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关于qt:交叉编译-Qt5-armv8aarch64-with-WebEngine-NVIDIA-JETSON-TX2

jiezi

本文写于 2020 年初，实现 armv8 下穿插编译 webengine，备份转载于此 原文链接

我的平台：On Windows10 WSL2 Debian
（注：Ubuntu <= 16.04 会呈现 libclang < 3.8 的问题）

下载源码

为防止网络问题，先装置一个下载工具，应用 aria2 能够断点持续下载

sudo apt install aria2

而后 cd 到一个工作目录
Qt 5.12.5 源码

aria2c https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/qt/official_releases/qt/5.12/5.12.5/single/qt-everywhere-src-5.12.5.tar.xz
tar xf qt-everywhere-src-5.12.5.tar.xz

穿插编译工具 Linaro GCC

aria2c https://releases.linaro.org/components/toolchain/binaries/latest-5/aarch64-linux-gnu/gcc-linaro-5.5.0-2017.10-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar.xz
tar xf gcc-linaro-5.5.0-2017.10-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar.xz

在指标平台装置依赖

库

sudo apt-get install '.*libxcb.*' libxrender-dev libxi-dev \
    libfontconfig1-dev libudev-dev libxkbcommon-dev \
    libxkbcommon-x11-dev libc6-dev-arm64-cross libnss3-dev libicu-dev \
    libdbus-1-dev

GLES 和 EGL

mkdir /home/nvidia/GLES
cd /home/nvidia/GLES
apt-get download libgles2-mesa-dev
ar x libgles2*.deb
tar -xvf data.tar.xz
mkdir /home/nvidia/EGL
cd /home/nvidia/EGL
apt-get download libegl1-mesa-dev
ar x libegl1*.deb
tar -xvf data.tar.xz
cd /home/nvidia/GLES/usr/include
sudo cp -r GLES2 GLES3 /usr/include
cd /home/nvidia/EGL/usr/include
sudo cp -r EGL KHR /usr/include

在本机装置依赖

sudo apt-get install -y 'libxcb.*' \
    libx11-xcb-dev libglu1-mesa-dev \
    libxrender-dev libxi-dev libinput* \
    mtdev* mesa-utils \
    mesa-utils-extra libgles2-mesa-dev ninja-build \
    git rsync pkg-config gcc g++

ps:

以上依赖可能不全，如果 confugre 后提醒 xxx 找不到，例如 xxx 找不到

通常能够间接 apt install libxxx-dev

有的库可能带有版本号，例如 libnss3-dev, 能够应用 apt search xxx 搜寻

装置后从新来一遍上面的全部内容

从指标平台拷贝依赖

这里的 ip 换成本人的 ip

rsync -avz -e ssh nvidia@192.168.12.232:/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu lib
rsync -avz -e ssh nvidia@192.168.12.232:/usr/include usr
rsync -avz -e ssh nvidia@192.168.12.232:/usr/lib usr
rsync -avz -e ssh nvidia@192.168.12.232:/usr/libaarch64-linux-gnu usr
rsync -avz -e ssh nvidia@192.168.12.232:/usr/aarch64-linux-gnu usr

因为有一些依赖实际上是一个 symbol link，所以要替换门路

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/riscv/riscv-poky/master/scripts/sysroot-relativelinks.py
chmod +x sysroot-relativelinks.py
./sysroot-relativelinks.py PATH_TO_YOUR_DIR

如果链接不到 raw.githubusercontent.com 建一个 python 脚本mkdir sysroot-relativelinks.py && chomod +x sysroot-relativelinks.py && vim sysroot-relativelinks.py:

#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
import os

# Take a sysroot directory and turn all the abolute symlinks and turn them into
# relative ones such that the sysroot is usable within another system.

if len(sys.argv) != 2:
    print("Usage is" + sys.argv[0] + "<directory>")
    sys.exit(1)

topdir = sys.argv[1]
topdir = os.path.abspath(topdir)

def handlelink(filep, subdir):
    link = os.readlink(filep)
    if link[0] != "/":
        return
    if link.startswith(topdir):
        return
    #print("Replacing %s with %s for %s" % (link, topdir+link, filep))
    print("Replacing %s with %s for %s" % (link, os.path.relpath(topdir+link, subdir), filep))
    os.unlink(filep)
    os.symlink(os.path.relpath(topdir+link, subdir), filep)

for subdir, dirs, files in os.walk(topdir):
    for f in files:
        filep = os.path.join(subdir, f)
        if os.path.islink(filep):
            #print("Considering %s" % filep)
            handlelink(filep, subdir)

运行 ./sysroot-relativelinks.py PATH_TO_YOUR_DIR

还要替换一个.a 的库

ln -sf $PWD/usr/aarch64-linux-gnu/lib/libm.a $PWD/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libm.a

编译

批改 Qt make 时 include 和 lib 的查找程序

vim qt-everywhere-src-5.12.5/qtbase/mkspecs/devices/linux-jetson-tx1-g++/qmake.conf

正文掉 /usr/include

QMAKE_INCDIR_POST += \
#   $$[QT_SYSROOT]/usr/include \
    $$[QT_SYSROOT]/usr/include/aarch64-linux-gnu

调整 LIBDIR 和 RPATHLIBKDIR 的程序，把 /usr/lib/aarch64 结尾的放到 /usr/lib 的后面

QMAKE_LIBDIR_POST += \
    $$[QT_SYSROOT]/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu \
    $$[QT_SYSROOT]/usr/lib \
    $$[QT_SYSROOT]/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu

QMAKE_RPATHLINKDIR_POST += \
    $$[QT_SYSROOT]/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/tegra \
    $$[QT_SYSROOT]/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu \
    $$[QT_SYSROOT]/usr/lib \
    $$[QT_SYSROOT]/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu

替换上面的 CROSS_COMPILE 门路为本人的 gcc-linaro 门路

prefix 为装置门路(这个目录是应用穿插编译后的程序主动寻找的 QT_DIR 目录，当然会被环境变量笼罩)

extprefix 为编译后指标主机 Qt 的门路

hostprefix 为编译进去的穿插编译工具的门路

sysroot 为刚刚同步库文件的目录

cd qt-everywhere-src-5.12.5
./configure -shared -c++std c++14 \
 -opensource -release --confirm-license -pkg-config \
 -no-use-gold-linker \
 -device linux-jetson-tx1-g++ \
 -device-option CROSS_COMPILE=/home/linger/crossbuild/gcc-linaro-5.5.0-2017.10-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu- \
 -sysroot /home/linger/crossbuild \
 -nomake examples -nomake tests \
 -prefix /home/linger/crossbuild/JetsonTX2/qt5 \
 -extprefix /home/linger/crossbuild/JetsonTX2/qt5 \
 -hostprefix /home/linger/crossbuild/JetsonTX2/qt5-host \
 -opengl es2 \
 -pch \
 -skip qtwayland \
 -skip qtscript \
 -skip qtandroidextras \
 -skip qtdoc \
 -skip qtremoteobjects \
 -skip qtlocation \
 -make libs \
 -no-gbm \
 -no-glib \
 -qt-libpng \
 -qt-libjpeg \
 -qt-harfbuzz \
 -qt-freetype \
 -qt-xcb

config 实现后应没有 warning 和 error，如果有依赖问题装置好依赖后删除 config.cache 从新 configure

如果提醒 dbus 有问题，在确认装置好 libdbus-1-dev 后
批改 DEPS/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig/dbus-1.pc
在 Libs 前面增加 -lpthread -lsystemd

编译装置

ps:

编译前确保 (free -m) 本人的内存 +swap 大于 16G, 否则会在编译 chrominm 时挂掉

Linux swapfile 10G, count 为大小, 目录地位没有限度，btrfs 在 kernel 5.0 前不反对 native swap

cd /var
sudo mkdir swap
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1024 count=1024000
sudo mkswap swapfile
# 开启
sudo swapon /var/swapfile
# 敞开
sudo swapoff /var/swapfile

编译

make -j4
make install

如果编译过程中提醒找不到 gn

# 须要代理：git clone https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/tools/depot_tools.git
# 镜像：git clone https://source.codeaurora.org/quic/lc/chromium/tools/depot_tools
export PATH=$PATH:PATH_TO_YOUR_depot_tools

装置

cd JetsonTX2
scp -r qt5 nvidia@192.168.12.232:/usr/local

增加环境变量

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/qt5/lib
export QT_PLUGIN_PATH=/usr/local/qt5/plugins
export QML_IMPORT_PATH=/usr/local/qt5/qml
export QML2_IMPORT_PATH=/usr/local/qt5/qml
export QT5_DIR=/usr/local/qt5

编译带 WebEngine 的程序须要把 webegnineprocess 和依赖带到程序目录下

qt-everywhere-src-5.12.5/qtwebengine/src/core/release下的 qtwebengine_locales 文件夹、qtwebengine_resources_结尾的.pak 文件、icudtl.dat

如果提醒：
ERROR:zygote_host_impl_linux.cc(88)] Running as root without --no-sandbox is not supported. See https://crbug.com/638180.

切换到非 root 用户或禁用 Sandbox：export QTWEBENGINE_DISABLE_SANDBOX=1

参考链接：

  1. QtWebBrowser fails to launch with QtLauncher Demo
  2. Cross-Compile the Qt Libraries for Nvidia® Jetson TX2 and Set the QtCreator Environment
  3. Windows 下定制编译 QtWebEngine
  4. https://github.com/riscv/riscv-poky
  5. https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/configure-options.html
  6. https://forum.qt.io/topic/99978/a-suitable-version-of-nss-could-not-be-found-cross-compile-raspberry-pi3-qt5-10-1
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