关于区块链开发:区块链钱包系统开发技术及源码分析

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在日常生活中，大家都会买个钱包用于寄存咱们日常应用发行的纸币，那数字资产世界的钱包是怎么样的呢？

对于数字资产世界里而言，钱包就是一个密钥 (蕴含私钥和公钥) 的治理容器。用户用私钥来签名交易, 从而证实该用户领有交易的输入权限，其交易信息并不是存储在该钱包内，而是贮存在区块链中。

区块链数字钱包零碎能对比特币、以太坊等多种支流的数字货币进行对立的治理与存储，也就是说所有货币都能装到一个钱包来进行治理，这样大大的升高了数字货币的应用门槛和管理负担，应用起来也更加灵便不便。

一个钱包通常次要蕴含的性能有：
账号治理（次要是私钥的治理）：创立账号、账号导入导出
账号信息展现：如以太币余额、Token（代币）余额。
转账性能：发送以太币及发送 Token（代币）

区块链钱包开发源码示例：

钱包文件
保留私钥和转账记录
Wallet containing 0.01 BTC (spendable: 0.01 BTC) in:
0 pending transactions
1 unspent transactions
0 spent transactions
0 dead transactionsLast seen best block: 1384907 (2018-08-22T03:38:42Z): 0000000000000030fe01a48a7cd6b0c52909a7d019084d195ae3ebd2889c82ec
Keys:Earliest creation time: 2018-08-20T07:51:29ZSeed birthday: 1534751489 [2018-08-20T07:51:29Z]Key to watch: tpubD92y4mcSrbcSxANfCgiWx7h7sGquSF4ogNPcUxC2GECSwgWBMNPMo2C8nxez2ngvSS4UfaGhSunemWoqZ6aAAzLb4WLsmQxDirfFgE9tG5J
addr:mq5gdvJDuDEmNKFPbgMn8pGm3pyJvkSsHv hash160:68e9c9e06890527cd0f0b59d83333502ac127bef (M/0H/0/0)

UNSPENT:0.01 BTC total value (sends 0.00 BTC and receives 0.01 BTC)
confidence: Seen by 7 peers (most recently: 2018-08-22T03:33:33Z). Appeared in best chain at height 1384907, depth 1. Source: NETWORK
a82c35c2133bd357bfa462f82d75b28787afcdcd20c8b89cd2b78f48138d6e9f
updated: 2018-08-22T03:31:53Z

 in   PUSHDATA(71)[304402205d3e0974b4604b92e09f83950b183100bd47243c9cb548f2213a9ca26e83bdd3022018278c7ce9b65982e6c67ba9acf8e6e3898f1dad80702bb1e32c4a0b61195e0f01] PUSHDATA(33)[02f8769ecddd821cc9b75c554978b4a674df28c098e640fd0188b88bf019bc31fa]
      outpoint:8294b8dcf6513ab13321d4dd1642bf1c19600a313bf1ebe8511521dcd4dd0277:0
 out  DUP HASH160 PUSHDATA(20)[8843beff2291c5a00aa00fbd8a541f800c83b86d] EQUALVERIFY CHECKSIG 1.1899548 BTC
 out  DUP HASH160 PUSHDATA(20)[68e9c9e06890527cd0f0b59d83333502ac127bef] EQUALVERIFY CHECKSIG 0.01 BTC
 prps UNKNOWN
 ##  ##

获取钱包地址
//Utils.java
public static byte[] sha256hash160(byte[] input) {

byte[] sha256 = Sha256Hash.hash(input);
RIPEMD160Digest digest = new RIPEMD160Digest();
digest.update(sha256, 0, sha256.length);
byte[] out = new byte[20];
digest.doFinal(out, 0);
return out;

}

从文件中加载钱包
// 读取钱包文件
File walletFile = activity.getFileStreamPath(“wallet-protobuf”);
if (walletFile.exists()) {

InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(walletFile);
// 反序列化
wallet  = new WalletProtobufSerializer().readWallet(inputStream);
// 设置主动保留
wallet.autosaveToFile(walletFile, 3 * 1000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, null);
// 清理钱包
wallet.cleanup();

}
通过助记词创立钱包

File destination = new File(walletDir, walletFileName);
objectMapper.writeValue(destination, wallet);
// 创立助记词
public List<String> createMnemonics() throws MnemonicException.MnemonicLengthException {

SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom();
byte[] entropy = new byte[DeterministicSeed.DEFAULT_SEED_ENTROPY_BITS / 8];
secureRandom.nextBytes(entropy);
return  MnemonicCode.INSTANCE.toMnemonic(entropy);

}

//m / 44′ / 60′ / 0′ / 0
//Hardened 意思就是派生加固，避免获取到一个子私钥之后能够派生出前面的子私钥
// 必须还有上一级的父私钥能力派生
public static final ImmutableList<ChildNumber> BIP44_ETH_ACCOUNT_ZERO_PATH =

    ImmutableList.of(new ChildNumber(44, true), new ChildNumber(60, true),
            ChildNumber.ZERO_HARDENED, ChildNumber.ZERO);

// 通过助记词生成 HD 钱包
public void onCreateWallet(View view) {

byte[] seed = MnemonicCode.toSeed(words, "");
DeterministicKey masterPrivateKey = HDKeyDerivation.createMasterPrivateKey(seed);
DeterministicHierarchy deterministicHierarchy = new DeterministicHierarchy(masterPrivateKey);
// m / 44'/ 60' / 0' / 0 / 0
DeterministicKey deterministicKey = deterministicHierarchy
        .deriveChild(BIP44_ETH_ACCOUNT_ZERO_PATH, false, true, new ChildNumber(0));
byte[] bytes = deterministicKey.getPrivKeyBytes();
ECKeyPair keyPair = ECKeyPair.create(bytes);
try {WalletFile walletFile = Wallet.createLight(PASSWORD, keyPair);
    String address = walletFile.getAddress();
    mAddress.setText("0x" + address);
} catch (CipherException e) {e.printStackTrace();
}

}

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