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这篇文章的次要目标是通知大家如何配置 Prometheus，使得它能够从指定的 Web Api 接口采集指标数据。文章中用到的案例是 NGINX 的采集配置，从设定了用户名和明码的 NGINX 数据指标页中采集数据，因而这篇文章的副标题可能是 nginx 的 prometheus 采集配置 或者prometheus 采集 basic auth 的 nginx。
上图是配置实现后，在 Grafana 配置了模板的成果。
应用过 Prometheus 的敌人想必都晓得如何配置 address:port 类服务，例如收集某个 Redis 的相干信息时，配置能够这么写：
- job_name: 'redis'
static_configs:
- targets: ['11.22.33.58:6087']正文：以上案例中假如 Redis Exporter 的 地址和端口是 11.22.33.58:6087。
这种是最简略，也是最为人熟知的方法。然而如果要监控指定的 Web API，可就不能这么写了。如果你没有看到这篇文章，你可能会在搜索引擎外面这么搜：
- Prometheus 监控 Web
- Prometheus scrape Web
- Prometheus 监控接口
- Prometheus 监控指定 API
- Prometheus API 配置
- Prometheus 域名 配置
- Prometheus basic auth
- Prometheus 接口 用户名 明码
但很可怜的是，搜不到什么无效信息（当初是 2021 年 03 月），能找到的基本上都是坑。
条件假如
假如咱们当初须要从地址为 https://www.weishidong.com//s… 的接口收集相干的 Prometheus 监控指标，并且这个接口应用了 basic auth（假设用户名为 weishidong，明码为 0099887kk）进行根本的权限校验。
配置实际操作
依照之前见到的 Prometheus 配置填写的话，很有可能把配置写成这样：
- job_name: 'web'
static_configs:
- targets: ['http://www.weishidong.com/status/format/prometheus']
basic_auth:
username: weishidong
password: 0099887kk保留配置文件并重启服务后你就会发现，这样是收集不到数据的，几乎蹩脚。
官网配置指南
方才的操作真的是蹩脚透了，遇到不懂的问题时，咱们当然是去翻官网文档了 ->Prometheus Configuration。浏览时举荐自上而下，不过如果你比拟焦急，能够间接来到 采集配置 这个局部。官网给出的示例如下（内容太多，这里只保留跟本文相干的局部，倡议大家去看原文）：
# The job name assigned to scraped metrics by default.
job_name: <job_name>
# How frequently to scrape targets from this job.
[scrape_interval: <duration> | default = <global_config.scrape_interval>]
# Per-scrape timeout when scraping this job.
[scrape_timeout: <duration> | default = <global_config.scrape_timeout>]
# The HTTP resource path on which to fetch metrics from targets.
[metrics_path: <path> | default = /metrics]
# honor_labels controls how Prometheus handles conflicts between labels that are
# already present in scraped data and labels that Prometheus would attach
# server-side ("job" and "instance" labels, manually configured target
# labels, and labels generated by service discovery implementations).
#
# If honor_labels is set to "true", label conflicts are resolved by keeping label
# values from the scraped data and ignoring the conflicting server-side labels.
#
# If honor_labels is set to "false", label conflicts are resolved by renaming
# conflicting labels in the scraped data to "exported_<original-label>" (for
# example "exported_instance", "exported_job") and then attaching server-side
# labels.
#
# Setting honor_labels to "true" is useful for use cases such as federation and
# scraping the Pushgateway, where all labels specified in the target should be
# preserved.
#
# Note that any globally configured "external_labels" are unaffected by this
# setting. In communication with external systems, they are always applied only
# when a time series does not have a given label yet and are ignored otherwise.
[honor_labels: <boolean> | default = false]
# honor_timestamps controls whether Prometheus respects the timestamps present
# in scraped data.
#
# If honor_timestamps is set to "true", the timestamps of the metrics exposed
# by the target will be used.
#
# If honor_timestamps is set to "false", the timestamps of the metrics exposed
# by the target will be ignored.
[honor_timestamps: <boolean> | default = true]
# Configures the protocol scheme used for requests.
[scheme: <scheme> | default = http]
# Optional HTTP URL parameters.
params:
[<string>: [<string>, ...] ]
# Sets the `Authorization` header on every scrape request with the
# configured username and password.
# password and password_file are mutually exclusive.
basic_auth:
[username: <string>]
[password: <secret>]
[password_file: <string>]
# Sets the `Authorization` header on every scrape request with
# the configured bearer token. It is mutually exclusive with `bearer_token_file`.
[bearer_token: <secret>]
# Sets the `Authorization` header on every scrape request with the bearer token
# read from the configured file. It is mutually exclusive with `bearer_token`.
[bearer_token_file: <filename>]如果你认真看的话，应该会关注到几个要害信息：metrics_path 和 basic_auth。其中，metrics_path 用于指定 HTTP 类指标信息采集时的路由地址，默认值是 /metrics；字段 basic_auth 则是用来进行权限验证的，而且明码这里能够指定密码文件，而不是间接填写明文（一般来说，指定密码文件的安全性稍高与明文）。
无效的配置
依据官网文档的指引，咱们很快便能够推导出正确的配置写法：
- job_name: 'web'
metrics_path: /status/format/prometheus
static_configs:
- targets: ['www.weishidong.com']
basic_auth:
username: weishidong
password: 0099887kk要留神的是，这里并不需要填写 http:// 字样，因为 Prometheus 默认的 Scheme 就是 http。如果地址的 Scheme 是 https 的话，依照文档指引，咱们须要增加 scheme 字段，对应的配置为：
- job_name: 'web'
metrics_path: /status/format/prometheus
static_configs:
- targets: ['www.weishidong.com']
scheme: https
basic_auth:
username: weishidong
password: 0099887kk配置实现后，Prometheus 应该就能顺利的采集到数据了，配上 Grafana，就可能看到开篇给出的监控效果图。
