共计 5885 个字符，预计需要花费 15 分钟才能阅读完成。
一、装置环境
数据库地址：
* 192.168.0.212（主）
* 192.168.0.221（从）
二、Master 的配置
1. 批改 MySQL 配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
#开启二进制日志
log-bin=mysql-bin
#标识惟一 id（必须），个别应用 ip 最初位
server-id=212
#不同步的数据库，可设置多个
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
#指定须要同步的数据库（和 slave 是互相匹配的），能够设置多个
binlog-do-db = xxxx_dt_business
binlog-do-db = xxxx_dt_home
binlog_format=MIXED
#日志清理工夫
expire_logs_days=7
#日志大小
max_binlog_size=200m
#缓存大小
binlog_cache_size=4m
#最大缓存大小
max_binlog_cache_size=521m2. 重启 MySQL
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
#给从库放权限
mysql> GRANT FILE ON _._ TO 'xxxxrep'@'192.168.0.221' IDENTIFIED BY 'xxxxrep123.';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON _._ TO 'xxxxrep'@'192.168.0.221' IDENTIFIED BY 'xxxxrep123.';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
注：如果数据库有数据须要进行数据迁徙保证数据的一致性 数据迁徙
创立数据库：在从库中创立一个和主库雷同的数据库，不然两个数据库不能同步（进行过数据迁徙就跳过）CREATE DATABASE xxxx_dt_home CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
CREATE DATABASE xxxx_dt_business CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;4. 重启 MySQL，登录 MySQL，查看主库信息
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+---------------------------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+---------------------------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000149 | 1670048 | xxxx_dt_business,xxxx_dt_home | | |
+------------------+----------+---------------------------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
注：如果执行这个步骤始终为 Empty set(0.00 sec)，那阐明后面的 my.cnf 没配置对
#开启二进制日志（能够不配置）log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=221
replicate-do-db= xxxx_dt_business
replicate-do-db = xxxx_dt_home
replicate-ignore-db = mysql
log-slave-updates
slave-skip-errors = all
slave-net-timeout = 60
#敞开 Slave
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.0.212',master_user='xxxxrep',master_password='xxxxrep123.',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000149', master_log_pos=33345737;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
注：下面的 master_log_file 是在配置 Master 的时候的 File 字段，master_log_pos 是在配置 Master 的 Position 字段。肯定要一一对应 5. 查看信息
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.0.212
Master_User: xxxxrep
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000149
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 44484424
Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 11138970
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000149
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: xxxx_dt_business,xxxx_dt_home
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 44484424
Relay_Log_Space: 11139143
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 212
Master_UUID: 7e1414e2-8dd5-11e9-a10f-000c29f686d6
Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/data/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
注：如果 Slave_IO_Running: No 呈现上面的谬误
Last_IO_Error: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server UUIDs; these UUIDs must be different for replication to work.
阐明主服务器的 UUID 和从服务器的 UUID 反复，更改形式
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/mysql/data/auto.cnf #这是我的装置门路批改 auto.cnf 的 server-uuid
注：如果 Slave_IO_Running: Connecting 并呈现上面谬误
error connecting to master ['root@192.168.3.28]('root@192.168.3.28):3306' - retry-time: 60 retries: 1
解决办法，查看主库是否受权，查看 change master to... 是否有用户明码 ip 填写谬误
注：如果 Slave_IO_Running: No 呈现上面谬误
Got fatal error 1236 from master when reading data from binary log: 'Could not find first log file name in binary log index file'
解决办法：复位
mysql>stop slave; // 进行
mysql>reset slave; // 清空
mysql>start slave; // 开启 扩大
当只针对某些库的某张表进行同步时，如下，只同步 home 库的 hello 表和 other 库的 biao 表：replicate-do-db = home
replicate-wild-do-table = home.hello // 当只同步几个或多数表时，能够这样设置。留神这要跟下面的库指定配合应用；replicate-do-db = other
replicate-wild-do-table = other.biao // 如果同步的库的表比拟多时，就不能这样一一指定了，就把这个选项配置去掉，间接依据指定的库进行同步。查问 binlog 主从日志的办法
#查看 binlog 全副文件
mysql>show binary logs;
#查看 binlog 是否开启 NO 为开启
mysql> show variables like 'log_bin%';
#详细信息
mysql> show variables like 'binlog%';
#查看 binlog 日志
mysql> show binlog events in'mysql-bin.000017';
#或者应用 mysqlbinlog，如果报错应用 --no-defaults（应用全门路）[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlbinlog --no-defaults /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-bin.000017
手动清理 master 日志，最好敞开日志，在 /etc/my.cnf
#手动刷新日志
mysql> show master status;
#删除全副 mysql> reset slave; 或 rest master;# 删除 MySQL-bin.011mysql> PURGE MASTER LOGS TO 'MySQL-bin.011';
mysql> show status like 'Innodb_buffer_pool_%';
+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| Innodb_buffer_pool_dump_status | not started |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_load_status | Buffer pool(s) load completed at 200320 16:18:07 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_data | 93721 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_bytes_data | 1535524864 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_dirty | 0 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_bytes_dirty | 0 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_flushed | 328774 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_free | 37327 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_misc | 16 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_total | 131064 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_read_ahead_rnd | 0 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_read_ahead | 28 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_read_ahead_evicted | 0 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_read_requests | 27973283 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_reads | 90917 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_wait_free | 0 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_write_requests | 1205702 |
+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
17 rows in set正文完