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关于python:最新12306抢票爬虫

import time
import datetime
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
class Qiangpiao():

def __init__(self,from_station,to_station,depart_time,train_num,passenger):
    self.login_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html'
    self.init_my_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/view/index.html'
    self.order_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/initDc'
    # input("出发地:")
    self.from_station = from_station
    # input("目的地:")
    self.to_station = to_station
    # 工夫格局必须是 M - d 的形式
    # input("登程工夫 ( 格局必须是 M - d 的形式):")
    self.depart_time = depart_time
    # input("列车号:")
    self.train_num = train_num
    self.passenger = passenger
    #获取以后月份
    self.now_month = datetime.date.today().month
    self.leave_month = int(self.depart_time.split('-')[0])
    self.leave_day = int(self.depart_time.split('-')[1])
    self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
def _login(self):
    self.driver.get(self.login_url)
    # 窗口最大化
    #self.driver.maximize_window()
    # 设置窗口大小
    self.driver.set_window_size(1300,800)
    #print('调整前尺寸:', self.driver.get_window_size())
    #显式期待
    #这里进行手动登录,能够扫码,也能够输出账号密码点击登录
    WebDriverWait(self.driver,1000).until(EC.url_to_be(self.init_my_url))
    print('登录胜利!')
def _pop_window(self):
    time.sleep(1)
    self.driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@class="dzp-confirm"]/div[2]/div[3]/a').click()
def _enter_order_ticket(self):
    action = ActionChains(self.driver)   # 实例化一个动作链对象
    element = self.driver.find_element_by_link_text('车票')
    # 鼠标挪动到 '车票' 元素上的中心点
    action.move_to_element(element).perform()
    # 点击 '单程'
    self.driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="J-chepiao"]/div/div[1]/ul/li[1]/a').click()
    # 打消第二次弹窗
    self.driver.find_element_by_link_text('确认').click()
def _search_ticket(self):
    #出发地输出
    self.driver.find_element_by_id("fromStationText").click()        self.driver.find_element_by_id("fromStationText").send_keys(self.from_station)
    self.driver.find_element_by_id("fromStationText").send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
    #目的地输出
    self.driver.find_element_by_id("toStationText").click()        self.driver.find_element_by_id("toStationText").send_keys(self.to_station)
    self.driver.find_element_by_id("toStationText").send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
    #登程日期输出
    self.driver.find_element_by_id("date_icon_1").click()
    if self.leave_month == self.now_month:
        xpath_str = f"/html/body/div[37]/div[1]/div[2]/div[{self.leave_day}]"
        if EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, xpath_str)):
            self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath_str).click()
        else:
            print("以后日期未到或已过售票日期,无奈购票!")
    elif self.leave_month == self.now_month + 1:
        xpath_str = f"/html/body/div[37]/div[2]/div[2]/div[{self.leave_day}]"
        if EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, xpath_str)):
            self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath_str).click()
        else:
            print("以后日期未到或已过售票日期,无奈购票!")
    else:
        print("月份超前一个月以上,无奈购票!")
    #期待查问按钮是否可用 

WebDriverWait(self.driver,1000).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID,”query_ticket”)))

    #执行点击事件
    search_btn = self.driver.find_element_by_id("query_ticket")
    search_btn.click()
    #[铂金](https://www.gendan5.com/nmetal/platinum.html) 期待查票信息加载
    WebDriverWait(self.driver, 1000).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '//*[@id="queryLeftTable"]/tr')))
def _order_ticket(self):
    train_num_list = []  # 列车号列表
    train_num_ele_list = self.driver.find_elements_by_xpath('//tr/td[1]/div/div[1]/div/a')  # 列车号元素列表
    for t in train_num_ele_list:    # 遍历列车号元素列表,并把列车号增加到列车号列表
        train_num_list.append(t.text)
    tr_list = self.driver.find_elements_by_xpath('//*[@id="queryLeftTable"]/tr[not(@datatran)]')  #每一列列车整行信息列表,列车号元素是 tr 的子元素
    if self.train_num in train_num_list:
        for tr in tr_list:
            train_num = tr.find_element_by_xpath("./td[1]/div/div[1]/div/a").text  #取出元素 tr 里的列车号
            if self.train_num == train_num:
                #动车二等座余票信息
                text_1 = tr.find_element_by_xpath("./td[4]").text
                # 火车二等座余票信息
                text_2 = tr.find_element_by_xpath("./td[8]").text
                if (text_1 == "有" or text_1.isdigit()) or (text_2 == "有" or text_2.isdigit()):
                    #点击预订按钮
                    order_btn = tr.find_element_by_class_name("btn72")
                    order_btn.click()
                    #期待订票页面                        WebDriverWait(self.driver,1000).until(EC.url_to_be(self.order_url))
                    # 选定乘车人 

self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(f’//*[@id=”normal_passenger_id”]/li/label[contains(text(),”{self.passenger}”)]’).click()

                    #如果乘客是学生,对提醒点击确定
                    if EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '//div[@id="dialog_xsertcj"]')):                            self.driver.find_element_by_id('dialog_xsertcj_ok').click()
                        # 提交订单                           self.driver.find_element_by_id('submitOrder_id').click()
                        time.sleep(2)
                        # 点击确认订单                            self.driver.find_element_by_id('qr_submit_id').click()
                    else:
                        # 提交订单                           self.driver.find_element_by_id('submitOrder_id').click()
                        time.sleep(2)
                        # 点击确认                            self.driver.find_element_by_id('qr_submit_id').click()
                        print("购票胜利!")
                        break
                else:
                    print("二等座无票!")
    else:
        print("无此列车!")
def run(self):
    #登录
    self._login()
    #打消登录后(第一次)的弹窗
    self._pop_window()
    #进入购票页面
    self._enter_order_ticket()
    #查票
    self._search_ticket()
    #订票
    self._order_ticket()
    #敞开浏览器
    time.sleep(6)
    self.driver.quit()

if name == ‘__main__’:

qiangpiao = Qiangpiao("兰州","乌鲁木齐","8-6","D55","小红")
qiangpiao.run()
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