

        // lambda.匿名外部类的简写
        new Thread(() ->{
            while (true){//用独自的线程执行,不要影响主线程
                System.out.println("输出音讯: ");
                String msg = new Scanner(System.in).nextLine();
                amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("task_queue",msg);
            }
        }).start();


    }
}

spring boot封装的 rabbitmq api 中, 发送的音讯默认是长久化音讯.
如果心愿发送非长久化音讯, 须要在发送音讯时做以下设置:

  • 应用 MessagePostProcessor 前置处理器参数
  • 从音讯中获取音讯的属性对象
  • 在属性中把 DeliveryMode 设置为非长久化
 //如果须要设置音讯为非长久化,能够获得音讯的属性对象,批改它的deliveryMode属性
    t.convertAndSend("task_queue", (Object) s, new MessagePostProcessor() {
        @Override
        public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws AmqpException {
            MessageProperties props = message.getMessageProperties();
            props.setDeliveryMode(MessageDeliveryMode.NON_PERSISTENT);
            return message;
        }
    });

消费者

package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m2;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Consumer {

    @RabbitListener(queues = "task_queue")
    public void receive1(String msg){
        System.out.println("消费者1-收到: " + msg);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = "task_queue")
    public void receive2(String msg){
        System.out.println("消费者2-收到: " + msg);
    }
}

ack模式

在 spring boot 中提供了三种确认模式:

  • NONE – 应用rabbitmq的主动确认
  • AUTO – 应用rabbitmq的手动确认, springboot会主动发送确认回执 (默认)
  • MANUAL – 应用rabbitmq的手动确认, 且必须手动执行确认操作

默认的 AUTO 模式中, 解决音讯的办法抛出异样, 则示意音讯没有被正确处理, 该音讯会被从新发送.

设置 ack 模式

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    listener:
      simple:
        # acknowledgeMode: NONE # rabbitmq的主动确认
        acknowledgeMode: AUTO # rabbitmq的手动确认, springboot会主动发送确认回执 (默认)
        # acknowledgeMode: MANUAL # rabbitmq的手动确认, springboot不发送回执, 必须本人编码

手动执行确认操作

如果设置为 MANUAL 模式,必须手动执行确认操作

 @RabbitListener(queues="task_queue")
    public void receive1(String s, Channel c, @Header(name=AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG) long tag) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("receiver1 - 收到: "+s);
        // 手动发送确认回执
        c.basicAck(tag, false);
    }

抓取数量

工作模式中, 为了正当地散发数据, 须要将 qos 设置成 1, 每次只接管一条音讯, 解决实现后才接管下一条音讯.

spring boot 中是通过 prefetch 属性进行设置, 改属性的默认值是 250.

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    listener:
      simple:
        prefetch: 1 # qos=1, 默认250

公布和订阅模式

主程序

创立 FanoutExcnahge 实例, 封装 fanout 类型交换机定义信息.

spring boot 的主动配置类会主动发现交换机实例, 并在 RabbitMQ 服务器中定义该交换机.

package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m3;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.FanoutExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;


@SpringBootApplication
public class Main {
    @Autowired
    private Producer producer;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Main.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public FanoutExchange logsExchange(){
        return new FanoutExchange("logs",false,false);//非长久,不主动删除
    }

    @PostConstruct
    public void test(){
        producer.send();
    }

}

生产者

生产者向指定的交换机 logs 发送数据.

不须要指定队列名或路由键, 即便指定也有效, 因为 fanout 替换机会向所有绑定的队列发送数据, 而不是有抉择的发送.

package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m3;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Scanner;

@Component
public class Producer {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    public void send(){

        new Thread(() ->{
            while (true){
                System.out.println("输出音讯: ");
                String msg = new Scanner(System.in).nextLine();
                amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("logs","",msg);//向交换机发送音讯
            }
        }).start();
    }
}

消费者

消费者须要执行以下操作:

  1. 定义随机队列(随机命名,非长久,排他,主动删除)
  2. 定义交换机(能够省略, 已在主程序中定义)
  3. 将队列绑定到交换机

spring boot 通过注解实现以上操作:

@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding( //这里进行绑定设置
    value = @Queue, //这里定义随机队列,默认属性: 随机命名,非长久,排他,主动删除
    exchange = @Exchange(name = "logs", declare = "false") //指定 logs 交换机,因为主程序中曾经定义,这里不进行定义
))
package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m3;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Consumer {
    //1.创立随机队列 2,指定交换机logs 3.绑定
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(),//队列,随即名,非长久,独占,主动删除队列
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "logs",declare = "false")//交换机,declare示意不定义交换机,只是应用
    ))
    public void receive1(String msg){
        System.out.println("消费者1-收到: " + msg);
    }

    //1.创立随机队列 2,指定交换机logs 3.绑定
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(),//队列,随即名,非长久,独占,主动删除队列
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "logs",declare = "false")//交换机,declare(false)示意不定义交换机,只是应用
    ))
    public void receive2(String msg){
        System.out.println("消费者2-收到: " + msg);
    }
}

路由模式

与公布和订阅模式代码相似, 只是做以下三点调整:

  1. 应用 direct 交换机
  2. 队列和交换机绑定时, 设置绑定键
  3. 发送音讯时, 指定路由键

主程序

主程序中应用 DirectExcnahge 对象封装交换机信息, spring boot 主动配置类会主动发现这个对象, 并在 RabbitMQ 服务器上定义这个交换机.

package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m4;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.FanoutExchange;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;


@SpringBootApplication
public class Main {
    @Autowired
    private Producer producer;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Main.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public DirectExchange directExchange(){

        return new DirectExchange("direct_logs",false,false);//非长久,不主动删除
    }

    @PostConstruct
    public void test(){
        producer.send();
    }
}

生产者

生产者向指定的交换机发送音讯, 并指定路由键.

package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m4;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Scanner;

@Component
public class Producer {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    public void send(){

        new Thread(() ->{
            while (true){
                System.out.println("输出音讯: ");
                String msg = new Scanner(System.in).nextLine();
                System.out.println("输出路由键: ");
                String key = new Scanner(System.in).nextLine();
                amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("direct_logs",key,msg);
            }
        }).start();
    }
}

消费者

消费者通过注解来定义随机队列, 绑定到交换机, 并指定绑定键:

@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding( // 这里做绑定设置
    value = @Queue, // 定义队列, 随机命名,非长久,排他,主动删除
    exchange = @Exchange(name = "direct_logs", declare = "false"), // 指定绑定的交换机,主程序中曾经定义过队列,这里不进行定义
    key = {"error","info","warning"} // 设置绑定键
))
package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m4;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Consumer {
    //1.创立随机队列 2,指定交换机logs 3.绑定
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(),//队列,随即名,非长久,独占,主动删除队列
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "direct_logs",declare = "false"),//交换机,declare示意不定义交换机,只是应用
            key = {"error"} //设置绑定键
    ))
    public void receive1(String msg){
        System.out.println("消费者1-收到: " + msg);
    }

    //1.创立随机队列 2,指定交换机logs 3.绑定
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(),//队列,随即名,非长久,独占,主动删除队列
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "direct_logs",declare = "false"),//交换机,declare(false)示意不定义交换机,只是应用
            key = {"error","info","warning"} //设置绑定键
    ))
    public void receive2(String msg){
        System.out.println("消费者2-收到: " + msg);
    }
}

主题模式

主题模式不过是具备非凡规定的路由模式, 代码与路由模式基本相同, 只做如下调整:

  1. 应用 topic 交换机
  2. 应用非凡的绑定键和路由键规定

主程序

package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m5;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;


@SpringBootApplication
public class Main {
    @Autowired
    private Producer producer;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Main.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public TopicExchange directExchange(){

        return new TopicExchange("topic_logs",false,false);//非长久,不主动删除
    }

    @PostConstruct
    public void test(){
        producer.send();
    }
}

生产者

package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m5;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Scanner;

@Component
public class Producer {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    public void send(){

        new Thread(() ->{
            while (true){
                System.out.println("输出音讯: ");
                String msg = new Scanner(System.in).nextLine();
                System.out.println("输出路由键: ");
                String key = new Scanner(System.in).nextLine();
                amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("topic_logs",key,msg);
            }
        }).start();
    }
}

消费者

package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m5;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Consumer {
    //1.创立随机队列 2,指定交换机logs 3.绑定
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(),//队列,随即名,非长久,独占,主动删除队列
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "topic_logs",declare = "false"),//交换机,declare示意不定义交换机,只是应用
            key = {"*.orange.*"} //设置绑定键
    ))
    public void receive1(String msg){
        System.out.println("消费者1-收到: " + msg);
    }

    //1.创立随机队列 2,指定交换机logs 3.绑定
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(),//队列,随即名,非长久,独占,主动删除队列
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "topic_logs",declare = "false"),//交换机,declare(false)示意不定义交换机,只是应用
            key = {"*.*.rabbit","lazy.#"} //设置绑定键
    ))
    public void receive2(String msg){
        System.out.println("消费者2-收到: " + msg);
    }
}

RPC异步调用

主程序

主程序中定义两个队列

  • 发送调用信息的队列: rpc_queue
  • 返回后果的队列: 随机命名
package cn.tedu.m6;

import java.util.UUID;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Main.class, args);
    }
    @Bean
    public Queue sendQueue() {
        return new Queue("rpc_queue",false);
    }
    @Bean
    public Queue rndQueue() {
        return new Queue(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), false);
    }
}

服务端

rpc_queue接管调用数据, 执行运算求斐波那契数,并返回计算结果.
@Rabbitlistener注解对于具备返回值的办法:

  • 会主动获取 replyTo 属性
  • 主动获取 correlationId 属性
  • replyTo 属性指定的队列发送计算结果, 并携带 correlationId 属性
package cn.tedu.m6;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class RpcServer {
    @RabbitListener(queues = "rpc_queue")
    public long getFbnq(int n) {
        return f(n);
    }

    private long f(int n) {
        if (n==1 || n==2) {
            return 1;
        }
        return f(n-1) + f(n-2);
    }
}

客户端

应用 SPEL 表达式获取随机队列名: "#{rndQueue.name}"

发送调用数据时, 携带随机队列名和correlationId

从随机队列接管调用后果, 并获取correlationId

package cn.tedu.m6;

import java.util.UUID;

import org.springframework.amqp.AmqpException;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessagePostProcessor;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageProperties;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.AmqpHeaders;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Header;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class RpcClient {
    @Autowired
    AmqpTemplate t;
    
    @Value("#{rndQueue.name}")
    String rndQueue;
    
    public void send(int n) {
        // 发送调用信息时, 通过前置音讯处理器, 对音讯属性进行设置, 增加返回队列名和关联id
        t.convertAndSend("rpc_queue", (Object)n, new MessagePostProcessor() {
            @Override
            public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws AmqpException {
                MessageProperties p = message.getMessageProperties();
                p.setReplyTo(rndQueue);
                p.setCorrelationId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
                return message;
            }
        });
    }
    
    //从随机队列接管计算结果
    @RabbitListener(queues = "#{rndQueue.name}")
    public void receive(long r, @Header(name=AmqpHeaders.CORRELATION_ID) String correlationId) {
        System.out.println("nn"+correlationId+" - 收到: "+r);
    }
    
}

评论

发表回复

您的邮箱地址不会被公开。 必填项已用 * 标注

这个站点使用 Akismet 来减少垃圾评论。了解你的评论数据如何被处理