作用 ：用于治理网络设备。
ip 命令有多个子命令，且子命令能够简写。
1. ip address
能够简写为 ip a。
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查看 IP 地址
[root@localhost ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever ... -
增加 IP 地址
[root@localhost ~]# ip address add dev tap1 10.0.0.1/24 -
删除 IP 地址
[root@localhost ~]# ip address delete dev tap1 10.0.0.1/24 -
清空 IP 地址
[root@localhost ~]# ip address flush dev tap1
2. ip link
能够简写为 ip l。
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查看设施
[root@localhost ~]# ip l 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:a4:18:9b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff ... -
启停设施
[root@localhost ~]# ip link set dev tap1 up [root@localhost ~]# ip link set dev tap1 down -
网桥操作
# 创立网桥 [root@localhost ~]# ip link add name br0 type bridge # 挂载接口 [root@localhost ~]# ip link set dev tap1 master br0 # 移除接口 [root@localhost ~]# ip link set dev tap1 nomaster -
创立 VXLAN 隧道
[root@localhost ~]# ip link add name tun0 type vxlan id 42 dstport 4789 remote 192.168.1.20 local 192.168.1.10 -
删除设施
[root@localhost ~]# ip link delete dev br0
3. ip route
能够简写为 ip r。
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查看路由表
[root@localhost ~]# ip r default via 192.168.122.1 dev eth0 192.168.122.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.122.106 -
增加路由
# 10.0.0.0/24: 目标网络 # 10.0.0.1: 下一跳路由器的 IP # dev tap1: 数据包出接口 [root@localhost ~]# ip route add to 10.0.0.0/24 via 10.0.0.1 dev tap1 # 默认路由 [root@localhost ~]# ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0 -
删除路由
[root@localhost ~]# ip route delete to 10.0.0.0/24
4. ip neigh
可简写为 ip n。
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查看 ARP 映射表
# lladdr: 链路层地址 [root@localhost ~]# ip n 192.168.122.1 dev eth0 lladdr 52:54:00:95:7c:07 STALE 10.0.0.2 dev tap1 FAILED -
增加 ARP 映射
# dev eth0: 通过 eth0 网卡可达 202.38.247.220 [root@localhost ~]# ip neigh add 202.38.247.220 lladdr 18:66:da:eb:df:92 dev eth0 -
删除 ARP 映射
[root@localhost ~]# ip neigh delete 202.38.247.220 dev eth0