前言
大家好,我是梁木由,是一个有想头的前端。这几天再回顾基础知识时,对 Promise 有了较为深刻的了解,那明天就来分享下怎么由浅入深的把握 Promise 并且学会手写 Promise
概念
Promise 是异步编程的一种解决方案,比传统的解决方案——回调函数和事件——更正当和更弱小。它由社区最早提出和实现,ES6 将其写进了语言规范,对立了用法,原生提供了 Promise
对象。
所谓Promise
,简略说就是一个容器,外面保留着某个将来才会完结的事件(通常是一个异步操作)的后果。从语法上说,Promise 是一个对象,从它能够获取异步操作的音讯。Promise 提供对立的 API,各种异步操作都能够用同样的办法进行解决。
Promise 拉进去单练
那咱们先把 Promise 拉进去练练,看看是什么玩意,在控制台中打印看下
在上图能够看出什么信息呢,那咱们列举下
- 首先咱们看出在
new Promise
时,须要传入一个回调函数 - 它是一个类,并且会返回一个 Promise 对象
- 那还能够看出它有
constructor
构造函数,还有catch
、finally
、then
三个办法
那咱们根据上述剖析出的信息,简略实现一下
class CustomPromise {constructor(callBack) { }
catch() {}
then() {}
finally() {}
}
const customPromise = new CustomPromise()
console.log(customPromis)
看下咱们本人简略实现的输入后果
那咱们再写一个 Promise 的惯例用法
const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {console.log("hellow Promise");
});
console.log(promise);
那咱们来看看打印后果,能剖析出什么后果
- hellow promise 在控制台被输入了,那是不是说咱们传入的回调函数被立刻执行了,那阐明传入的是一个执行器
那再改良一下咱们的 CustomPromise
class CustomPromise {constructor(executor) {executor()
}
catch() {}
then() {}
finally() {}
}
const customPromise = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {console.log('hellow Promise')
})
console.log(customPromise)
Promise 基本原理与基本特征
那咱们来看看咱们所熟知的 Promise
的基本原理
- 首先咱们在调用 Promise 时,会返回一个 Promise 对象。
- 构建 Promise 对象时,须要传入一个 executor 函数,Promise 的次要业务流程都在 executor 函数中执行。
- 如果运行在 excutor 函数中的业务执行胜利了,会调用 resolve 函数;如果执行失败了,则调用 reject 函数。
- Promise 的状态不可逆,同时调用 resolve 函数和 reject 函数,默认会采取第一次调用的后果。
联合 Promise/A+ 标准,咱们还能够剖析出哪些基本特征
Promise/A+ 的标准比拟多,在这列出一下外围的标准。Promise/A+ 标准
- promise 有三个状态:pending,fulfilled,rejected,默认状态是 pending。
- promise 有一个 value 保留胜利状态的值,有一个 reason 保留失败状态的值,能够是 undefined/thenable/promise。
- promise 只能从 pending 到 rejected, 或者从 pending 到 fulfilled,状态一旦确认,就不会再扭转。
- promise 必须有一个 then 办法,then 接管两个参数,别离是 promise 胜利的回调 onFulfilled, 和 promise 失败的回调 onRejected。
- 如果 then 中抛出了异样,那么就会把这个异样作为参数,传递给下一个 then 的失败的回调 onRejected。
那CustomPromise
,还实现不了基本原理的 3,4 两条,那咱们来依据基本原理与 Promise/A+ 剖析下,还短少什么
- promise 有三个状态:pending,fulfilled,rejected。
- executor 执行器调用 reject 与 resolve 两个办法
- 还须要有保留胜利或失败两个值的变量
- then 接管两个参数,别离是胜利的回调 onFulfilled, 失败的回调 onRejected
那再来改良下CustomPromise
// 定义三个常量示意状态
const PENDING = 'pending';
const FULFILLED = 'fulfilled';
const REJECTED = 'rejected';
class CustomPromise {constructor(executor) {executor(this.resolve, this.reject);
}
// resolve 和 reject 为什么要用箭头函数?// 如果间接调用的话,一般函数 this 指向的是 window 或者 undefined
// 用箭头函数就能够让 this 指向以后实例对象
resolve = (value) => {this.value = value;};
reject = (value) => {this.reason = value;};
// 胜利之后的值
value = undefined;
// 失败之后的值
reason = undefined;
then(onFulfilled,onRejected) { }
catch() {}
finally() {}
}
那咱们依据 Promise 基本原理看看它原生 Promise 的成果
new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {resolve("胜利");
reject("失败");
}).then((value) => {console.log(value); // 后果为‘胜利’},
(err) => {console.log(err);
}
);
new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {reject("失败");
resolve("胜利");
}).then((value) => {console.log(value);
},
(err) => {console.log(err); // 后果为‘失败’}
);
能够看出与基本原理一样的成果,那咱们剖析下如何实现这种成果
- 须要管制 promise 状态
- 在 then 办法里要调用胜利或失败的回调函数
const PENDING = "pending";
const FULFILLED = "fulfilled";
const REJECTED = "rejected";
class CustomPromise {constructor(executor) {executor(this.resolve, this.reject);
}
// resolve 和 reject 为什么要用箭头函数?// 如果间接调用的话,一般函数 this 指向的是 window 或者 undefined
// 用箭头函数就能够让 this 指向以后实例对象
resolve = (value) => {
// promise 只能从 pending 到 rejected, 或者从 pending 到 fulfilled
if (this.status == PENDING) {
this.status = FULFILLED;
this.value = value;
}
};
reject = (err) => {
// promise 只能从 pending 到 rejected, 或者从 pending 到 fulfilled
if (this.status == PENDING) {
this.status = REJECTED;
this.reason = err;
}
};
status = PENDING;
// 胜利之后的值
value = undefined;
// 失败之后的值
reason = undefined;
then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
// 须要判断状态,依据状态抉择解决回调函数
if (this.status == FULFILLED) {onFulfilled(this.value);
} else if (this.status == REJECTED) {onRejected(this.reason);
}
}
catch() {}
finally() {}
}
来测试下CustomPromise
new CustomPromise(function (resolve, reject) {resolve("胜利");
reject("失败");
}).then((value) => {console.log(value);// 后果为‘胜利’},
(err) => {console.log(err);
}
);
new CustomPromise(function (resolve, reject) {reject("失败");
resolve("胜利");
}).then((value) => {console.log(value);
},
(err) => {console.log(err);// 后果为‘失败’}
);
Promise.then 链式调用
咱们都知到 Primose.then 是能够链式调用的,那咱们先看看原生成果
const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("start");
});
promise
.then((res) => {console.log(res);
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(() => {resolve("hellow");
},3000)
});
})
.then((res) => {console.log(res);
return "promise";
})
.then((res) => {console.log(res);
});
输入后果
start
hellow
promise
那咱们来剖析实现一下
- 首先.then 是须要返回一个 Promise
- 下一个.then 须要拿到上一个.then 的返回值
- 有异步操作的话,后一个回调函数,会期待该
Promise
对象的状态发生变化,在被调用 - 有异步操作的话,那就是说有工作队列,须要有收集回调函数的队列
const PENDING = "pending";
const FULFILLED = "fulfilled";
const REJECTED = "rejected";
class CustomPromise {constructor(executor) {executor(this.resolve, this.reject);
}
// resolve 和 reject 为什么要用箭头函数?// 如果间接调用的话,一般函数 this 指向的是 window 或者 undefined
// 用箭头函数就能够让 this 指向以后实例对象
resolve = (value) => {
// promise 只能从 pending 到 rejected, 或者从 pending 到 fulfilled
if (this.status == PENDING) {
this.status = FULFILLED;
this.value = value;
// resolve 外面将所有胜利的回调拿进去执行
if (this.onResolvedCallbacks.length) {this.onResolvedCallbacks.forEach((fn) => fn());
}
}
};
reject = (err) => {
// promise 只能从 pending 到 rejected, 或者从 pending 到 fulfilled
if (this.status == PENDING) {
this.status = REJECTED;
this.reason = err;
// reject 外面将所有失败的回调拿进去执行
if (this.onFulfilledCallbacks.length) {this.onFulfilledCallbacks.forEach((fn) => fn());
}
}
};
// 存储胜利回调函数
onResolvedCallbacks = [];
// 存储失败回调函数
onFulfilledCallbacks = [];
status = PENDING;
// 胜利之后的值
value = undefined;
// 失败之后的值
reason = undefined;
then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
// 如果不传,就应用默认函数, 确保是函数类型
onFulfilled =
typeof onFulfilled === "function" ? onFulfilled : (value) => value;
onRejected =
typeof onRejected === "function"
? onRejected
: (reason) => {throw reason;};
const thenCustomPromise = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {const resolveCustomPromise = (callBack, value) => {
try {const x = callBack(value);
// 如果相等了,阐明 return 的是本人,抛出类型谬误并返回
if (resolveCustomPromise === x) {return reject(new TypeError("类型谬误"));
}
// 判断 x 是不是 CustomPromise 实例对象
if (x instanceof CustomPromise) {
// 执行 x,调用 then 办法,目标是将其状态变为 fulfilled 或者 rejected
// x.then(value => resolve(value), error => reject(reason))
// 简化之后
x.then(resolve, reject);
} else {
// 一般值
resolve(x);
}
} catch (error) {reject(error);
}
};
// 须要判断状态,依据状态抉择解决回调函数
if (this.status == FULFILLED) {resolveCustomPromise(onFulfilled, this.value);
} else if (this.status == REJECTED) {resolveCustomPromise(onRejected, this.reason);
} else if (this.status == PENDING) {
// 当状态为 pending 时, 把 then 回调 push 进 resolve/reject 执行队列, 期待执行
this.onResolvedCallbacks.push(() =>
resolveCustomPromise(onFulfilled, this.value)
);
this.onFulfilledCallbacks.push(() =>
resolveCustomPromise(onRejected, this.reason)
);
}
});
return thenCustomPromise;
}
catch() {}
finally() {}
}
来验证下.then 的链式调用
const promise = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("start");
});
promise
.then((res) => {console.log(res);
return new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(() => {resolve("hellow");
}, 1000);
});
})
.then((res) => {console.log(res);
return "promise";
})
.then((res) => {console.log(res);
});
// 输入后果 start->hellow->promise
Promise.prototype.catch()
是 .then(null, rejection) 或是 .then(undefined, rejection)的别名,用于指定产生谬误时的回调函数
看下原生 promise 成果
const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("start");
});
promise
.then((res) => {console.log(res);
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {reject("hellow");
});
})
.catch(err => {console.log(err); return 'promise'})
.then(res => console.log(res))
输入后果
start
hellow
promise
根据上述原生 catch 咱们来剖析下后果
- 执行.then 的 onRejected 回调函数
- 并且能够持续链式调用
catch(onFulfilled) {return this.then(null, onFulfilled)
}
那咱们来验证下
const promise = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("start");
});
promise
.then((res) => {console.log(res);
return new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {reject("hellow");
});
})
.catch((err) => {console.log(err);
return "promise";
})
.then((res) => console.log(res));
// 输入后果
start
hellow
promise
Promise.resolve()
Promise.resolve(value)返回一个解析过的 Promise 对象,用法有一个 value 参数
-
如果参数是 Promise 实例,那么
Promise.resolve
将不做任何批改、一成不变地返回这个实例。-
const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("start"); }); const resolvePromise = Promise.resolve(promise); resolvePromise.then((res) => console.log(res));
-
-
如果参数是 具备
then
办法的对象Promise.resolve()
办法会将这个对象转为 Promise 对象,而后就立刻执行thenable
对象的then()
办法-
let thenable = {then: function(resolve, reject) {resolve('promise'); } }; let p1 = Promise.resolve(thenable); p1.then(function (res) {console.log(res); // promise
-
-
如果参数是一个原始值,或者是一个不具备
then()
办法的对象,则Promise.resolve()
办法返回一个新的 Promise 对象,状态为resolved
-
const p1 = Promise.resolve('promise'); p1.then(function (res) {console.log(res) });
-
-
Promise.resolve()
办法容许调用时不带参数,间接返回一个resolved
状态的 Promise 对象-
const p = Promise.resolve(); p.then(function () {// ...
-
参考资料:[ECMAScript 入门](https://es6.ruanyifeng.com/#d…
来 CustomPromise
增加动态 resolve 办法
// 动态的 resolve 办法
static resolve(value) {if (value instanceof CustomPromise) return value;
return new CustomPromise((resolve) => resolve(value));
}
Promise.reject()
Promise.reject(reason) 返回一个 Promise 实例,并且携带 reason
const promise = Promise.reject("rejected message")
// 相当于
// const promise2 = new Promsie((resolve, reject) => {// reject("rejected message")
// })
根据上述例子咱们来剖析下后果
- 能够看出无论 reason 传入什么内容,都是通过 reject()办法,那是不是能够了解为就是捕捉错误信息
来 CustomPromise
增加动态 reject 办法
// 动态的 reject 办法
static reject(reason) {return new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => reject(reason));
}
Promise.prototype.finally()
finally()不接管参数,并且在.then 或.catch 回调函数执行完当前,再执行 finally 中的办法
看下原生 promise 成果
const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("start");
});
promise
.then((res) => {console.log(res);
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("hellow");
});
})
.then((res) => {console.log(res);
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("promise");
});
})
.finally(() => {console.log("finally");
return "is finally";
})
.then((res) => console.log(res));
输入后果
start
hellow
finally
promise
根据上述原生 finally 咱们来剖析下后果
- finally 办法和 then 以及 catch 一样,都能够返回一个新的 Promise
- finally 并不会影响之前返回的 Promise 对象
- 能够持续链式调用并且获取之前 Promise 的值
来 CustomPromise
增加动态 finally 办法
finally(callback) {
return this.then((value) => CustomPromise.resolve(callback()).then(() => value),
(reason) => CustomPromise.resolve(callback()).then(() => reason)
);
}
那咱们来验证下
const promise = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("start");
});
promise
.then((res) => {console.log(res);
return new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("hellow");
});
})
.then((res) => {console.log(res);
return new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("promise");
});
})
.finally(() => {console.log("finally");
return "is finally";
})
.then((res) => console.log(res));
// 输入后果
start
hellow
finally
promise
Promise.all()
Promise.all() 办法接管一个 promise 的 iterable 类型 (Array,Map,Set 都属于 ES6 的 iterable 类型) 并返回一个新的 Promise 实例
看下原生 Promise.all()
成果
let p1 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("start");
}).then((res) => res);
let p2 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("hellow");
}).then((res) => res);
let p3 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("promise");
}).then((res) => res);
Promise.all([p1, p2, p3])
.then((res) => console.log("success:", res))
.catch((err) => console.log("error:", err));
// 输入后果 success:['start', 'hellow', 'promise']
let p1 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("start");
}).then((res) => res);
let p2 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {reject("报错了");
}).then((res) => res);
let p3 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {reject("报错了 2");
}).then((res) => res);
Promise.all([p1, p2, p3])
.then((res) => console.log("success:", res))
.catch((err) => console.log("error:", err));
// 输入后果 error: 报错了
那咱们来依据输入后果剖析下
- 胜利的时候返回的是一个后果数组
- 失败的时候则返回最先被 reject 失败状态的值
来 CustomPromise
增加动态 all()办法
// 动态的 all 办法
static all(values){let result = [];
let index = 0;
return new CustomPromise((resolve,reject) => {function addPromise(key, value) {result[key] = value
index++
if (index === values.length) {resolve(result)
}
}
for(let i = 0; i < values.length; i++){let item = values[i];
if(item instanceof CustomPromise){
// 参数为 Promise
item.then(value => addPromise(i,value), error => reject(reason))
}else{
// 参数为一般值
addPromise(i,item)
}
}
})
}
那咱们来验证下
let p1 = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("start");
});
let p2 = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("hellow");
});
let p3 = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("promise");
});
CustomPromise.all([p1, p2, p3])
.then((res) => console.log("success:", res))
.catch((err) => console.log("error:", err));
// 输入后果 success:['start', 'hellow', 'promise']
let p1 = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {resolve("start");
}).then((res) => res);
let p2 = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {reject("报错了");
}).then((res) => res);
let p3 = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {reject("报错了 2");
}).then((res) => res);
CustomPromise.all([p1, p2, p3])
.then((res) => console.log("success:", res))
.catch((err) => console.log("error:", err));
// 输入后果 error: 报错了
Promise.race()
Promise.race()
办法返回一个 promise,一旦迭代器中的某个 promise 解决或回绝,返回的 promise 就会解决或回绝。
var p1 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {setTimeout(resolve, 300, "start");
});
var p2 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {setTimeout(resolve, 100, "hellow");
});
const p = Promise.race([p1, p2]).then(function(value) {console.log(value); // "hellow"
});
来剖析下那就是有一个实例先扭转状态,p 的状态就跟着扭转
来 CustomPromise
增加动态 race()办法
// 动态 race 办法
static race(values) {return new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {for (const p of values) {p.then(resolve, reject);
}
});
}
那咱们来验证下
var p1 = new CustomPromise(function(resolve, reject) {setTimeout(resolve, 300, "start");
});
var p2 = new CustomPromise(function(resolve, reject) {setTimeout(resolve, 100, "hellow");
});
const p = CustomPromise.race([p1, p2]).then(function(value) {console.log(value); // "hellow"
});
Promise.allSettled()
Promise.allSettled()
办法 不依赖于彼此胜利实现的异步工作,不论每一个操作是胜利还是失败,再进行下一步操作。
Promise.allSettled([Promise.resolve('start'),
Promise.reject(new Error("error")),
new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(() => resolve('hellow'), 0)),
'promise',
]).then((values) => console.log(values));
// [// { status: 'fulfilled', value: start},
// {status: 'rejected', reason: Error: error},
// {status: 'fulfilled', value: hellow},
// {status: 'fulfilled', value: promise}
// ]
来剖析下后果
- status 一个字符串,要么是
"fulfilled"
,要么是"rejected"
,示意 promise 的最终状态。 - value 当
status
为"fulfilled"
,在 promise 解决时才有 value - reason 当
status
为"rejected"
,在 promsie 回绝时才有 reason
来 CustomPromise
增加动态 allSettled()办法
// 动态 allSettled 办法
static allSettled(values) {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {let resolveDataList = [],
resolveCount = 0;
const addPromise = (status, value, i) => {resolveDataList[i] = {
status,
value,
};
resolveCount++;
if (resolveCount === values.length) {resolve(resolveDataList);
}
};
values.forEach((value, i) => {if (value instanceof CustomPromise) {
value.then((res) => {addPromise("fulfilled", res, i);
},
(err) => {addPromise("rejected", err, i);
}
);
} else {addPromise("fulfilled", value, i);
}
});
});
}
来验证下
CustomPromise.allSettled([CustomPromise.resolve('start'),
CustomPromise.reject(new Error("error")),
new CustomPromise((resolve) => setTimeout(() => resolve('hellow'), 0)),
'promise',
]).then((values) => console.log(values));
// [// { status: 'fulfilled', value: start},
// {status: 'rejected', reason: Error: error},
// {status: 'fulfilled', value: hellow},
// {status: 'fulfilled', value: promise}
// ]
Promise.any()
Promise.any()接管一个由
Promise 所组成的可迭代对象,返回一个新的
promise
const p1 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(resolve, 100, "start");
});
const p2 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {reject("报错了");
});
const p3 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(resolve, 500, "promise");
});
Promise.any([p1, p2, p3]).then((value) => {console.log(value);
// start
})
const p1 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(reject, 100, "start");
});
const p2 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {reject("报错了");
});
const p3 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(reject, 500, "promise");
});
Promise.any([p1, p2, p3])
.then((value) => {console.log("value:", value);
})
.catch((err) => {console.log("err:", err); //err: AggregateError: All promises were rejected
});
那咱们来剖析下
- 与 all()不同,只有有一个
promise
胜利,会返回首个胜利的promise
的值,办法提前结束 - 如果所有 Promise 都失败,则报错 All promises were
来 CustomPromise
增加动态 any()办法
// 动态 any 办法
static any(values) {return new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {
let rejectCount = 0;
values.forEach((value) => {
value.then((val) => resolve(val),
(err) => {
rejectCount++;
if (rejectCount === value.length) {reject("All promises were rejected");
}
}
);
});
});
}
咱们来验证下
const p1 = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(resolve, 100, "start");
});
const p2 = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {reject("报错了");
});
const p3 = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(resolve, 500, "promise");
});
CustomPromise.any([p1, p2, p3])
.then((value) => {console.log("value:", value); //value: start
})
.catch((err) => {console.log("err:", err);
});
const p1 = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(reject, 100, "start");
});
const p2 = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {reject("报错了");
});
const p3 = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(reject, 500, "promise");
});
CustomPromise.any([p1, p2, p3])
.then((value) => {console.log("value:", value);
})
.catch((err) => {console.log("err:", err); //err: All promises were rejected
});
残缺代码
const PENDING = "pending";
const FULFILLED = "fulfilled";
const REJECTED = "rejected";
class CustomPromise {constructor(executor) {
try {executor(this.resolve, this.reject);
} catch (error) {
// 如果有谬误,就间接执行 reject
this.reject(error);
}
}
// resolve 和 reject 为什么要用箭头函数?// 如果间接调用的话,一般函数 this 指向的是 window 或者 undefined
// 用箭头函数就能够让 this 指向以后实例对象
resolve = (value) => {
// promise 只能从 pending 到 rejected, 或者从 pending 到 fulfilled
if (this.status == PENDING) {
this.status = FULFILLED;
this.value = value;
// resolve 外面将所有胜利的回调拿进去执行
if (this.onResolvedCallbacks.length) {this.onResolvedCallbacks.forEach((fn) => fn());
}
}
};
reject = (err) => {
// promise 只能从 pending 到 rejected, 或者从 pending 到 fulfilled
if (this.status == PENDING) {
this.status = REJECTED;
this.reason = err;
// reject 外面将所有失败的回调拿进去执行
if (this.onFulfilledCallbacks.length) {this.onFulfilledCallbacks.forEach((fn) => fn());
}
}
};
// 存储胜利回调函数
onResolvedCallbacks = [];
// 存储失败回调函数
onFulfilledCallbacks = [];
status = PENDING;
// 胜利之后的值
value = undefined;
// 失败之后的值
reason = undefined;
then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
// 如果不传,就应用默认函数, 确保是函数类型
onFulfilled =
typeof onFulfilled === "function" ? onFulfilled : (value) => value;
onRejected =
typeof onRejected === "function"
? onRejected
: (reason) => {throw reason;};
const thenCustomPromise = new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {const resolveCustomPromise = (callBack, value) => {
try {const x = callBack(value);
// 如果相等了,阐明 return 的是本人,抛出类型谬误并返回
if (resolveCustomPromise === x) {return reject(new TypeError("类型谬误"));
}
// 判断 x 是不是 CustomPromise 实例对象
if (x instanceof CustomPromise) {
// 执行 x,调用 then 办法,目标是将其状态变为 fulfilled 或者 rejected
// x.then(value => resolve(value), error => reject(reason))
// 简化之后
x.then(resolve, reject);
} else {
// 一般值
resolve(x);
}
} catch (error) {reject(error);
}
};
// 须要判断状态,依据状态抉择解决回调函数
if (this.status == FULFILLED) {resolveCustomPromise(onFulfilled, this.value);
} else if (this.status == REJECTED) {resolveCustomPromise(onRejected, this.reason);
} else if (this.status == PENDING) {
// 当状态为 pending 时, 把 then 回调 push 进 resolve/reject 执行队列, 期待执行
this.onResolvedCallbacks.push(() =>
resolveCustomPromise(onFulfilled, this.value)
);
this.onFulfilledCallbacks.push(() =>
resolveCustomPromise(onRejected, this.reason)
);
}
});
return thenCustomPromise;
}
catch(onFulfilled) {return this.then(null, onFulfilled);
}
finally(callback) {
return this.then((value) => CustomPromise.resolve(callback()).then(() => value),
(reason) => CustomPromise.resolve(callback()).then(() => reason)
);
}
// 动态的 resolve 办法
static resolve(value) {if (value instanceof CustomPromise) return value;
return new CustomPromise((resolve) => resolve(value));
}
// 动态的 reject 办法
static reject(reason) {return new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => reject(reason));
}
// 动态的 all 办法
static all(values) {
// 用来记录 Promise 胜利的次数
let resolveCount = 0,
// 用来保留 Promise 胜利的后果
resolveDataList = [];
return new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {function addPromise(key, value) {resolveDataList[key] = value;
resolveCount++;
if (resolveCount === values.length) {resolve(resolveDataList);
}
}
for (let i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {let item = values[i];
if (item instanceof CustomPromise) {
// 参数为 Promise
item.then((value) => addPromise(i, value),
(error) => reject(error)
);
} else {
// 参数为一般值
addPromise(i, item);
}
}
});
}
// 动态 race 办法
static race(values) {return new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {for (const p of values) {p.then(resolve, reject);
}
});
}
// 动态 allSettled 办法
static allSettled(values) {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {let resolveDataList = [],
resolveCount = 0;
const addPromise = (status, value, i) => {resolveDataList[i] = {
status,
value,
};
resolveCount++;
if (resolveCount === values.length) {resolve(resolveDataList);
}
};
values.forEach((value, i) => {if (value instanceof CustomPromise) {
value.then((res) => {addPromise("fulfilled", res, i);
},
(err) => {addPromise("rejected", err, i);
}
);
} else {addPromise("fulfilled", value, i);
}
});
});
}
// 动态 any 办法
static any(values) {return new CustomPromise((resolve, reject) => {
let rejectCount = 0;
values.forEach((value) => {
value.then((val) => resolve(val),
(err) => {
rejectCount++;
if (rejectCount === value.length) {reject("All promises were rejected");
}
}
);
});
});
}
}
结语
对于 Promise 的实现就到这里了,心愿能跟大家一起提高⛽️⛽️⛽️
如果写的有问题,欢送大家指出问题,一起探讨,让我再打磨打磨
最初呢,心愿大家反对一下 , 长文不易 , 记得给点个赞👍👍👍