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关于前端:从-CDK-Tree-源码学习如何开发一个UI无关的-Tree-组件

Angular CDK 是一个 Angular 组件开发工具箱,也是 Material UI 组件库 (Angular) 的底层基座,是其 UI 无关或弱 UI 的局部(tree-control 是真正 UI 无关的外围)。

CDK 尽管是 Material UI 组件库的依赖,但它并不与 Material UI 组件库有耦合,咱们能够独立应用 CDK,咱们的 Ng DevUI 组件库就有应用到 CDK Scrolling 和 CDK Overlay 等能力。

1 先用起来

  1. 装置 cdk:npm i @angular/cdk
  2. 导入 cdk tree 模块import {CdkTreeModule} from '@angular/cdk/tree'
  3. 应用 cdk-tree 组件
<cdk-tree [dataSource]="dataSource" [treeControl]="treeControl">
  <cdk-tree-node
    *cdkTreeNodeDef="let node" cdkTreeNodePadding
    [style.display]="shouldRender(node) ?'flex':'none'"class="example-tree-node"
  >
    {{node.label}}
  </cdk-tree-node>

  <cdk-tree-node
    *cdkTreeNodeDef="let node; when hasChild" cdkTreeNodePadding
    [style.display]="shouldRender(node) ?'flex':'none'"class="example-tree-node"
  >
    <button
      cdkTreeNodeToggle
      (click)="node.isExpanded = !node.isExpanded"
    >
      {{treeControl.isExpanded(node) ? '收起' : '开展'}}
    </button>

    {{node.label}}
  </cdk-tree-node>
</cdk-tree>
import {Component} from '@angular/core';
import {FlatTreeControl} from '@angular/cdk/tree';

interface ExampleBaseNode {
  label: string;
  level: number;
  isExpanded?: boolean;
  isExpanded?: boolean;
}

const TREE_DATA: ExampleBaseNode[] = [{ label: 'Fruit', expandable: true, level: 0},
  {label: 'Apple', expandable: false, level: 1},
  {label: 'Vegetables', expandable: false, level: 0},
];

@Component({
  selector: 'app-tree-base-demo',
  templateUrl: './tree-base-demo.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./tree-base-demo.component.scss']
})
export class TreeBaseDemoComponent {
  // 树控制器,必选
  treeControl = new FlatTreeControl<ExampleBaseNode>(
    node => node.level,
    node => node.expandable,
  );

  // 数据源,不传没法显示内容
  dataSource = TREE_DATA;

  // 判断是否显示开展 / 收起按钮
  hasChild = (_: number, node: ExampleBaseNode) => node.expandable;

  // 判断是否显示节点(折叠状态不显示)shouldRender(node: ExampleBaseNode) {let parent = this.getParentNode(node);
    while (parent) {if (!parent.isExpanded) {return false;}
      parent = this.getParentNode(parent);
    }
    return true;
  }

  // 工具办法,获取父节点
  getParentNode(node: ExampleBaseNode) {const nodeIndex = TREE_DATA.indexOf(node);

    for (let i = nodeIndex - 1; i >= 0; i--) {if (TREE_DATA[i].level === node.level - 1) {return TREE_DATA[i];
      }
    }

    return null;
  }

}
.example-tree-node {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

成果如下:

2 源码构造

cdk/tree
├── control // TreeControl
|  ├── base-tree-control.ts // 抽象类
|  ├── flat-tree-control.ts // 扁平树
|  ├── nested-tree-control.ts // 嵌套树
|  └── tree-control.ts // 接口
├── index.ts
├── nested-node.ts // 嵌套树节点
├── node.ts // 树节点组件
├── outlet.ts // 节点进口
├── padding.ts // 节点 padding
├── public-api.ts // 对外裸露的 api
├── toggle.ts // 节点开展 / 收起
├── tree-errors.ts // 谬误日志
├── tree-module.ts // 入口模块
└── tree.ts // 树组件

3 tree 组件源码解析

Tree组件最外围的性能:

  • 渲染层级构造
  • 开展 / 收起子节点

CdkTree外围源码剖析步骤:

  • 先看极简 demo 的组成
  • 从外到内做整体剖析
  • 再做要害模块剖析

3.1 极简 demo 的组成

  • <cdk-tree>组件
  • <cdk-tree-node>组件
  • cdkTreeNodeDef指令
  • cdkTreeNodePadding指令
  • cdkTreeNodeToggle指令
  • dataSource数据结构
  • treeControl控制器
  • shouldRender办法
  • hasChild办法
<cdk-tree [dataSource]="dataSource" [treeControl]="treeControl">
  <cdk-tree-node
    *cdkTreeNodeDef="let node" cdkTreeNodePadding
    [style.display]="shouldRender(node) ?'flex':'none'"class="example-tree-node"
  >
    {{node.label}}
  </cdk-tree-node>

  <cdk-tree-node
    *cdkTreeNodeDef="let node; when hasChild" cdkTreeNodePadding
    [style.display]="shouldRender(node) ?'flex':'none'"class="example-tree-node"
  >
    <button
      cdkTreeNodeToggle
      (click)="node.isExpanded = !node.isExpanded"
    >
      {{treeControl.isExpanded(node) ? '收起' : '开展'}}
    </button>

    {{node.label}}
  </cdk-tree-node>
</cdk-tree>

3.2 cdk-tree 组件

cdk-tree只是一个 节点进口的容器,而后定义了一些

  • 输出参数,如数据源 dataSource 和树控制器treeControl
  • 操作树节点的办法,如插入节点的inserNode
@Component({
  selector: 'cdk-tree',
  template: `<ng-container cdkTreeNodeOutlet></ng-container>`,
})
export class CdkTree {
  // 数据源,可读写
  @Input()
  get dataSource() {return this._dataSource;}
  set dataSource(dataSource) {if (this._dataSource !== dataSource) {this._switchDataSource(dataSource);
    }
  }
  private _dataSource;

  // 树节点进口容器
  @ViewChild(CdkTreeNodeOutlet, {static: true}) _nodeOutlet: CdkTreeNodeOutlet;

  // 所有树节点
  @ContentChildren(CdkTreeNodeDef) _nodeDefs: QueryList<CdkTreeNodeDef<T>>;

  // 树控制器
  @Input() treeControl;

  // 插入节点
  insertNode(nodeData, index) {}
  
  // 渲染节点
  renderNodeChanges(data) {}}

3.3 cdk-tree-node 组件

有两种类型:

  • cdk-tree-node是根底树节点,用于扁平树
  • cdk-nested-tree-node继承自cdk-tree-node,用于嵌套树

cdk-tree-node组件比较简单,就定义了几个属性:

  • data
  • isExpanded
  • level
@Directive({selector: 'cdk-tree-node',})
export class CdkTreeNode {
  // 节点数据,可读写
  get data() {return this._data;}
  set data(value) {this._data = value;}
  protected _data;

  // 是否开展,只读
  get isExpanded() {return this._tree.treeControl.isExpanded(this._data);
  }

  // 以后层级,只读
  get level() {return this._tree.treeControl.getLevel(this._data);
  }

cdk-nested-tree-node继承自 cdk-tree-node,并增加了一些嵌套树的解决逻辑,如updateChildrenNodes 办法。

@Directive({selector: 'cdk-nested-tree-node',})
export class CdkNestedTreeNode extends CdkTreeNode {
  // 获取树节点进口
  @ContentChildren(CdkTreeNodeOutlet) nodeOutlet: QueryList<CdkTreeNodeOutlet>;
  
  ngAfterContentInit() {
    // 获取以后节点所有的子节点
    const childrenNodes = this._tree.treeControl.getChildren(this.data);
    
    // 更新子节点
    this.updateChildrenNodes(childrenNodes);
  }
  
  /** Add children dataNodes to the NodeOutlet */
  updateChildrenNodes(children) {}}

嵌套树的 demo:

<cdk-tree [dataSource]="dataSource" [treeControl]="treeControl">
  <cdk-nested-tree-node
    *cdkTreeNodeDef="let node" cdkTreeNodePadding
    class="example-tree-node"
  >
    {{node.label}}
  </cdk-nested-tree-node>

  <cdk-nested-tree-node
    *cdkTreeNodeDef="let node; when hasChild" cdkTreeNodePadding
    class="example-tree-node"
  >
    <button
      cdkTreeNodeToggle
      (click)="node.isExpanded = !node.isExpanded"
    >
      {{treeControl.isExpanded(node) ? '收起' : '开展'}}
    </button>

    {{node.label}}

    <!-- 嵌套树须要减少一个节口进口容器 -->
    <div [class.example-tree-invisible]="!treeControl.isExpanded(node)">
      <ng-container cdkTreeNodeOutlet></ng-container>
    </div>
  </cdk-nested-tree-node>
</cdk-tree>

除了须要减少接口进口容器,嵌套树的数据结构和控制器也和扁平树不同。

// 数据结构
interface ExampleBaseNode {
  label: string;
  children?: ExampleBaseNode[];}

const TREE_DATA: ExampleBaseNode[] = [
  {
    label: 'Fruit',
    children: [{ label: 'Apple'} ],
  },
  {label: 'Vegetables'},
];

// 控制器
treeControl = new NestedTreeControl<ExampleBaseNode>(node => node.children);

4 tree-control 控制器(外围)

TreeControlCdkTree 组件的 UI 无关的逻辑层,次要分成以下局部:

  • tree-control 接口:定义控制器的成员(不蕴含具体实现)
  • base-tree-control 抽象类:定义控制器的公共局部,给扁平树和嵌套树控制器继承(不能被间接实例化)
  • flat-tree-control 扁平树控制器
  • nested-tree-control 嵌套树控制器

接口和类大家可能都很相熟,抽象类和它们有什么区别呢?

抽象类有以下特点:

  • 抽象类是能够派生其余类的基类;
  • 它不能被间接实例化;
  • 与接口不同,一个抽象类能够蕴含它的成员的实现细节;
  • abstract 关键字是用来定义抽象类的,同时也是定义它外部的形象办法的。

4.1 tree-control 接口

export interface TreeControl<T, K = T> {dataNodes: T[]; // 树的节点数组
  expansionModel: SelectionModel<K>; // 抉择模型
  isExpanded(dataNode: T): boolean; // 节点是否开展
  getDescendants(dataNode: T): any[]; // 获取节点的所有子节点
  toggle(dataNode: T): void; // 切换节点的开展 / 收起状态
  expand(dataNode: T): void; // 开展节点
  collapse(dataNode: T): void; // 收起节点
  expandAll(): void; // 开展所有节点
  collapseAll(): void; // 收起所有节点
  toggleDescendants(dataNode: T): void; // 切换所有子节点的开展 / 收起状态
  expandDescendants(dataNode: T): void; // 开展所有子节点
  collapseDescendants(dataNode: T): void; // 收起所有子节点
  readonly getLevel: (dataNode: T) => number; // 获取节点的层级
  readonly isExpandable: (dataNode: T) => boolean; // 判断节点是否能够开展
  readonly getChildren: (dataNode: T) => Observable<T[]> | T[] | undefined | null; // 获取子节点
}

4.2 base-tree-control 抽象类

export abstract class BaseTreeControl<T, K = T> implements TreeControl<T, K> {abstract getDescendants(dataNode: T): T[];
  abstract expandAll(): void;
  dataNodes: T[];
  expansionModel: SelectionModel<K> = new SelectionModel<K>(true);
  trackBy?: (dataNode: T) => K;
  getLevel: (dataNode: T) => number;
  isExpandable: (dataNode: T) => boolean;
  getChildren: (dataNode: T) => Observable<T[]> | T[] | undefined | null;

  toggle(dataNode: T): void {this.expansionModel.toggle(this._trackByValue(dataNode));
  }

  expand(dataNode: T): void {this.expansionModel.select(this._trackByValue(dataNode));
  }

  collapse(dataNode: T): void {this.expansionModel.deselect(this._trackByValue(dataNode));
  }

  isExpanded(dataNode: T): boolean {return this.expansionModel.isSelected(this._trackByValue(dataNode));
  }

  toggleDescendants(dataNode: T): void {this.expansionModel.isSelected(this._trackByValue(dataNode))
      ? this.collapseDescendants(dataNode)
      : this.expandDescendants(dataNode);
  }

  collapseAll(): void {this.expansionModel.clear();
  }

  expandDescendants(dataNode: T): void {let toBeProcessed = [dataNode];
    toBeProcessed.push(...this.getDescendants(dataNode));
    this.expansionModel.select(...toBeProcessed.map(value => this._trackByValue(value)));
  }

  collapseDescendants(dataNode: T): void {let toBeProcessed = [dataNode];
    toBeProcessed.push(...this.getDescendants(dataNode));
    this.expansionModel.deselect(...toBeProcessed.map(value => this._trackByValue(value)));
  }

  protected _trackByValue(value: T | K): K {return this.trackBy ? this.trackBy(value as T) : (value as K);
  }
}

4.3 flat-tree-control 扁平树控制器

export class FlatTreeControl<T, K = T> extends BaseTreeControl<T, K> {constructor() {}

  getDescendants(dataNode: T): T[] {// 扁平树的获取全副子节点的逻辑}

  expandAll(): void {// 扁平树的开展全副节点逻辑}
}

4.4 nested-tree-control 嵌套树控制器

export class NestedTreeControl<T, K = T> extends BaseTreeControl<T, K> {constructor() {}

  expandAll(): void {// 嵌套树的开展全副节点逻辑}

  getDescendants(dataNode: T): T[] {// 嵌套树的获取全副子节点的逻辑}

  protected _getDescendants(descendants: T[], dataNode: T): void {}}

5 selection-model 抉择模型

咱们发现 TreeControl 的办法实际上是在调用 SelectionModel 实例的办法。

  expansionModel: SelectionModel<K> = new SelectionModel<K>(true);

  // 切换开展 / 收起状态
  toggle(dataNode: T): void {this.expansionModel.toggle(this._trackByValue(dataNode));
  }

  // 开展树节点
  expand(dataNode: T): void {this.expansionModel.select(this._trackByValue(dataNode));
  }

  // 收起树节点
  collapse(dataNode: T): void {this.expansionModel.deselect(this._trackByValue(dataNode));
  }

  // 节点是否开展
  isExpanded(dataNode: T): boolean {return this.expansionModel.isSelected(this._trackByValue(dataNode));
  }

selection-model保护了一个 Set 数据结构,并提供了一系列的办法来设置列表的状态,以下是它的外围实现思逻辑。

export class SelectionModel<T> {private _selection = new Set<T>();

  isSelected(value: T): boolean {return this._selection.has(value);
  }

  private _markSelected(value: T) {if (!this.isSelected(value)) {this._selection.add(value);
    }
  }

  private _unmarkSelected(value: T) {if (this.isSelected(value)) {this._selection.delete(value);
    }
  }

  // 其余办法
}

6 参考

  • https://github.com/angular/components/tree/master/src/cdk/tree
  • https://material.angular.io/cdk/tree/examples
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