乐趣区

关于k8s:二进制部署k8s11818

1、资源筹备

零碎:CentOS 7.9.2009

主机名 ip 组件
k8s-master1 192.168.219.161 kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,etcd
k8s-node1 192.168.219.162 kubelet,kube-proxy,docker,etcd
k8s-node2 192.168.219.163 kubelet,kube-proxy,docker,etcd

2、软件信息

软件 版本
docker 19.03.11
kubernetes 1.18.18

3、docker 部署

参考:https://segmentfault.com/a/11…
须要删除 ”exec-opts”: [“native.cgroupdriver=systemd”],

cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
  "log-driver": "json-file",
  "log-opts": {"max-size": "100m"},
  "storage-driver": "overlay2",
  "storage-opts": ["overlay2.override_kernel_check=true"],
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://n0k07cz2.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

4、系统配置(master、node 节点)

参考:https://segmentfault.com/a/11…

5、部署 Etcd 集群

Etcd 是一个分布式键值存储系统,Kubernetes 应用 Etcd 进行数据存储,所以先筹备一个 Etcd 数据库,为解决 Etcd 单点故障,应采纳集群形式部署,这里应用 3 台组建集群,可容忍 1 台机器故障,当然,你也能够应用 5 台组建集群,可容忍 2 台机器故障。

节点名称 IP
etcd-1 192.168.219.161
etcd-2 192.168.219.162
etcd-3 192.168.219.163

注:为了节俭机器,这里与 K8s 节点机器复用。也能够独立于 k8s 集群之外部署,只有 apiserver 能连贯到就行。

5.1、筹备 cfssl 证书生成工具

cfssl 是一个开源的证书管理工具,应用 json 文件生成证书,相比 openssl 更方便使用。
找任意一台服务器操作,这里用 Master 节点。

wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo

5.2、生成 Etcd 证书

5.2.1、创立工作目录

mkdir -p ~/TLS/etcd
cd ~/TLS/etcd

5.2.2、自签证书颁发机构(CA)

自签 CA:

cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {"expiry": "87600h"},
    "profiles": {
      "www": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF
 
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

生成证书:

# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

# 查看证书
ls *pem
ca-key.pem  ca.pem

5.2.3、应用自签 CA 签发 Etcd HTTPS 证书

创立证书申请文件:

cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
    "192.168.219.161",
    "192.168.219.162",
    "192.168.219.163"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

注:上述文件 hosts 字段中 IP 为所有 etcd 节点的集群外部通信 IP,一个都不能少!为了不便前期扩容能够多写几个预留的 IP。

生成证书:

# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

# 查看证书 
ls server*pem
server-key.pem  server.pem

5.3、从 Github 下载二进制文件

下载地址:https://github.com/etcd-io/et…

5.4、部署 Etcd 集群

以下在节点 1 上操作,为简化操作,待会将节点 1 生成的所有文件拷贝到节点 2 和节点 3

5.4.1、创立工作目录并解压二进制包

mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/

5.4.2、创立 etcd 配置文件

cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"  # 批改此处,节点 2 改为 etcd-2,节点 3 改为 etcd-3
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.219.161:2380"  # 批改此处为以后服务器 IP
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.219.161:2379"  # 批改此处为以后服务器 IP
 
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.219.161:2380"  # 批改此处为以后服务器 IP
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.219.161:2379"  # 批改此处为以后服务器 IP
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.219.161:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.219.162:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.219.163:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF

阐明:

  • ETCD_NAME:节点名称,集群中惟一
  • ETCD_DATA_DIR:数据目录
  • ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS:集群通信监听地址
  • ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS:客户端拜访监听地址
  • ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS:集群通告地址
  • ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS:客户端通告地址
  • ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER:集群节点地址
  • ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN:集群 Token
  • ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE:退出集群的以后状态,new 是新集群,existing 示意退出已有集群

5.4.3、systemd 治理 etcd

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
 
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

5.4.4、拷贝方才生成的证书

把方才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的门路

cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/

5.4.5、启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start etcd
systemctl enable etcd

5.4.6、将下面节点 1 所有生成的文件拷贝到节点 2 和节点 3

scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.219.162:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.219.162:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.219.163:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.219.163:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

而后在节点 2 和节点 3 别离批改 /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf 配置文件中的节点名称和以后服务器 IP。
最初启动 etcd 并设置开机启动,同上。

5.5、查看集群状态

ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.219.161:2379,https://192.168.219.162:2379,https://192.168.219.163:2379" endpoint health

输入:

https://192.168.219.161:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 8.154404ms
https://192.168.219.163:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 9.044117ms
https://192.168.219.162:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 10.000825ms

如果输入下面信息,就阐明集群部署胜利。如果有问题第一步先看日志:/var/log/message 或 journalctl -u etcd

6、部署 Master Node

6.1、创立工作目录

mkdir -p ~/TLS/k8s
cd ~/TLS/k8s

6.2、生成 kube-apiserver 证书

6.2.1、自签证书颁发机构(CA)

自签 CA:

cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {"expiry": "87600h"},
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

生成证书:

# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
 
# 查看证书
ls *pem
ca-key.pem  ca.pem

6.2.2、应用自签 CA 签发 kube-apiserver HTTPS 证书

创立证书申请文件:

cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "10.0.0.1",
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.219.161",
      "192.168.219.162",
      "192.168.219.163",
      "192.168.219.164",
      "192.168.219.181",
      "192.168.219.182",
      "192.168.219.188",
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

注:上述文件 hosts 字段中 IP 为所有 Master/LB/VIP IP,一个都不能少!为了不便前期扩容能够多写几个预留的 IP。

6.2.3、生成证书

# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

# 查看证书
ls server*pem
server-key.pem  server.pem

6.4、从 Github 下载二进制文件

6.4.1、下载

下载地址:https://github.com/kubernetes…

注:关上链接你会发现外面有很多包,下载一个 server 包就够了,蕴含了 Master 和 Worker Node 二进制文件。

6.4.2、解压二进制包

mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin
cp kubectl /usr/bin/

6.4.3、部署 kube-apiserver

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.219.161:2379,https://192.168.219.162:2379,https://192.168.219.163:2379 \\
--bind-address=192.168.219.161 \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=192.168.219.161 \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--audit-log-maxage=30 \\
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF

注:下面两个 \ \ 第一个是本义符,第二个是换行符,应用本义符是为了应用 EOF 保留换行符。

阐明:

  • –logtostderr:启用日志
  • —v:日志等级
  • –log-dir:日志目录
  • –etcd-servers:etcd 集群地址
  • –bind-address:监听地址
  • –secure-port:https 平安端口
  • –advertise-address:集群通告地址
  • –allow-privileged:启用受权
  • –service-cluster-ip-range:Service 虚构 IP 地址段
  • –enable-admission-plugins:准入管制模块
  • –authorization-mode:认证受权,启用 RBAC 受权和节点自治理
  • –enable-bootstrap-token-auth:启用 TLS bootstrap 机制
  • –token-auth-file:bootstrap token 文件
  • –service-node-port-range:Service nodeport 类型默认调配端口范畴
  • –kubelet-client-xxx:apiserver 拜访 kubelet 客户端证书
  • –tls-xxx-file:apiserver https 证书
  • –etcd-xxxfile:连贯 Etcd 集群证书
  • –audit-log-xxx:审计日志

6.4.4、拷贝方才生成的证书

把方才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的门路:

cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

6.4.5、启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制
TLS Bootstraping:Master apiserver 启用 TLS 认证后,Node 节点 kubelet 和 kube-proxy 要与 kube-apiserver 进行通信,必须应用 CA 签发的无效证书才能够,当 Node 节点很多时,这种客户端证书颁发须要大量工作,同样也会减少集群扩大复杂度。为了简化流程,Kubernetes 引入了 TLS bootstraping 机制来主动颁发客户端证书,kubelet 会以一个低权限用户主动向 apiserver 申请证书,kubelet 的证书由 apiserver 动静签订。所以强烈建议在 Node 上应用这种形式,目前次要用于 kubelet,kube-proxy 还是由咱们对立颁发一个证书。

TLS bootstraping 工作流程:

创立上述配置文件中 token 文件:

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
EOF

格局:token,用户名,UID,用户组

token 也可自行生成替换:

head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '

6.5、systemd 治理 apiserver

6.5.1、创立 service

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
 
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

6.5.2、启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-apiserver
systemctl enable kube-apiserver

6.5.3、受权 kubelet-bootstrap 用户容许申请证书

kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap

6.6、部署 kube-controller-manager

6.6.1、创立配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF

阐明:

  • –master:通过本地非平安本地端口 8080 连贯 apiserver。
  • –leader-elect:当该组件启动多个时,主动选举(HA)
  • –cluster-signing-cert-file/–cluster-signing-key-file:主动为 kubelet 颁发证书的 CA,与 apiserver 保持一致

6.6.2、systemd 治理 controller-manager

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
 
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

6.6.3、启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager

6.7、部署 kube-scheduler

6.7.1、创立配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--leader-elect \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--bind-address=127.0.0.1"
EOF

阐明:

  • –master:通过本地非平安本地端口 8080 连贯 apiserver。
  • –leader-elect:当该组件启动多个时,主动选举(HA)

6.7.2、systemd 治理 kube-scheduler

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
 
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

6.7.3、启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-scheduler
systemctl enable kube-scheduler

6.8、查看集群状态

所有组件都曾经启动胜利,通过 kubectl 工具查看以后集群组件状态:

[root@localhost ~]# kubectl get cs
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}  

如上输入阐明 Master 节点组件运行失常。

7、部署 Worker Node

上面还是在 Master Node 上操作,即同时作为 Worker Node

7.1、创立工作目录并拷贝二进制文件

在所有 worker node 创立工作目录:

mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 

从 master 节点拷贝:

cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin   # 本地拷贝

7.2、部署 kubelet

7.2.1、创立配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--hostname-override=k8s-master1 \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF

阐明:

  • –hostname-override:显示名称,集群中惟一
  • –network-plugin:启用 CNI
  • –kubeconfig:空门路,会主动生成,前面用于连贯 apiserver
  • –bootstrap-kubeconfig:首次启动向 apiserver 申请证书
  • –config:配置参数文件
  • –cert-dir:kubelet 证书生成目录
  • –pod-infra-container-image:治理 Pod 网络容器的镜像

7.2.2、配置参数文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local 
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: false
  webhook:
    cacheTTL: 2m0s
    enabled: true
  x509:
    clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
authorization:
  mode: Webhook
  webhook:
    cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
    cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
  imagefs.available: 15%
  memory.available: 100Mi
  nodefs.available: 10%
  nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF

7.2.3、生成 bootstrap.kubeconfig 文件

KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.219.161:6443" # apiserver IP:PORT
TOKEN="c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940" # 与 token.csv 里保持一致
 
# 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --token=${TOKEN} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

7.2.4、拷贝到配置文件门路

cp bootstrap.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg

7.2.5、systemd 治理 kubelet

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
 
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

7.2.6、启动并设置开机启动:

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet

7.3、批准 kubelet 证书申请并退出集群

# 查看 kubelet 证书申请
kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE    SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-uCEGPOIiDdlLODKts8J658HrFq9CZ--K6M4G7bjhk8A   6m3s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending
 
# 批准申请
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-uCEGPOIiDdlLODKts8J658HrFq9CZ--K6M4G7bjhk8A
 
# 查看节点
kubectl get node
NAME         STATUS     ROLES    AGE   VERSION
k8s-master1   NotReady   <none>   7s    v1.18.18

注:因为网络插件还没有部署,节点会没有准备就绪 NotReady

7.4、部署 kube-proxy

7.4.1、创立配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF

7.4.2、配置参数文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
clientConnection:
  kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
hostnameOverride: k8s-master1
clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
EOF

7.4.3、生成 kube-proxy.kubeconfig 文件

切换工作目录:

cd ~/TLS/k8s

创立 kube-proxy 证书申请文件:

cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

生成证书:

# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

# 查看证书
ls kube-proxy*pem
kube-proxy-key.pem  kube-proxy.pem

生成 kubeconfig 文件:

KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.219.161:6443"
 
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

拷贝到配置文件指定门路:

cp kube-proxy.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg/

7.4.4、systemd 治理 kube-proxy

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
 
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

7.4.5、启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy

7.5、部署 CNI 网络

7.5.1、先筹备好 CNI 二进制文件

下载地址:https://github.com/containern…

7.5.2、解压二进制包并挪动到默认工作目录

mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin
tar zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin

7.5.3、部署 CNI 网络

# 下载 kube-flannel.yml
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

# 默认镜像地址无法访问,批改为 docker hub 镜像仓库
sed -i -r "s#quay.io/coreos/flannel:.*-amd64#lizhenliang/flannel:v0.12.0-amd64#g" kube-flannel.yml

# 创立 flannel 网络
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

# 查看 pod
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME                          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-2pc95   1/1     Running   0          72s

# 查看 node
kubectl get node
NAME         STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
k8s-master1   Ready    <none>   41m   v1.18.18

7.6、受权 apiserver 拜访 kubelet

cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - nodes/proxy
      - nodes/stats
      - nodes/log
      - nodes/spec
      - nodes/metrics
      - pods/log
    verbs:
      - "*"
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: system:kube-apiserver
  namespace: ""
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
subjects:
  - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
    kind: User
    name: kubernetes
EOF
 
kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml

7.7、新减少 Worker Node

拷贝已部署好的 Node 相干文件到新节点

7.7.1、在 master 节点将 Worker Node 波及文件拷贝到新节点 192.168.219.162/163

scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@192.168.219.162:/opt/
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@192.168.219.162:/usr/lib/systemd/system
scp -r /opt/cni/ root@192.168.219.162:/opt/
scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@192.168.219.162:/opt/kubernetes/ssl

7.7.2、删除 kubelet 证书和 kubeconfig 文件

rm -rf /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig 
rm -rf /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*

注:这几个文件是证书申请审批后主动生成的,每个 Node 不同,必须删除从新生成。

7.7.3、批改主机名

vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=k8s-node1
 
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: k8s-node1

7.7.4、启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy

7.7.5、在 Master 上批准新 Node kubelet 证书申请

# 查看
kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE   SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-4zTjsaVSrhuyhIGqsefxzVoZDCNKei-aE2jyTP81Uro   89s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending

# 批准退出
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-4zTjsaVSrhuyhIGqsefxzVoZDCNKei-aE2jyTP81Uro

# 查看 node 状态
kubectl get node
NAME         STATUS     ROLES    AGE   VERSION
k8s-master1   Ready      <none>   65m   v1.18.18
k8s-node1    Ready      <none>   12m   v1.18.18
k8s-node2    Ready      <none>   81s   v1.18.18

k8s-node2(192.168.219.163)节点同上。记得批改主机名!

8、部署 Dashboard

8.1、部署 Dashboard

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0-beta8/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

默认 Dashboard 只能集群外部拜访,批改 Service 为 NodePort 类型,裸露到内部:

vi recommended.yaml
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
      nodePort: 30001
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

# 创立 flannel 网络
kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml

查看:

kubectl get pods,svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME                                             READY   STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE
pod/dashboard-metrics-scraper-694557449d-z8gfb   1/1     Running             0          2m18s
pod/kubernetes-dashboard-9774cc786-q2gsx         1/1     Running             0          2m19s
 
NAME                                TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)         AGE
service/dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.0.0.141   <none>        8000/TCP        2m19s
service/kubernetes-dashboard        NodePort    10.0.0.239   <none>        443:30001/TCP   2m19s

拜访地址:https://NodeIP:30001
创立 service account 并绑定默认 cluster-admin 管理员集群角色:

kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')

应用输入的 token 登录 Dashboard。

9、部署 CoreDNS

9.1、下载 coredns.yaml

应用 wget 命令下载下来的 coredns.yaml 文件有语法问题, 所以我这里提供个没有语法问题的 yaml 文件

CoreDNS 用于集群外部 Service 名称解析。
coredns.yaml 文件下载链接
提取码为:pm5t

9.2 创立 coredns

# 创立
kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml

# 查看
kubectl get pods -n kube-system 
NAME                          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
coredns-5ffbfd976d-j6shb      1/1     Running   0          32s
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-2pc95   1/1     Running   0          38m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-7qhdx   1/1     Running   0          15m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-99cr8   1/1     Running   0          26m

9.3、DNS 解析测试

解析命令:

kubectl run -it --rm dns-test --image=busybox:1.28.4 sh

输入:

If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter.
 
/ # nslookup kubernetes
Server:    10.0.0.2
Address 1: 10.0.0.2 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
 
Name:      kubernetes
Address 1: 10.0.0.1 kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local

解析没问题。
至此,单 Master 集群部署实现,接下来将单 Master 架构扩大为多 Master。

退出移动版