关于jquery:HTML-容器标签表格列表和div等

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“构造容器”标签是飞哥本人给的一个定义,意思就是这些标签:次要用做:

  • 定义文档构造
  • 作为其余标签的容器

^_^,大家将就了解一下吧!

列表(List)

有序列表

<ol> <!–ordered list–> <li> 有序列表 </li> <!–list item–> <li> 无序列表 </li> </ol>

无序列表

<ul> <!–unordered list–> <li> 有序列表 </li> <!–list item–> <li> 无序列表 </li> </ul>

列表还能够:

嵌套

<ol> <li> 有序列表 <ul> <li> 我是嵌套项 -1</li> <li> 我是嵌套项 -1</li> </ul> </li> <li> 无序列表 </li> </ol>

表格(table)

看一下这个表格,3 行 2 列

<!– row –>

<!–table head–>

<!–table data cell–>

h1h2
row 1, cell 1row 1, cell 2
row 2, cell 1row 2, cell 2

表格的难点在于它的:

####

#### 合并单元格

合并,是借用的 MS Office 中的表述,严格来讲,应该是“逾越”“延长”(span),能够在单元格(th/td)中应用属性:

* colspan:横向(column 列)合并
* rowspan:纵向(row 行)合并

h1h2
row 1, cell 1row 1, cell 2
row 2, cell 2

纵向合并了解起来稍稍有点绕,_(__演示__)_

表格在晚期被宽泛用于页面布局,但在 CSS 衰亡之后逐步被 div 所取代。

###

### div 和 span

div 能够了解为一个“块”,页面中的一大块。比方咱们一个网页,能够被分为这么几大块:

* 页头:蕴含了图片 logo 和导航条
* 注释:放入题目、段落、列表、表格等内容
* 页脚:友情链接等

咱们就能够用三个 div 予以示意:

<div> 页头 </div> <div> 注释 </div> <div> 页脚 </div>

而后每个 div 中再各自放入相应的元素。

@想一想 @:为什么要这样做?

div 的一个重要特点是:一个 div(默认)就会占一行,不论这个 div 外面的元素 / 内容有宽。

常常和它绝对比的就是 span,比方:

<span> 我又干啥伤天害理的事了?</span> <span> 一脸懵逼 </span> <span>。原来他又看到了我以前的一篇文章《为什么我不做培训》(找不到了,难道被我无耻的删了?^_^),而后我马上就想起来了,那篇文章里我写了我的理由,大略就是“怕误人子弟,怕同学们缴了钱学不会……”他们当初在调侃他们也学不会,我晓得他们在和我开玩笑,但啪啪打脸的赶脚,啧啧!</span>

其特点是:一个 span 的长度由其中的内容决定,有多长就是多长;多个 span 连贯,有余一行的宽度就在一行中拼接,超出一行的宽度就主动换行。

(比照演示)

具备 div 这种特色的元素就被称之为 块级元素 ,绝对的,具备 span 这种特色的元素就被称之为 流元素

这在当前学习 CSS 中十分有用。

###

### Html5 语义标签

大量应用 div,导致的一个问题就是:整页都是 div,眼睛都看花了……o(╯□╰)o

所以,Html5 推出了一批(有特定含意的)语义标签,罕用的有:

* header:页头
* nav:导航栏
* main:页面次要局部

* footer:页脚
* article:文章
* section:区域

* aside:侧边栏
* details:细节
* mark:标注
* ……

更多可参考:MDN:HTML5 sections_and_outlines

####

#### 语义化

从浏览器的后果来看,上述 html5 语义标签和 div 或 span 相比,并没有什么区别。

但 HTML5 提倡应用有语义的标签,而不是 div 这种(没有任何含意的)无语义的标签,为什么呢?

* 进步代码的可读性。再次强调:代码是写给人看的!开发人员读这些 html 代码的时候会更难受一些,这很重要。
* 语义化标签还能够给浏览器以外的:
1. 搜索引擎爬虫用,有助于 SEO
2. 其余设施应用,比方盲人阅读器,这时候通知这一段内容是导航、是文章、是侧边栏……就十分有用

标签语义化只是 HTML5 语义化 的一部分,前面咱们还要学习更多的语义化属性,如 alt/title 等
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