后面咱们学会了 Mybatis
如何配置数据库以及创立SqlSession
,那怎么写呢?crud 怎么写?
代码间接放在 Github 仓库【https://github.com/Damaer/Myb…】
须要申明的是:此Mybatis
学习笔记,是从原始的Mybatis
开始的,而不是整合了其余框架(比方Spring
)之后,集体认为,这样能对它的性能,它能帮咱们做什么,有更好的了解,前面再缓缓叠加其余的性能。
我的项目的目录如下:
创立数据库:初始化数据,SQL 语句如下(也就是 resource
下的test.sql
)
# 创立数据库
CREATE DATABASE `test` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
#创立数据表
CREATE TABLE `student` (`id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , `name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL ,
`age` INT NOT NULL , `score` DOUBLE NOT NULL , PRIMARY KEY (`id`)) ENGINE = MyISAM;
应用 maven
治理我的项目,pom.xml
文件治理依赖 jar
包:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.test</groupId>
<artifactId>test</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<!-- mybatis 外围包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql 驱动包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.29</version>
</dependency>
<!-- junit 测试包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志文件治理包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.12</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
与数据库中绝对应的实体类Student
:
package bean;
public class Student {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private int age;
private double score;
public Student(){}
public Student(String name, int age, double score) {super();
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.score = score;
}
public Integer getId() {return id;}
public void setId(Integer id) {this.id = id;}
public String getName() {return name;}
public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}
public int getAge() {return age;}
public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}
public double getScore() {return score;}
public void setScore(double score) {this.score = score;}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age
+ ", score=" + score + "]";
}
}
应用 mybatis
的重要一步是配置数据源,要不怎么晓得应用哪一个数据库,有哪些 mapper 文件, 主配置文件 mybatis.xml
:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 配置数据库文件 -->
<properties resource="jdbc_mysql.properties">
</properties>
<!-- 别名,对数据对象操作全名太长,须要应用别名 -->
<typeAliases>
<!--<typeAlias type="bean.Student" alias="Student"/>-->
<!-- 间接应用类名即可,对于整个包的门路配置(别名),简略快捷 -->
<package name="bean"/>
</typeAliases>
<!-- 配置运行环境 -->
<!-- default 示意默认应用哪一个环境,能够配置多个,比方开发时的测试环境,上线后的正式环境等 -->
<environments default="mysqlEM">
<environment id="mysqlEM">
<transactionManager type="JDBC">
</transactionManager>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 注册映射文件 -->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="mapper/mapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
mybatis.xml
文件外面抽取进去的数据库连贯相干信息 jdbc_mysql.properties
文件:
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=123456
日志零碎的配置文件 log4j.properties
:
log4j.prpp
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=[service] %d - %c -%-4r [%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n
#log4j.appender.R=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
#log4j.appender.R.File=../logs/service.log
#log4j.appender.R.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
#log4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern=[service] %d - %c -%-4r [%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n
#log4j.logger.com.ibatis = debug
#log4j.logger.com.ibatis.common.jdbc.SimpleDataSource = debug
#log4j.logger.com.ibatis.common.jdbc.ScriptRunner = debug
#log4j.logger.com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.impl.SqlMapClientDelegate = debug
#log4j.logger.java.sql.Connection = debug
log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement = debug
log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement = debug
log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet =debug
在主配置文件 mybatis.xml
里咱们配置了去扫描 mapper
文件,那咱们要实现的是对 Student
的增删改查等性能,Mapper.xml
:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="abc">
<!-- parameterType 能够省略不写 -->
<insert id="insertStudent" parameterType="Student">
insert into student(name,age,score) values(#{name},#{age},#{score})
</insert>
<insert id="insertStudentCacheId" parameterType="Student">
insert into student(name,age,score) values(#{name},#{age},#{score})
<!-- 指定后果类型 resultType,keyProperty 是属性,主动返回到属性 id 中,order 是秩序,after 是指获取 id 是在于插入后 -->
<selectKey resultType="int" keyProperty="id" order="AFTER">
select @@identity
</selectKey>
</insert>
<!-- 删除 -->
<delete id="deleteStudentById" >
delete from student where id=#{id}
<!-- 这里的 id 放什么都能够,只是一个占位符,不示意什么 -->
</delete>
<update id="updateStudent">
update student set name=#{name},age=#{age},score=#{score} where id=#{id}
</update>
<!-- 查问列表 -->
<!-- 零碎不晓得返回封装为什么类型,所以要注明返回类型 -->
<select id="selectAllStudents" resultType="Student">
select id,name,age,score from student
<!-- 如果数据库为 tid,tname,tage,那么咱们能够应用别名
select tid id,tname name,tage age,tscore score from student -->
</select>
<!-- 通过 id 来查问学生 -->
<select id="selectStudentById" resultType="Student">
select * from student where id=#{xxx}
</select>
<!-- 含糊查问 -->
<!-- 不能写成 '%#{name}%' -->
<!-- 能够写成这样,也就是使函数拼接 select id,name,age,score from student where name like concat('%',#{xxx},'%') -->
<!-- 也能够写成这样,‘’引起来的是写死的,而变量是不能够引起来的 select id,name,age,score from student where name like '%' #{xxx} '%' -->
<!-- '%' #{xxx} '%' 两头必须有空格,要不就有效了 -->
<select id="selectStudentsByName" resultType="Student">
<!-- 最罕用的(动静参数)select id,name,age,score from student where name like '%' #{name} '%' -->
<!-- 上面的是字符串拼接,只能写 value,理解即可,容易 sql 注入,执行效率低,不倡议应用 -->
select id,name,age,score from student where name like '%${value}%'
</select>
</mapper>
有了 mapper.xml
文件还不够,咱们须要定义接口与 sql
语句一一对应,IStudentDao.class
:
package dao;
import bean.Student;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public interface IStudentDao {
// 减少学生
public void insertStudent(Student student);
// 减少新学生并返回 id
public void insertStudentCacheId(Student student);
// 依据 id 删除学生
public void deleteStudentById(int id);
// 更新学生的信息
public void updateStudent(Student student);
// 返回所有学生的信息 List
public List<Student> selectAllStudents();
// 返回所有学生的信息 Map
public Map<String, Object> selectAllStudentsMap();
// 依据 id 查找学生
public Student selectStudentById(int id);
// 依据名字查找学生,含糊查问
public List<Student>selectStudentsByName(String name);
}
接口的实现类如下:sqlSession
有很多办法:
- 如果是插入一条数据须要应用
insert()
; - 删除一条数据应用
delete()
; - 更新一条数据应用
update()
; - 如果查问返回数据的
List
应用SelectList()
办法; - 如果返回查问多条数据的
Map
应用selectMap()
; - 如果查问一条数据,那么只须要应用
selectOne()
即可。
package dao;
import bean.Student;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import utils.MyBatisUtils;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class StudentDaoImpl implements IStudentDao {
private SqlSession sqlSession;
public void insertStudent(Student student) {
// 加载主配置文件
try {sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
sqlSession.insert("insertStudent", student);
sqlSession.commit();} finally {if (sqlSession != null) {sqlSession.close();
}
}
}
public void insertStudentCacheId(Student student) {
try {sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
sqlSession.insert("insertStudentCacheId", student);
sqlSession.commit();} finally {if (sqlSession != null) {sqlSession.close();
}
}
}
public void deleteStudentById(int id) {
try {sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
sqlSession.delete("deleteStudentById", id);
sqlSession.commit();} finally {if (sqlSession != null) {sqlSession.close();
}
}
}
public void updateStudent(Student student) {
try {sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
sqlSession.update("updateStudent", student);
sqlSession.commit();} finally {if (sqlSession != null) {sqlSession.close();
}
}
}
public List<Student> selectAllStudents() {
List<Student> students ;
try {sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
students = sqlSession.selectList("selectAllStudents");
// 查问不必批改,所以不必提交事务
} finally {if (sqlSession != null) {sqlSession.close();
}
}
return students;
}
public Map<String, Object> selectAllStudentsMap() {Map<String ,Object> map=new HashMap<String, Object>();
/**
* 能够写成 Map<String ,Student> map=new HashMap<String, Student>();
*/
try {sqlSession=MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
map=sqlSession.selectMap("selectAllStudents", "name");
// 查问不必批改,所以不必提交事务
} finally{if(sqlSession!=null){sqlSession.close();
}
}
return map;
}
public Student selectStudentById(int id) {
Student student=null;
try {sqlSession=MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
student=sqlSession.selectOne("selectStudentById",id);
sqlSession.commit();} finally{if(sqlSession!=null){sqlSession.close();
}
}
return student;
}
public List<Student> selectStudentsByName(String name) {List<Student>students=new ArrayList<Student>();
try {sqlSession=MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
students=sqlSession.selectList("selectStudentsByName",name);
// 查问不必批改,所以不必提交事务
} finally{if(sqlSession!=null){sqlSession.close();
}
}
return students;
}
}
咱们应用了一个本人定义的工具类,用来获取 Sqlsession
的实例:
package utils;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class MyBatisUtils {
static private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
static public SqlSession getSqlSession() {
InputStream is;
try {is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis.xml");
if (sqlSessionFactory == null) {sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
}
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();}
return null;
}
}
测试代码MyTest.class
:
import bean.Student;
import dao.IStudentDao;
import dao.StudentDaoImpl;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class MyTest {
private IStudentDao dao;
@Before
public void Before(){dao=new StudentDaoImpl();
}
/**
* 插入测试
*/
@Test
public void testInsert(){
/**
* 要是没有 select id,这样是不会主动获取 id 的,id 会始终为空
*/
Student student=new Student("hello",14,94.6);
System.out.println("插入前:student="+student);
dao.insertStudent(student);
System.out.println("插入后:student="+student);
}
/**
* 测试插入后获取 id
*/
@Test
public void testinsertStudentCacheId(){Student student=new Student("helloworld",17,85);
System.out.println("插入前:student="+student);
dao.insertStudentCacheId(student);
System.out.println("插入后:student="+student);
}
/*
* 测试删除
*
*/
@Test
public void testdeleteStudentById(){dao.deleteStudentById(18);
}
/*
* 测试批改,个别咱们业务外面不这样写,个别是查问进去 student 再批改
*
*/
@Test
public void testUpdate(){Student student=new Student("lallalalla",14,94.6);
student.setId(21);
dao.updateStudent(student);
}
/*
* 查问列表
*
*/
@Test
public void testselectList(){List<Student> students=dao.selectAllStudents();
if(students.size()>0){for(Student student:students){System.out.println(student);
}
}
}
/*
* 查问列表装成 map
*
*/
@Test
public void testselectMap(){Map<String,Object> students=dao.selectAllStudentsMap();
// 有雷同的名字的会间接替换掉之前查出来的,因为是同一个 key
System.out.println(students.get("helloworld"));
System.out.println(students.get("1ADAS"));
}
/*
* 通过 id 来查问 student
*
*/
@Test
public void testselectStudentById(){Student student=dao.selectStudentById(19);
System.out.println(student);
}
/*
* 通过含糊查问 student 的名字
*
*/
@Test
public void testselectStudentByName(){List<Student>students=dao.selectStudentsByName("abc");
if(students.size()>0){for(Student student:students)
System.out.println(student);
}
}
}
至此这个 demo 就实现了,运行 test 的时候倡议多跑几次插入再测其余性能。
从下面的代码咱们能够看出 Mybatis 总体运行的逻辑:
- 1. 通过加载
mybatis.xml
文件,而后解析文件,获取数据库连贯信息,存起来。 - 2. 扫描
mybatis.xml
外面配置的mapper.xml
文件。 - 3. 扫描
mapper.xml
文件的时候,,将sql
依照namespace
和id
存起来。 - 4. 通过刚刚存起来的数据库连贯信息,build 出一个
sqlSessionFactory
工厂,sqlSessionFactory
又能够获取到openSession
,相当于获取到数据库会话。 - 5. 通过
SqlSession
的insert()
,update()
,delete()
等办法,外面传入id
和参数,就能够查找到刚刚扫描mapper.xml
文件时存起来的 sql,去执行 sql。
【作者简介】:
秦怀,公众号【秦怀杂货店】作者,技术之路不在一时,山高水长,纵使迟缓,驰而不息。这个世界心愿所有都很快,更快,然而我心愿本人能走好每一步,写好每一篇文章,期待和你们一起交换。
此文章仅代表本人(本菜鸟)学习积攒记录,或者学习笔记,如有侵权,请分割作者核实删除。人无完人,文章也一样,文笔稚嫩,在下不才,勿喷,如果有谬误之处,还望指出,感激不尽~