简介: 本文次要剖析阿里巴巴团体开源的流量管制中间件 Sentinel,其原生反对了 Java/Go/C++ 等多种语言,本文仅仅剖析其 Go 语言实现。下文如无非凡阐明,sentinel 指代 Sentinel-Go。
作者 | 于雨 apache/dubbo-go 我的项目负责人
本文作者系 apache/dubbo-go 我的项目负责人,目前在 dubbogo 我的项目中已内置可用 sentinel-go,如果想独自应用可参考 在 dubbo-go 中应用 sentinel 一文,若有其余疑难可进 dubbogo 社区【钉钉群 23331795】进行沟通。
导读:本文次要剖析阿里巴巴团体开源的流量管制中间件 Sentinel,其原生反对了 Java/Go/C++ 等多种语言,本文仅仅剖析其 Go 语言实现。下文如无非凡阐明,sentinel 指代 Sentinel-Go。
1 基本概念 Resource 和 Rule
1.1 Resource
_// ResourceType represents classification of the resources_
type ResourceType int32
const (
ResTypeCommon ResourceType = iota
ResTypeWeb
ResTypeRPC
)
_// TrafficType describes the traffic type: Inbound or Outbound_
type TrafficType int32
const (_// Inbound represents the inbound traffic (e.g. provider)_
Inbound TrafficType = iota
_// Outbound represents the outbound traffic (e.g. consumer)_
Outbound
)
_// ResourceWrapper represents the invocation_
type ResourceWrapper struct {
_// global unique resource name_
name string
_// resource classification_
classification ResourceType
_// Inbound or Outbound_
flowType TrafficType
}
Resource(ResourceWrapper) 存储了利用场景 ResourceType,以及指标流控的方向 FlowType(TrafficType)。
1.2 Entry
_// EntryOptions represents the options of a Sentinel resource entry._
type EntryOptions struct {
resourceType base.ResourceType
entryType base.TrafficType
acquireCount uint32
slotChain *base.SlotChain
}
type EntryContext struct {
entry *SentinelEntry
_// Use to calculate RT_
startTime uint64
Resource *ResourceWrapper
StatNode StatNode
Input *SentinelInput
_// the result of rule slots check_
RuleCheckResult *TokenResult
}
type SentinelEntry struct {
res *ResourceWrapper
_// one entry bounds with one context_
ctx *EntryContext
sc *SlotChain
}
Entry 实体 SentinelEntry 关联了 Resource(ResourceWrapper) 以及其流控规定汇合 SlotChain。每个 Entry 实体有一个上下文环境 EntryContext,存储每个 Rule 检测时用到的一些流控参数和流控断定后果。
值得注意的是,SentinelEntry.sc
值来自于 EntryOptions.slotChain
,EntryOptions.slotChain
存储了全局 SlotChain 对象 api/slot_chain.go:globalSlotChain
。
至于何为 SlotChain
,就是 sentinel 提供的所有的流控组件的汇合,能够简略地认为每个流控组件就是一个 Slot,其详细分析见[[3.5 SlotChain]](#3.5)。
sentinel 一些变量和函数命名的可读性较差,如 EntryOptions.acquireCount
切实无奈让人顾名思义,看过函数 core/api.go:WithAcquireCount()
的正文才明确:EntryOptions.acquireCount
是批量动作执行次数。如有的一次 RPC 申请中调用了服务端的一个服务接口,则取值 1【也是 EntryOptions.acquireCount
的默认取值】,如果调用了服务端的 3 个服务接口,则取值 3。所以倡议改名为 EntryOptions.batchCount
比拟好,思考到最小改变准则,能够在保留 core/api.go:WithAcquireCount()
的同时减少一个同样性能的 core/api.go:WithBatchCount()
接口。相干改良曾经提交到 pr 263。
1.3 Rule
type TokenCalculateStrategy int32
const (
Direct TokenCalculateStrategy = iota
WarmUp
)
type ControlBehavior int32
const (
Reject ControlBehavior = iota
Throttling
)
_// Rule describes the strategy of flow control, the flow control strategy is based on QPS statistic metric_
type Rule struct {
_// Resource represents the resource name._
Resource string `json:"resource"`
ControlBehavior ControlBehavior `json:"controlBehavior"`
_// Threshold means the threshold during StatIntervalInMs_
_// If StatIntervalInMs is 1000(1 second), Threshold means QPS_
Threshold float64 `json:"threshold"`
MaxQueueingTimeMs uint32 `json:"maxQueueingTimeMs"`
_// StatIntervalInMs indicates the statistic interval and it's the optional setting for flow Rule._
_// If user doesn't set StatIntervalInMs, that means using default metric statistic of resource._
_// If the StatIntervalInMs user specifies can not reuse the global statistic of resource,_
_// sentinel will generate independent statistic structure for this rule._
StatIntervalInMs uint32 `json:"statIntervalInMs"`
}
Rule 记录了某 Resource 的限流断定阈值 Threshold、限流工夫窗口计时长度 StatIntervalInMs 以及 触发限流后的判罚动作 ControlBehavior。
下面外围是 Rule 的接口 RuleCheckSlot,至于 StatSlot 则用于统计 sentinel 本身的运行 metrics。
1.4 Flow
以后章节次要剖析流控中的限流(core/flow),依据流控的解决流程梳理 sentinel 整体骨架。
1.4.1 TrafficShapingController
所谓 TrafficShapingController
,顾名思义,就是 流量塑形控制器,是流控的具体实施者。
_// core/flow/traffic_shaping.go_
_// TrafficShapingCalculator calculates the actual traffic shaping threshold_
_// based on the threshold of rule and the traffic shaping strategy._
type TrafficShapingCalculator interface {CalculateAllowedTokens(acquireCount uint32, flag int32) float64
}
type DirectTrafficShapingCalculator struct {threshold float64}
func (d *DirectTrafficShapingCalculator) CalculateAllowedTokens(uint32, int32) float64 {return d.threshold}
TrafficShapingCalculator
接口用于计算限流的下限,如果不应用 warm-up 性能,能够不去深究其实现,其实体之一 DirectTrafficShapingCalculator 返回 Rule.Threshold
【用户设定的限流下限】。
_// TrafficShapingChecker performs checking according to current metrics and the traffic_
_// shaping strategy, then yield the token result._
type TrafficShapingChecker interface {DoCheck(resStat base.StatNode, acquireCount uint32, threshold float64) *base.TokenResult
}
type RejectTrafficShapingChecker struct {rule *Rule}
func (d *RejectTrafficShapingChecker) DoCheck(resStat base.StatNode, acquireCount uint32, threshold float64) *base.TokenResult {metricReadonlyStat := d.BoundOwner().boundStat.readOnlyMetric
if metricReadonlyStat == nil {return nil}
curCount := float64(metricReadonlyStat.GetSum(base.MetricEventPass))
if curCount+float64(acquireCount) > threshold {return base.NewTokenResultBlockedWithCause(base.BlockTypeFlow, "", d.rule, curCount)
}
return nil
}
RejectTrafficShapingChecker
根据 Rule.Threshold
断定 Resource 在以后工夫窗口是否超限,其限流后果 TokenResultStatus
只可能是 Pass 或者 Blocked。
sentinel flow 还有一个匀速限流 ThrottlingChecker
,它的目标是让申请匀速被执行,把一个工夫窗口【譬如 1s】依据 threshold 再细分为更细的微工夫窗口,在每个微工夫窗口最多执行一次申请,其限流后果 TokenResultStatus
只可能是 Pass 或者 Blocked 或者 Wait,其相干意义别离为:
- Pass:在微工夫窗口内无超限,申请通过;
- Wait:在微工夫窗口内超限,被滞后若干工夫窗口执行,在这段时间内申请须要期待;
- Blocked:在微工夫窗口内超限,且等待时间超过用户设定的最大违心等待时间长度【Rule.MaxQueueingTimeMs】,申请被回绝。
type TrafficShapingController struct {
flowCalculator TrafficShapingCalculator
flowChecker TrafficShapingChecker
rule *Rule
_// boundStat is the statistic of current TrafficShapingController_
boundStat standaloneStatistic
}
func (t *TrafficShapingController) PerformChecking(acquireCount uint32, flag int32) *base.TokenResult {allowedTokens := t.flowCalculator.CalculateAllowedTokens(acquireCount, flag)
return t.flowChecker.DoCheck(resStat, acquireCount, allowedTokens)
}
在 Direct + Reject
限流的场景下,这三个接口其实并无多大意义,其外围函数 TrafficShapingController.PerformChecking()
的次要流程是:
- 1 从 TrafficShapingController.boundStat 中获取以后 Resource 的 metrics 值【curCount】;
- 2 如果 curCount + batchNum(acquireCount) > Rule.Threshold,则 pass,否则就 reject。
在限流场景下,TrafficShapingController
四个成员的意义如下:
- flowCalculator 计算限流下限;
- flowChecker 执行限流 Check 动作;
- rule 存储限流规定;
- boundStat 存储限流的 Check 后果和工夫窗口参数,作为下次限流 Check 动作断定的根据。
1.4.2 TrafficControllerMap
在执行限流断定时,须要依据 Resource 名称获取其对应的 TrafficShapingController
。
_// TrafficControllerMap represents the map storage for TrafficShapingController._
type TrafficControllerMap map[string][]*TrafficShapingController
_// core/flow/rule_manager.go_
tcMap = make(TrafficControllerMap)
package 级别全局公有变量 tcMap 存储了所有的 Rule,其 key 为 Resource 名称,value 则是与 Resource 对应的 TrafficShapingController。
用户级别接口函数 core/flow/rule_manager.go:LoadRules()
会依据用户定义的 Rule 结构其对应的 TrafficShapingController
存入 tcMap
,这个接口调用函数 generateStatFor(*Rule)
结构 TrafficShapingController.boundStat
。
限流场景下,函数 generateStatFor(*Rule)
的外围代码如下:
func generateStatFor(rule *Rule) (*standaloneStatistic, error) {resNode = stat.GetOrCreateResourceNode(rule.Resource, base.ResTypeCommon)
_// default case, use the resource's default statistic_
readStat := resNode.DefaultMetric()
retStat.reuseResourceStat = true
retStat.readOnlyMetric = readStat
retStat.writeOnlyMetric = nil
return &retStat, nil
}
2 Metrics
Resource 的指标 Metrics 是进行 Rule 断定的根底。
2.1 原子工夫轮 AtomicBucketWrapArray
Sentinel 库功能丰富,但无论是限流还是熔断,其存储根底都是滑动工夫窗口。其间蕴含了泛滥优化:如无锁定长时间轮。
滑动窗口实现有很多种,工夫轮算法是其中一种比较简单的实现,在工夫轮算法之上能够实现多种限流办法。工夫轮整体框图如下:
1 BucketWrap
工夫轮的最根本单元是一个桶【工夫窗口】。
_// BucketWrap represent a slot to record metrics_
_// In order to reduce the usage of memory, BucketWrap don't hold length of BucketWrap_
_// The length of BucketWrap could be seen in LeapArray._
_// The scope of time is [startTime, startTime+bucketLength)_
_// The size of BucketWrap is 24(8+16) bytes_
type BucketWrap struct {
_// The start timestamp of this statistic bucket wrapper._
BucketStart uint64
_// The actual data structure to record the metrics (e.g. MetricBucket)._
Value atomic.Value
}
补充:这里之所以用指针,是因为以 BucketWrap
为根底的 AtomicBucketWrapArray
会被多个 sentinel
流控组件应用,每个组件的流控参数不一,例如:
- 1
core/circuitbreaker/circuit_breaker.go:slowRtCircuitBreaker
应用的slowRequestLeapArray
的底层参数slowRequestCounter
_// core/circuitbreaker/circuit_breaker.go_
type slowRequestCounter struct {
slowCount uint64
totalCount uint64
}
- 2
core/circuitbreaker/circuit_breaker.go:errorRatioCircuitBreaker
应用的errorCounterLeapArray
的底层参数errorCounter
_// core/circuitbreaker/circuit_breaker.go_
type errorCounter struct {
errorCount uint64
totalCount uint64
}
1.1 MetricBucket
BucketWrap 能够认作是一种 工夫桶模板,具体的桶的实体是 MetricsBucket,其定义如下:
_// MetricBucket represents the entity to record metrics per minimum time unit (i.e. the bucket time span)._
_// Note that all operations of the MetricBucket are required to be thread-safe._
type MetricBucket struct {
_// Value of statistic_
counter [base.MetricEventTotal]int64
minRt int64
}
MetricBucket 存储了五种类型的 metric:
_// There are five events to record_
_// pass + block == Total_
const (
_// sentinel rules check pass_
MetricEventPass MetricEvent = iota
_// sentinel rules check block_
MetricEventBlock
MetricEventComplete
_// Biz error, used for circuit breaker_
MetricEventError
_// request execute rt, unit is millisecond_
MetricEventRt
_// hack for the number of event_
MetricEventTotal
)
2 AtomicBucketWrapArray
每个桶只记录了其起始工夫和 metric 值,至于每个桶的工夫窗口长度这种公共值则对立记录在 AtomicBucketWrapArray 内,AtomicBucketWrapArray 定义如下:
_// atomic BucketWrap array to resolve race condition_
_// AtomicBucketWrapArray can not append or delete element after initializing_
type AtomicBucketWrapArray struct {
_// The base address for real data array_
base unsafe.Pointer
_// The length of slice(array), it can not be modified._
length int
data []*BucketWrap}
AtomicBucketWrapArray.base 的值是 AtomicBucketWrapArray.data slice 的 data 区域的首指针。因为 AtomicBucketWrapArray.data 是一个固定长度的 slice,所以 AtomicBucketWrapArray.base 间接存储数据内存区域的首地址,以减速访问速度。
其次,AtomicBucketWrapArray.data 中存储的是 BucketWrap 的指针,而不是 BucketWrap。
NewAtomicBucketWrapArrayWithTime() 函数会预热一下,把所有的工夫桶都生成进去。
2.2 工夫轮
1 leapArray
_// Give a diagram to illustrate_
_// Suppose current time is 888, bucketLengthInMs is 200ms,_
_// intervalInMs is 1000ms, LeapArray will build the below windows_
_// B0 B1 B2 B3 B4_
_// |_______|_______|_______|_______|_______|_
_// 1000 1200 1400 1600 800 (1000)_
_// ^_
_// time=888_
type LeapArray struct {
bucketLengthInMs uint32
sampleCount uint32
intervalInMs uint32
array *AtomicBucketWrapArray
_// update lock_
updateLock mutex
}
LeapArray 各个成员解析:
- bucketLengthInMs 是漏桶长度,以毫秒为单位;
- sampleCount 则是工夫漏桶个数;
- intervalInMs 是工夫窗口长度,以毫秒为单位。
其正文中的 ASCII 图很好地解释了每个字段的含意。
LeapArray
外围函数是 LeapArray.currentBucketOfTime()
,其作用是依据某个工夫点获取其做对应的工夫桶 BucketWrap
,代码如下:
func (la *LeapArray) currentBucketOfTime(now uint64, bg BucketGenerator) (*BucketWrap, error) {
if now <= 0 {return nil, errors.New("Current time is less than 0.")
}
idx := la.calculateTimeIdx(now)
bucketStart := calculateStartTime(now, la.bucketLengthInMs)
for { _//spin to get the current BucketWrap_
old := la.array.get(idx)
if old == nil {
_// because la.array.data had initiated when new la.array_
_// theoretically, here is not reachable_
newWrap := &BucketWrap{
BucketStart: bucketStart,
Value: atomic.Value{},}
newWrap.Value.Store(bg.NewEmptyBucket())
if la.array.compareAndSet(idx, nil, newWrap) {return newWrap, nil} else {runtime.Gosched()
}
} else if bucketStart == atomic.LoadUint64(&old.BucketStart) {return old, nil} else if bucketStart > atomic.LoadUint64(&old.BucketStart) {
_// current time has been next cycle of LeapArray and LeapArray dont't count in last cycle._
_// reset BucketWrap_
if la.updateLock.TryLock() {old = bg.ResetBucketTo(old, bucketStart)
la.updateLock.Unlock()
return old, nil
} else {runtime.Gosched()
}
} else if bucketStart < atomic.LoadUint64(&old.BucketStart) {_// TODO: reserve for some special case (e.g. when occupying "future" buckets)._
return nil, errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("Provided time timeMillis=%d is already behind old.BucketStart=%d.", bucketStart, old.BucketStart))
}
}
}
其 for-loop 外围逻辑是:
- 1 获取工夫点对应的工夫桶 old;
- 2 如果 old 为空,则新建一个工夫桶,以原子操作的形式尝试存入工夫窗口的工夫轮中,存入失败则从新尝试;
- 3 如果 old 就是以后工夫点所在的工夫桶,则返回;
- 4 如果 old 的工夫终点小于以后工夫,则通过乐观锁尝试 reset 桶的起始工夫等参数值,加锁更新胜利则返回;
- 5 如果 old 的工夫终点大于以后工夫,则零碎产生了工夫扭曲,返回谬误。
2 BucketLeapArray
leapArray 实现了滑动工夫窗口的所有主体,其对外应用接口则是 BucketLeapArray:
_// The implementation of sliding window based on LeapArray (as the sliding window infrastructure)_
_// and MetricBucket (as the data type). The MetricBucket is used to record statistic_
_// metrics per minimum time unit (i.e. the bucket time span)._
type BucketLeapArray struct {
data LeapArray
dataType string
}
从这个 struct 的正文可见,其工夫窗口 BucketWrap 的实体是 MetricBucket。
2.3 Metric 数据读写
SlidingWindowMetric
_// SlidingWindowMetric represents the sliding window metric wrapper._
_// It does not store any data and is the wrapper of BucketLeapArray to adapt to different internal bucket_
_// SlidingWindowMetric is used for SentinelRules and BucketLeapArray is used for monitor_
_// BucketLeapArray is per resource, and SlidingWindowMetric support only read operation._
type SlidingWindowMetric struct {
bucketLengthInMs uint32
sampleCount uint32
intervalInMs uint32
real *BucketLeapArray
}
SlidingWindowMetric 是对 BucketLeapArray 的一个封装,只提供了只读接口。
ResourceNode
type BaseStatNode struct {
sampleCount uint32
intervalMs uint32
goroutineNum int32
arr *sbase.BucketLeapArray
metric *sbase.SlidingWindowMetric
}
type ResourceNode struct {
BaseStatNode
resourceName string
resourceType base.ResourceType
}
_// core/stat/node_storage.go_
type ResourceNodeMap map[string]*ResourceNode
var (inboundNode = NewResourceNode(base.TotalInBoundResourceName, base.ResTypeCommon)
resNodeMap = make(ResourceNodeMap)
rnsMux = new(sync.RWMutex)
)
BaseStatNode 对外提供了读写接口,其数据写入 BaseStatNode.arr,读取接口则依赖 BaseStatNode.metric。BaseStatNode.arr
是在 NewBaseStatNode()
中创立的,指针 SlidingWindowMetric.real
也指向它。
ResourceNode
则顾名思义,其代表了某资源和它的 Metrics 存储 ResourceNode.BaseStatNode
。
全局变量 resNodeMap
存储了所有资源的 Metrics 指标数据。
3 限流流程
本节只剖析 Sentinel 库提供的最根底的流量整形性能 — 限流,限流算法多种多样,能够应用其内置的算法,用户本人也能够进行扩大。
限流过程有三步步骤:
- 1 针对特定 Resource 结构其 EntryContext,存储其 Metrics、限流开始工夫等,Sentinel 称之为 StatPrepareSlot;
-
2 根据 Resource 的限流算法断定其是否应该进行限流,并给出限流断定后果,Sentinel 称之为 RuleCheckSlot;
- 补充:这个限流算法是一系列判断办法的合集(SlotChain);
- 3 断定之后,除了用户本身依据断定后果执行相应的 action,Sentinel 也须要依据断定后果执行本身的 Action,以及把整个断定流程所应用的的工夫 RT 等指标存储下来,Sentinel 称之为 StatSlot。
整体流程如下图所示:
3.1 Slot
针对 Check 三个步骤,有三个对应的 Slot 别离定义如下:
_// StatPrepareSlot is responsible for some preparation before statistic_
_// For example: init structure and so on_
type StatPrepareSlot interface {
_// Prepare function do some initialization_
_// Such as: init statistic structure、node and etc_
_// The result of preparing would store in EntryContext_
_// All StatPrepareSlots execute in sequence_
_// Prepare function should not throw panic._
Prepare(ctx *EntryContext)
}
_// RuleCheckSlot is rule based checking strategy_
_// All checking rule must implement this interface._
type RuleCheckSlot interface {
_// Check function do some validation_
_// It can break off the slot pipeline_
_// Each TokenResult will return check result_
_// The upper logic will control pipeline according to SlotResult._
Check(ctx *EntryContext) *TokenResult
}
_// StatSlot is responsible for counting all custom biz metrics._
_// StatSlot would not handle any panic, and pass up all panic to slot chain_
type StatSlot interface {
_// OnEntryPass function will be invoked when StatPrepareSlots and RuleCheckSlots execute pass_
_// StatSlots will do some statistic logic, such as QPS、log、etc_
OnEntryPassed(ctx *EntryContext)
_// OnEntryBlocked function will be invoked when StatPrepareSlots and RuleCheckSlots fail to execute_
_// It may be inbound flow control or outbound cir_
_// StatSlots will do some statistic logic, such as QPS、log、etc_
_// blockError introduce the block detail_
OnEntryBlocked(ctx *EntryContext, blockError *BlockError)
_// OnCompleted function will be invoked when chain exits._
_// The semantics of OnCompleted is the entry passed and completed_
_// Note: blocked entry will not call this function_
OnCompleted(ctx *EntryContext)
}
抛却 Prepare 和 Stat,能够简略的认为:所谓的 slot,就是 sentinel 提供的某个流控组件。
值得注意的是,依据正文 StatSlot.OnCompleted 只有在 RuleCheckSlot.Check 通过才会执行,用于计算从申请开始到完结所应用的 RT 等 Metrics。
3.2 Prepare
_// core/base/slot_chain.go_
_// StatPrepareSlot is responsible for some preparation before statistic_
_// For example: init structure and so on_
type StatPrepareSlot interface {
_// Prepare function do some initialization_
_// Such as: init statistic structure、node and etc_
_// The result of preparing would store in EntryContext_
_// All StatPrepareSlots execute in sequence_
_// Prepare function should not throw panic._
Prepare(ctx *EntryContext)
}
_// core/stat/stat_prepare_slot.go_
type ResourceNodePrepareSlot struct { }
func (s *ResourceNodePrepareSlot) Prepare(ctx *base.EntryContext) {node := GetOrCreateResourceNode(ctx.Resource.Name(), ctx.Resource.Classification())
_// Set the resource node to the context._
ctx.StatNode = node
}
如后面解释,Prepare 次要是结构存储 Resource Metrics 所应用的 ResourceNode。所有 Resource 的 StatNode 都会存储在 package 级别的全局变量 core/stat/node_storage.go:resNodeMap [type: map[string]*ResourceNode]
中,函数 GetOrCreateResourceNode
用于依据 Resource Name 从 resNodeMap
中获取其对应的 StatNode,如果不存在则创立一个 StatNode 并存入 resNodeMap
。
3.3 Check
RuleCheckSlot.Check() 执行流程:
- 1 依据 Resource 名称获取其所有的 Rule 汇合;
- 2 遍历 Rule 汇合,对 Resource 顺次执行 Check,任何一个 Rule 断定 Resource 须要进行限流【Blocked】则返回,否则放行。
type Slot struct { }
func (s *Slot) Check(ctx *base.EntryContext) *base.TokenResult {res := ctx.Resource.Name()
tcs := getTrafficControllerListFor(res)
result := ctx.RuleCheckResult
_// Check rules in order_
for _, tc := range tcs {r := canPassCheck(tc, ctx.StatNode, ctx.Input.AcquireCount)
if r == nil {
_// nil means pass_
continue
}
if r.Status() == base.ResultStatusBlocked {return r}
if r.Status() == base.ResultStatusShouldWait {if waitMs := r.WaitMs(); waitMs > 0 {
_// Handle waiting action._
time.Sleep(time.Duration(waitMs) * time.Millisecond)
}
continue
}
}
return result
}
func canPassCheck(tc *TrafficShapingController, node base.StatNode, acquireCount uint32) *base.TokenResult {return canPassCheckWithFlag(tc, node, acquireCount, 0)
}
func canPassCheckWithFlag(tc *TrafficShapingController, node base.StatNode, acquireCount uint32, flag int32) *base.TokenResult {return checkInLocal(tc, node, acquireCount, flag)
}
func checkInLocal(tc *TrafficShapingController, resStat base.StatNode, acquireCount uint32, flag int32) *base.TokenResult {return tc.PerformChecking(resStat, acquireCount, flag)
}
3.4 Exit
sentinel 对 Resource 进行 Check 后,其后续逻辑执行程序是:
- 1 如果 RuleCheckSlot.Check() 断定 pass 通过则执行 StatSlot.OnEntryPassed(),否则 RuleCheckSlot.Check() 断定 reject 则执行 StatSlot.OnEntryBlocked();
- 2 如果 RuleCheckSlot.Check() 断定 pass 通过,则执行本次 Action;
- 3 如果 RuleCheckSlot.Check() 断定 pass 通过,则执行 SentinelEntry.Exit() –> SlotChain.ext() –> StatSlot.OnCompleted()。
第三步骤的调用链路如下:
StatSlot.OnCompleted()
_// core/flow/standalone_stat_slot.go_
type StandaloneStatSlot struct { }
func (s StandaloneStatSlot) OnEntryPassed(ctx *base.EntryContext) {res := ctx.Resource.Name()
for _, tc := range getTrafficControllerListFor(res) {
if !tc.boundStat.reuseResourceStat {
if tc.boundStat.writeOnlyMetric != nil {tc.boundStat.writeOnlyMetric.AddCount(base.MetricEventPass, int64(ctx.Input.AcquireCount))
}
}
}
}
func (s StandaloneStatSlot) OnEntryBlocked(ctx *base.EntryContext, blockError *base.BlockError) {_// Do nothing_}
func (s StandaloneStatSlot) OnCompleted(ctx *base.EntryContext) {_// Do nothing_}
SlotChain.exit()
_// core/base/slot_chain.go_
type SlotChain struct { }
func (sc *SlotChain) exit(ctx *EntryContext) {
_// The OnCompleted is called only when entry passed_
if ctx.IsBlocked() {return}
for _, s := range sc.stats {s.OnCompleted(ctx)
}
}
SentinelEntry.Exit()
_// core/base/entry.go_
type SentinelEntry struct {
sc *SlotChain
exitCtl sync.Once
}
func (e *SentinelEntry) Exit() {e.exitCtl.Do(func() {
if e.sc != nil {e.sc.exit(ctx)
}
})
}
从下面执行可见,StatSlot.OnCompleted()
是在 Action【如一次 RPC 的申请 - 响应 Invokation】实现之后调用的。如果有的组件须要计算一次 Action 的工夫消耗 RT,就在其对应的 StatSlot.OnCompleted()
中根据 EntryContext.startTime
实现工夫消耗计算。
[3.5 SlotChain]()
Sentinel 实质是一个流控包,不仅提供了限流性能,还提供了泛滥其余诸如自适应流量爱护、熔断降级、冷启动、全局流量 Metrics 后果等性能流控组件,Sentinel-Go 包定义了一个 SlotChain
实体存储其所有的流控组件。
_// core/base/slot_chain.go_
_// SlotChain hold all system slots and customized slot._
_// SlotChain support plug-in slots developed by developer._
type SlotChain struct {statPres []StatPrepareSlot
ruleChecks []RuleCheckSlot
stats []StatSlot}
_// The entrance of slot chain_
_// Return the TokenResult and nil if internal panic._
func (sc *SlotChain) Entry(ctx *EntryContext) *TokenResult {
_// execute prepare slot_
sps := sc.statPres
if len(sps) > 0 {
for _, s := range sps {s.Prepare(ctx)
}
}
_// execute rule based checking slot_
rcs := sc.ruleChecks
var ruleCheckRet *TokenResult
if len(rcs) > 0 {
for _, s := range rcs {sr := s.Check(ctx)
if sr == nil {
_// nil equals to check pass_
continue
}
_// check slot result_
if sr.IsBlocked() {
ruleCheckRet = sr
break
}
}
}
if ruleCheckRet == nil {ctx.RuleCheckResult.ResetToPass()
} else {ctx.RuleCheckResult = ruleCheckRet}
_// execute statistic slot_
ss := sc.stats
ruleCheckRet = ctx.RuleCheckResult
if len(ss) > 0 {
for _, s := range ss {
_// indicate the result of rule based checking slot._
if !ruleCheckRet.IsBlocked() {s.OnEntryPassed(ctx)
} else {
_// The block error should not be nil._
s.OnEntryBlocked(ctx, ruleCheckRet.blockErr)
}
}
}
return ruleCheckRet
}
func (sc *SlotChain) exit(ctx *EntryContext) {if ctx == nil || ctx.Entry() == nil {logging.Error(errors.New("nil EntryContext or SentinelEntry"), "")
return
}
_// The OnCompleted is called only when entry passed_
if ctx.IsBlocked() {return}
for _, s := range sc.stats {s.OnCompleted(ctx)
}
_// relieve the context here_
}
倡议:Sentinel 包针对某个 Resource 无奈确知其应用了那个组件,在运行时会针对某个 Resource 的 EntryContext 顺次执行所有的组件的 Rule。Sentinel-golang 为何不给用户相干用户提供一个接口让其设置应用的流控组件汇合,以缩小上面函数 SlotChain.Entry()
中执行 RuleCheckSlot.Check()
执行次数?相干改良曾经提交到 pr 264【补充,代码已合并,据负责人压测后回复 sentinel-go 效率整体晋升 15%】。
globalSlotChain
Sentinel-Go 定义了一个 SlotChain 的 package 级别的全局公有变量 globalSlotChain
用于存储其所有的流控组件对象。相干代码示例如下。因本文只关注限流组件,所以上面只给出了限流组件的注册代码。
_// api/slot_chain.go_
func BuildDefaultSlotChain() *base.SlotChain {sc := base.NewSlotChain()
sc.AddStatPrepareSlotLast(&stat.ResourceNodePrepareSlot{})
sc.AddRuleCheckSlotLast(&flow.Slot{})
sc.AddStatSlotLast(&flow.StandaloneStatSlot{})
return sc
}
var globalSlotChain = BuildDefaultSlotChain()
Entry
在 Sentinel-Go 对外的最重要的入口函数 api/api.go:Entry()
中,globalSlotChain
会作为 EntryOptions 的 SlotChain 参数被应用。
_// api/api.go_
_// Entry is the basic API of Sentinel._
func Entry(resource string, opts ...EntryOption) (*base.SentinelEntry, *base.BlockError) {options := entryOptsPool.Get().(*EntryOptions)
options.slotChain = globalSlotChain
return entry(resource, options)
}
Sentinel 的演进离不开社区的奉献。Sentinel Go 1.0 GA 版本行将在近期公布,带来更多云原生相干的个性。咱们十分欢送感兴趣的开发者参加奉献,一起来主导将来版本的演进。咱们激励任何模式的奉献,包含但不限于:
• bug fix
• new features/improvements
• dashboard
• document/website
• test cases
开发者能够在 GitHub 下面的 good first issue 列表上筛选感兴趣的 issue 来参加探讨和奉献。咱们会重点关注积极参与奉献的开发者,外围贡献者会提名为 Committer,一起主导社区的倒退。咱们也欢送大家有任何问题和倡议,都能够通过 GitHub issue、Gitter 或钉钉群(群号:30150716)等渠道进行交换。Now start hacking!
• Sentinel Go repo: https://github.com/alibaba/sentinel-golang
• 企业用户欢送进行注销:https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/issues/18
作者简介
于雨(github @AlexStocks),apache/dubbo-go 我的项目负责人,一个有十多年服务端基础架构研发一线工作教训的程序员,目前在蚂蚁金服可信原生部从事容器编排和 service mesh 工作。酷爱开源,从 2015 年给 Redis 奉献代码开始,陆续改良过 Muduo/Pika/Dubbo/Dubbo-go 等出名我的项目。
原文链接
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