关于javascript:10个常见的前端手写功能你全都会吗

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万丈高楼平地起,地基打的牢,能力永远立于不败之地。明天给大家带来的是 10 个常见的 JavaScript 手写性能,重要的中央已增加正文。有的是借鉴他人的,有的是本人写的,如有不正确的中央,欢送多多斧正。

1、防抖

function debounce(fn, delay) {
  let timer
  return function (...args) {if (timer) {clearTimeout(timer)
    }
    timer = setTimeout(() => {fn.apply(this, args)
    }, delay)
  }
}

// 测试
function task() {console.log('run task')
}
const debounceTask = debounce(task, 1000)
window.addEventListener('scroll', debounceTask)

2、节流

function throttle(fn, delay) {
  let last = 0 // 上次触发工夫
  return (...args) => {const now = Date.now()
    if (now - last > delay) {
      last = now
      fn.apply(this, args)
    }
  }
}

// 测试
function task() {console.log('run task')
}
const throttleTask = throttle(task, 1000)
window.addEventListener('scroll', throttleTask)

3、深拷贝

function deepClone(obj, cache = new WeakMap()) {if (typeof obj !== 'object') return obj // 一般类型,间接返回
  if (obj === null) return obj
  if (cache.get(obj)) return cache.get(obj) // 避免循环援用,程序进入死循环
  if (obj instanceof Date) return new Date(obj)
  if (obj instanceof RegExp) return new RegExp(obj)
  
  // 找到所属原型上的 constructor,所属原型上的 constructor 指向以后对象的构造函数
  let cloneObj = new obj.constructor()
  cache.set(obj, cloneObj) // 缓存拷贝的对象,用于解决循环援用的状况
  for (let key in obj) {if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {cloneObj[key] = deepClone(obj[key], cache) // 递归拷贝
    }
  }
  return cloneObj
}

// 测试
const obj = {name: 'Jack', address: { x: 100, y: 200} }
obj.a = obj // 循环援用
const newObj = deepClone(obj)
console.log(newObj.address === obj.address) // false

4、实现 Promise

class MyPromise {constructor(executor) { // executor 执行器
    this.status = 'pending' // 期待状态
    this.value = null // 胜利或失败的参数
    this.fulfilledCallbacks = [] // 胜利的函数队列
    this.rejectedCallbacks = [] // 失败的函数队列
    const that = this
    function resolve(value) { // 胜利的办法
      if (that.status === 'pending') {
        that.status = 'resolved'
        that.value = value
        that.fulfilledCallbacks.forEach(myFn => myFn(that.value)) // 执行回调办法
      }
    }
    function reject(value) { // 失败的办法
      if (that.status === 'pending') {
        that.status = 'rejected'
        that.value = value
        that.rejectedCallbacks.forEach(myFn => myFn(that.value)) // 执行回调办法
      }
    }
    try {executor(resolve, reject)
    } catch (err) {reject(err)
    }
  }
  then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {if (this.status === 'pending') {
      // 期待状态,增加回调函数到胜利的函数队列
      this.fulfilledCallbacks.push(() => {onFulfilled(this.value)
      })
      // 期待状态,增加回调函数到失败的函数队列
      this.rejectedCallbacks.push(() => {onRejected(this.value)
      })
    }
    if (this.status === 'resolved') { // 反对同步调用
      console.log('this', this)
      onFulfilled(this.value)
    }
    if (this.status === 'rejected') { // 反对同步调用
      onRejected(this.value)
    }
  }
}

// 测试
function fn() {return new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(() => {if(Math.random() > 0.6) {resolve(1)
      } else {reject(2)
      }
    }, 1000)
  })
}
fn().then(
  res => {console.log('res', res) // res 1
  },
  err => {console.log('err', err) // err 2
  })

5、异步控制并发数

function limitRequest(urls = [], limit = 5) {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    const len = urls.length
    let count = 0 // 以后进行到第几个工作

    const start = async () => {const url = urls.shift() // 从数组中拿取第一个工作
      if (url) {
        try {await axios.post(url)
          if (count == len - 1) {
            // 最初一个工作
            resolve()} else {
            count++
            // 胜利,启动下一个工作
            start()}
        } catch (e) {
          count++
          // 失败,也启动下一个工作
          start()}
      }
    }

    // 启动 limit 个工作
    while (limit > 0) {start()
      limit -= 1
    }
  })
}

// 测试
limitRequest(['http://xxa', 'http://xxb', 'http://xxc', 'http://xxd', 'http://xxe'])

6、ES5 继承(寄生组合继承)

function Parent(name) {this.name = name}
Parent.prototype.eat = function () {console.log(this.name + 'is eating')
}

function Child(name, age) {Parent.call(this, name)
  this.age = age
}
Child.prototype = Object.create(Parent.prototype)
Child.prototype.contructor = Child
Child.prototype.study = function () {console.log(this.name + 'is studying')
}

// 测试
let child = new Child('xiaoming', 16)
console.log(child.name) // xiaoming
child.eat() // xiaoming is eating
child.study() // xiaoming is studying

7、数组排序

sort 排序

// 对数字进行排序,简写
const arr = [3, 2, 4, 1, 5]
arr.sort((a, b) => a - b)
console.log(arr) // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

// 对字母进行排序,简写
const arr = ['b', 'c', 'a', 'e', 'd']
arr.sort()
console.log(arr) // ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']

冒泡排序

function bubbleSort(arr) {
  let len = arr.length
  for (let i = 0; i < len - 1; i++) {
    // 从第一个元素开始,比拟相邻的两个元素,前者大就替换地位
    for (let j = 0; j < len - 1 - i; j++) {if (arr[j] > arr[j + 1]) {let num = arr[j]
        arr[j] = arr[j + 1]
        arr[j + 1] = num
      }
    }
    // 每次遍历完结,都能找到一个最大值,放在数组最初
  }
  return arr
}

// 测试
console.log(bubbleSort([2, 3, 1, 5, 4])) // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

8、数组去重

Set 去重

cosnt newArr = [...new Set(arr)] 

Array.from 去重

const newArr = Array.from(new Set(arr))

indexOf 去重

function resetArr(arr) {let res = []
  arr.forEach(item => {if (res.indexOf(item) === -1) {res.push(item)
    }
  })
  return res
}

// 测试
const arr = [1, 1, 2, 3, 3]
console.log(resetArr(arr)) // [1, 2, 3]

9、获取 url 参数

URLSearchParams 办法

// 创立一个 URLSearchParams 实例
const urlSearchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
// 把键值对列表转换为一个对象
const params = Object.fromEntries(urlSearchParams.entries());

split 办法

function getParams(url) {const res = {}
  if (url.includes('?')) {const str = url.split('?')[1]
    const arr = str.split('&')
    arr.forEach(item => {const key = item.split('=')[0]
      const val = item.split('=')[1]
      res[key] = decodeURIComponent(val) // 解码
    })
  }
  return res
}

// 测试
const user = getParams('http://www.baidu.com?user=%E9%98%BF%E9%A3%9E&age=16')
console.log(user) // {user: '阿飞', age: '16'}

10、事件总线 | 公布订阅模式

class EventEmitter {constructor() {this.cache = {}
  }

  on(name, fn) {if (this.cache[name]) {this.cache[name].push(fn)
    } else {this.cache[name] = [fn]
    }
  }

  off(name, fn) {const tasks = this.cache[name]
    if (tasks) {const index = tasks.findIndex((f) => f === fn || f.callback === fn)
      if (index >= 0) {tasks.splice(index, 1)
      }
    }
  }

  emit(name, once = false) {if (this.cache[name]) {
      // 创立正本,如果回调函数内持续注册雷同事件,会造成死循环
      const tasks = this.cache[name].slice()
      for (let fn of tasks) {fn();
      }
      if (once) {delete this.cache[name]
      }
    }
  }
}

// 测试
const eventBus = new EventEmitter()
const task1 = () => { console.log('task1'); }
const task2 = () => { console.log('task2'); }

eventBus.on('task', task1)
eventBus.on('task', task2)
eventBus.off('task', task1)
setTimeout(() => {eventBus.emit('task') // task2
}, 1000)

以上就是工作或求职中最常见的手写性能,你是不是全都把握了呢,欢送在评论区交换。如果文章对你有所帮忙,不要忘了点上贵重的一赞!

据说点赞的人运气都不差,置信来年第一个升职加薪的肯定是你~😃

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