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关于linux:acmesh免费签发SSL证书

jiezi

acme.sh 概述

  • 一个纯正用 Shell（Unix shell）语言编写的 ACME 协定客户端。
  • 残缺的 ACME 协定施行。反对 ACME v1 和 ACME v2 反对 ACME v2 通配符证书
  • 简略，功能强大且易于应用。你只须要 3 分钟就能够学习它。
  • Let’s Encrypt 收费证书客户端最简略的 shell 脚本。
  • 纯正用 Shell 编写，不依赖于 python 或官网的 Let’s Encrypt 客户端。
  • 只需一个脚本即可主动颁发，续订和装置证书。不须要 root/sudoer 拜访权限。
  • 反对在 Docker 内应用，反对 IPv6

装置 acme.sh

curl https://get.acme.sh | sh

并创立 一个 bash 的 alias, 不便你的应用: alias acme.sh=~/.acme.sh/acme.sh

生成证书

acme.sh 实现了 acme 协定反对的所有验证协定. 个别有两种形式验证: http 和 dns 验证. \

http 形式

http 形式须要在你的网站根目录下搁置一个文件, 来验证你的域名所有权, 实现验证. 而后就能够生成证书了.

acme.sh  --issue  -d kubesre.com -d www.kubesre.com  --webroot  /application/nginx/html/

只须要指定域名, 并指定域名所在的网站根目录. acme.sh 会全自动的生成验证文件, 并放到网站的根目录, 而后主动实现验证. 最初会聪慧的删除验证文件. 整个过程没有任何副作用.

如果你用的 web 服务器, acme.sh 还能够智能的从 apache的配置中主动实现验证, 你不须要指定网站根目录:

acme.sh --issue  -d kubesre.com   --apache

acme.sh --issue  -d kubesre.com   --nginx

dns 形式

手动 dns 形式, 手动在域名上增加一条 txt 解析记录, 验证域名所有权

这种形式的益处是, 你不须要任何服务器, 不须要任何公网 ip, 只须要 dns 的解析记录即可实现验证. 害处是，如果不同时配置 Automatic DNS API，应用这种形式 acme.sh 将无奈自动更新证书，每次都须要手动再次从新解析验证域名所有权。

acme.sh  --issue  --dns   -d kubesre.com \
 --yes-I-know-dns-manual-mode-enough-go-ahead-please

而后, acme.sh 会生成相应的解析记录显示进去, 你只须要在你的域名治理面板中增加这条 txt 记录即可.

期待解析实现之后, 从新生成证书:

acme.sh --renew -d kubesre.com --yes-I-know-dns-manual-mode-enough-go-ahead-please
[Tue Dec 21 17:21:23 CST 2021] Renew: 'kubesre.com'
[Tue Dec 21 17:21:28 CST 2021] Using CA: https://acme.zerossl.com/v2/DV90
[Tue Dec 21 17:21:28 CST 2021] Multi domain='DNS:kubesre.com,DNS:www.kubesre.com'
[Tue Dec 21 17:21:28 CST 2021] Getting domain auth token for each domain
[Tue Dec 21 17:21:28 CST 2021] Verifying: kubesre.com
[Tue Dec 21 17:21:39 CST 2021] Processing, The CA is processing your order, please just wait. (1/30)
[Tue Dec 21 17:21:46 CST 2021] Success
[Tue Dec 21 17:21:46 CST 2021] Verifying: www.kubesre.com
[Tue Dec 21 17:21:51 CST 2021] Processing, The CA is processing your order, please just wait. (1/30)
[Tue Dec 21 17:21:58 CST 2021] Success
[Tue Dec 21 17:21:58 CST 2021] Verify finished, start to sign.
[Tue Dec 21 17:21:58 CST 2021] Lets finalize the order.
[Tue Dec 21 17:21:58 CST 2021] Le_OrderFinalize='https://acme.zerossl.com/v2/DV90/order/5RzPnQTU0MBIaZgvOqiSkQ/finalize'
[Tue Dec 21 17:22:04 CST 2021] Order status is processing, lets sleep and retry.
[Tue Dec 21 17:22:04 CST 2021] Retry after: 15
[Tue Dec 21 17:22:20 CST 2021] Polling order status: https://acme.zerossl.com/v2/DV90/order/5RzPnQTU0MBIaZgvOqiSkQ
[Tue Dec 21 17:22:28 CST 2021] Downloading cert.
[Tue Dec 21 17:22:28 CST 2021] Le_LinkCert='https://acme.zerossl.com/v2/DV90/cert/RIlS-0BCVnWMmTIzTSy69g'
[Tue Dec 21 17:22:32 CST 2021] Cert success.
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIGdjCCBF6gAwIBAgIRAOXiFOW5y1AyMNreWMhPmTAwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEMBQAw
SzELMAkGA1UEBhMCQVQxEDAOBgNVBAoTB1plcm9TU0wxKjAoBgNVBAMTIVplcm9T
U0wgUlNBIERvbWFpbiBTZWN1cmUgU2l0ZSBDQTAeFw0yMTEyMjEwMDAwMDBaFw0y
MjAzMjEyMzU5NTlaMBYxFDASBgNVBAMTC2t1YmVzcmUuY29tMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG
9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEArkRZurTH3SNPklcWjSvXu/fsUfz3CQUJs310
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qQ9yojtSHalj95no/en+o1Gwv8LSBuiD0OrgfL/UmwjYaV60Q6ZFrb1OrkRrgRn4
cb/RCMAofzUEqE3ItwsBbo41gmI6i0uECktC9SKxMlTVG0M84wIDAQABo4ICiDCC
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B+AOQnrmegKchxlV1EQN3lUy2hys0lNaohyWQs9GTeq7zFyrL5M4EFiG1fTO/rHw
YaY0doH8uv74W/vYCquaK033bvP7iOnm3JpfbDDez7QVLONemVf/SRRxVff2zgJx
F5m+XVZhPRoxohWm/AytUIqfDao37XnR9vBKJ4dIWNuyxWwfkuSA5d8i0wOFi5St
yvpeC0HWuuYBNJkX8yuFe3rYFh92TN6Qu3Rl19Z/QhysF9Yin1OunPia14bKxUnR
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b4YhcvrzGJwehsPq6m0yjCbh3cCSd3vyGo0=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
[Tue Dec 21 17:22:32 CST 2021] Your cert is in: /root/.acme.sh/kubesre.com/kubesre.com.cer
[Tue Dec 21 17:22:32 CST 2021] Your cert key is in: /root/.acme.sh/kubesre.com/kubesre.com.key
[Tue Dec 21 17:22:32 CST 2021] The intermediate CA cert is in: /root/.acme.sh/kubesre.com/ca.cer
[Tue Dec 21 17:22:32 CST 2021] And the full chain certs is there: /root/.acme.sh/kubesre.com/fullchain.cer

留神第二次这里用的是 --renew

dns 形式的真正弱小之处在于能够应用域名解析商提供的 api 主动增加 txt 记录实现验证.

acme.sh 目前反对 cloudflare, dnspod, cloudxns, godaddy 以及 ovh 等数十种解析商的主动集成.

以 dnspod 为例, 你须要先登录到 dnspod 账号, 生成你的 api id 和 api key, 都是收费的. 而后:

export DP_Id="kube123"

export DP_Key="sADDsdasdgdsf"

acme.sh   --issue   --dns dns_dp   -d kubesre.com  -d www.kubesre.com

证书就会主动生成了. 这里给出的 api id 和 api key 会被自动记录下来, 未来你在应用 dnspod api 的时候, 就不须要再次指定了. 间接生成就好了:

acme.sh  --issue   -d  kubesre.com   --dns  dns_dp

更具体的 api 用法: https://github.com/Neilpang/a…

更新证书

目前证书申请后有效期为 60 天

目前因为 acme 协定和 letsencrypt CA 都在频繁的更新, 因而 acme.sh 也常常更新以放弃同步.

# 降级 acme.sh 到最新版
acme.sh --upgrade

# 如果你不想手动降级, 能够开启主动降级:
acme.sh  --upgrade  --auto-upgrade

#之后, acme.sh 就会主动放弃更新了.

# 你也能够随时敞开自动更新:
acme.sh --upgrade  --auto-upgrade  0

批改 CA

默认 CA 将应用 ZeroSSL，因为非凡需要须要更改 CA，请通过上面的形式进行批改。

能够通过提供 --server 参数自在应用任何受反对的 CA：

acme.sh --issue -d kubesre.com --dns dns_cf --server letsencrypt

也能够通过 –set-default-ca 设置的默认 ca：

acme.sh --set-default-ca --server letsencrypt

基于 CSR 签发证书

通过 openssl 生成 csr

openssl genrsa -out kubesre.com/kubesre.com.key 4096 
openssl req -new -key kubesre.com/kubesre.com.key -out kubesre.com/kubesre.com.csr -subj "/C=CN/L=Shanghai/O=kubesre/OU=shanghai/CN=kubesre.com"

基于 csr 签发证书

acme.sh --signcsr --csr ../intermediateca.csr --dns --yes-I-know-dns-manual-mode-enough-go-ahead-please  --server zerossl
[Tue Dec 21 20:03:11 CST 2021] Copy csr to: /root/.acme.sh/kubesre.com/kubesre.com.csr
[Tue Dec 21 20:03:15 CST 2021] Using CA: https://acme.zerossl.com/v2/DV90
[Tue Dec 21 20:03:15 CST 2021] Single domain='kubesre.com'
[Tue Dec 21 20:03:15 CST 2021] Getting domain auth token for each domain
[Tue Dec 21 20:03:27 CST 2021] Getting webroot for domain='kubesre.com'
[Tue Dec 21 20:03:27 CST 2021] Add the following TXT record:
[Tue Dec 21 20:03:27 CST 2021] Domain: '_acme-challenge.kubesre.com'
[Tue Dec 21 20:03:27 CST 2021] TXT value: 'JIuDsu6k_4xnvRZbwnkWqEIXJ17hjVHGXchrgvydC90'
[Tue Dec 21 20:03:27 CST 2021] Please be aware that you prepend _acme-challenge. before your domain
[Tue Dec 21 20:03:27 CST 2021] so the resulting subdomain will be: _acme-challenge.kubesre.com
[Tue Dec 21 20:03:27 CST 2021] Please add the TXT records to the domains, and re-run with --renew.
[Tue Dec 21 20:03:27 CST 2021] Please check log file for more details: /root/.acme.sh/acme.sh.log

配置 DNS 域名解析 TXT 记录并验证

dig @223.5.5.5 _acme-challenge.kubesre.com txt +short
"JIuDsu6k_4xnvRZbwnkWqEIXJ17hjVHGXchrgvydC90"

重试签发证书

 acme.sh --renew -d kubesre.com --yes-I-know-dns-manual-mode-enough-go-ahead-please
[Tue Dec 21 20:16:28 CST 2021] Renew: 'kubesre.com'
[Tue Dec 21 20:16:36 CST 2021] Using CA: https://acme.zerossl.com/v2/DV90
[Tue Dec 21 20:16:36 CST 2021] Single domain='kubesre.com'
[Tue Dec 21 20:16:36 CST 2021] Getting domain auth token for each domain
[Tue Dec 21 20:16:36 CST 2021] Verifying: kubesre.com
[Tue Dec 21 20:16:51 CST 2021] Processing, The CA is processing your order, please just wait. (1/30)
[Tue Dec 21 20:17:02 CST 2021] Success
[Tue Dec 21 20:17:02 CST 2021] Verify finished, start to sign.
[Tue Dec 21 20:17:02 CST 2021] Lets finalize the order.
[Tue Dec 21 20:17:02 CST 2021] Le_OrderFinalize='https://acme.zerossl.com/v2/DV90/order/OszJC-V5ka_7WYpupZ4mkQ/finalize'
[Tue Dec 21 20:17:11 CST 2021] Order status is processing, lets sleep and retry.
[Tue Dec 21 20:17:11 CST 2021] Retry after: 15
[Tue Dec 21 20:17:27 CST 2021] Polling order status: https://acme.zerossl.com/v2/DV90/order/OszJC-V5ka_7WYpupZ4mkQ
[Tue Dec 21 20:17:33 CST 2021] Downloading cert.
[Tue Dec 21 20:17:33 CST 2021] Le_LinkCert='https://acme.zerossl.com/v2/DV90/cert/yeadYGbm-KLNqMWlqSzShg'
[Tue Dec 21 20:17:41 CST 2021] Cert success.
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIHZDCCBUygAwIBAgIQEkvN2TAkV2mdPUF1lweQ+jANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQwFADBL
MQswCQYDVQQGEwJBVDEQMA4GA1UEChMHWmVyb1NTTDEqMCgGA1UEAxMhWmVyb1NT
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eg0z2wcNGmZEPG19ngYf79+xLpmmZj0F
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
[Tue Dec 21 20:17:41 CST 2021] Your cert is in: /root/.acme.sh/kubesre.com/kubesre.com.cer
[Tue Dec 21 20:17:41 CST 2021] Your cert key is in: /root/.acme.sh/kubesre.com/kubesre.com.key
[Tue Dec 21 20:17:41 CST 2021] The intermediate CA cert is in: /root/.acme.sh/kubesre.com/ca.cer
[Tue Dec 21 20:17:41 CST 2021] And the full chain certs is there: /root/.acme.sh/kubesre.com/fullchain.cer
[root@ops .acme.sh]#

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