1、ServletContext

web 容器在启动的时候，它会为每个 web 程序都创立一个对应的 ServletContext 对象，它代表了以后 web 利用；
1、共享数据
我在这个 Servlet 中保留的数据，能够在另一个 servlet 中拿到
例子：给 Servlet 搁置数据

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
   protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse response) throws                               ServletException, IOException {//this.getInitParameter();// 初始化参数
   //this.getServletConfig();//Servlet 配置
   //this.getServletContext();//Servlet 上下文
    ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
    String username = "rygar";
    context.setAttribute("username",username);
    
}
@Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {super.doPost(req, resp);
    }

在另一个 Servlet 去取进去

public class GetServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        Object username = context.getAttribute("username");
        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        resp.getWriter().print(username);


    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {super.doPost(req, resp);
    }
}

web.xml 配置

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.jialidun.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>hello</servlet-class>
</servlet-mapping>

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>getc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.jialidun.servlet.GetServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>getc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>getc</servlet-class>
</servlet-mapping>

2、获取初始化参数

<!-- 配置一些 web 利用初始化参数 -->
<context-param>
    <param-name>url</param-name>
    <param-value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis</param-value>
<context-param>

public class GetServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws     ServletException, IOException {ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        String url = context.getInitParameter("url");
        resp.getWriter().print(url);
    
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {super.doPost(req, resp);
    }
}

3、申请转发

 @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
            RequestDispatcher requestDispatcher = context.getRequestDispatcher("/gp");// 转发的申请门路
        requestDispatcher.forward(req,resp);// 调用 forword 实现申请转发
 }

4、读取资源文件
Properties

• 在 java 目录下新建 properties

• 在 resources 目录下新建 properties
  发现：都被打包到了同一个门路下：classes，咱们俗称这个门路为 classpath
  思路：须要一个文件流

  username=root123
  password=123456

   @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {InputStream is = this.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/classes/db.properties");//   / 代表以后 web 我的项目
        Properties prop = new Properties();
        prop.load(is);
        String username = prop.getProperty("username");
        String password = prop.getProperty("password");
  
        resp.getWriter().print(username+":"+password); 
    }

  拜访测试后果