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环境搭建
import com.zhisan.spring.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MainXml {public static void main(String[] args) {
// XML 形式
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
UserService userService = applicationContext.getBean("userService", UserService.class);
userService.login();}
}
resource/spring.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
<bean id="userService" class="com.zhisan.spring.service.UserService"></bean>
</beans>
package com.zhisan.spring.service;
public class UserService {public void login() {System.out.println("login");
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.zhisan</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-study</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
浏览
咱们先省略掉 XML 局部的解决逻辑,咱们把他分为解决前,解决后,解决中;而 AbstractApplicationContext 这个抽象类,就根本蕴含了大部分的 解决中 的操作逻辑,咱们先从这个类动手,ClassPathXmlApplicationContext 构造方法中打个断点,开始浏览!
咱们先看看这个类的抽象类 org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext 的 UML 关系图。
形象利用容器构造方法(AbstractApplicationContext)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#AbstractApplicationContext(org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext)
/**
* Create a new AbstractApplicationContext with the given parent context.
* @param parent the parent context
*/
public AbstractApplicationContext(@Nullable ApplicationContext parent) {this();
setParent(parent);
}
设置了一些简略的参数,没有理论 bean 操作逻辑。
刷新(refresh)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#refresh
没错,这次又来到了这个办法,我在源码解析:Spring Boot 启动流程(一)文章中有对这部分简略的正文,我间接照搬过去。
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {StartupStep contextRefresh = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.context.refresh");
// 筹备刷新
// tip:一些设置参数,可不细看
prepareRefresh();
// 通知子类刷新外部 bean 工厂
// 获取刷新 bean 工厂
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// 筹备 bean 工厂
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
try {
// 容许在上下文子类中对 bean 工厂进行后处理。// tip:这部分波及 Web 服务器的启动,如 servlet
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
StartupStep beanPostProcess = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.context.beans.post-process");
// 调用在上下文中注册为 bean 的工厂处理器。invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// 注册拦挡 bean 创立的 bean 处理器。registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
beanPostProcess.end();
// 初始化此上下文的音讯源。initMessageSource();
// 为此上下文初始化事件多播器。initApplicationEventMulticaster();
// 初始化特定上下文子类中的其余非凡 bean。onRefresh();
// 查看侦听器 bean 并注册它们。registerListeners();
// 实例化所有残余的(非提早初始化)单例。finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
// 最初一步:公布相应的事件。finishRefresh();}
catch (BeansException ex) {if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization -" +
"cancelling refresh attempt:" + ex);
}
// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
destroyBeans();
// Reset 'active' flag.
cancelRefresh(ex);
// Propagate exception to caller.
throw ex;
}
finally {
// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
resetCommonCaches();
contextRefresh.end();}
}
}
这次咱们对每个办法都进行深刻的解析。
首先 synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor)锁住“刷新”和“销毁”的同步监视器。
而后进入刷新前的筹备阶段。
筹备刷新(prepareRefresh)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#prepareRefresh
/**
* 筹备此上下文以进行刷新、设置其启动日期和流动标记以及执行属性源的任何初始化。*/
protected void prepareRefresh() {
// 记录启动工夫
this.startupDate = System.currentTimeMillis();
// 设置敞开状态为 false
this.closed.set(false);
// 切换容器的状态为激活
this.active.set(true);
// 判断以后是否启用了调试日志记录
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
// 以后是否启用了跟踪日志记录
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {logger.trace("Refreshing" + this);
}
else {logger.debug("Refreshing" + getDisplayName());
}
}
// 在上下文环境中初始化任何占位符属性源
// tip:没有理论作用,交给子类去实现。initPropertySources();
// 验证所有标记为必须的属性都是可解析的:// 参见 ConfigurablePropertyResolver#setRequiredProperties
// 这部分 getEnvironment 我省略了,次要看校验的逻辑。getEnvironment().validateRequiredProperties();
// 存储预刷新应用程序侦听器
if (this.earlyApplicationListeners == null) {this.earlyApplicationListeners = new LinkedHashSet<>(this.applicationListeners);
}
else {
// 将本地应用程序侦听器重置为预刷新状态.
this.applicationListeners.clear();
this.applicationListeners.addAll(this.earlyApplicationListeners);
}
// 容许收集晚期的 ApplicationEvents,
// 一旦多播器可用就公布...
this.earlyApplicationEvents = new LinkedHashSet<>();}
下面过了一个大略的流程,基本上大部分都是环境筹备步骤,以上能够拆分的几个点如下:
- validateRequiredProperties 校验必须属性
验证必须的属性(validateRequiredProperties)
org.springframework.core.env.AbstractPropertyResolver#validateRequiredProperties
@Override
public void validateRequiredProperties() {
// 缺失必须属性异样
MissingRequiredPropertiesException ex = new MissingRequiredPropertiesException();
for (String key : this.requiredProperties) {if (this.getProperty(key) == null) {ex.addMissingRequiredProperty(key);
}
}
// 任何一个必须属性为空都会抛出异样
if (!ex.getMissingRequiredProperties().isEmpty()) {throw ex;}
}
持续往下浏览,根本环境准备就绪了,咱们接下来就要创立一个 bean 工厂了。
取得 Bean 工厂(obtainFreshBeanFactory)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#obtainFreshBeanFactory
/**
* Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factor.
* @return the fresh BeanFactory instance
* @see #refreshBeanFactory()
* @see #getBeanFactory()
*/
protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {
// 刷新 bean 工厂
refreshBeanFactory();
// 取得 bean 工厂
return getBeanFactory();}
其中蕴含 refreshBeanFactory 这个办法,它用于创立和初始化 bean 工厂,以及 bean 定义的初始化。
刷新 Bean 工厂(refreshBeanFactory)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext#refreshBeanFactory
/**
* 此实现执行此上下文的底层 bean 工厂的理论刷新,敞开先前的 bean 工厂(如果有)并为上下文生命周期的下一个阶段初始化一个新的 bean 工厂。*/
@Override
protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
// 是否存在 bean 工厂
if (hasBeanFactory()) {
// 销毁 bean 工厂
destroyBeans();
// 敞开 bean 工厂
closeBeanFactory();}
try {
// 创立新的 bean 工厂(初始化工厂)DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
// 设置 ID
beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
// 自定义 Bean 工厂(能够疏忽)customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// 加载 bean 定义(这里是注册 bean 定义的入口,能够深入研究)loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
// 设置 bean 工厂以后对象
this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
}
catch (IOException ex) {throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for" + getDisplayName(), ex);
}
}
这部分有几个比拟重要的几个办法要独自抽取进去解释:
- createBeanFactory(用于初始化 bean 工厂)
-
loadBeanDefinitions(加载 bean 定义)
- initBeanDefinitionReader(初始化 bean 定义阅读器)此处能够疏忽
- loadBeanDefinitions(加载 bean 定义)
总结
因为 obtainFreshBeanFactory 这个办法做了不少事件,所以咱们做一个小小的总结。
- 创立 bean 工厂(beanFactory)
- 读取资源(这里是 spring.xml 文件)
- 加载 bean 定义(beanDefinitions)
以及几个用于注册 bean 定义的源码入口能够深刻的去浏览。
- BeanDefinitionReaderUtils
- DefaultListableBeanFactory
最初返回一个 beanFactory 用于前面所有操作的 bean 工厂,也是这个办法的目标。
筹备 Bean 工厂(prepareBeanFactory)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#prepareBeanFactory
/**
* 配置工厂的规范上下文特色,例如上下文的 ClassLoader 和后处理器。*/
protected void prepareBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
// Tell the internal bean factory to use the context's class loader etc.
beanFactory.setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader());
beanFactory.setBeanExpressionResolver(new StandardBeanExpressionResolver(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new ResourceEditorRegistrar(this, getEnvironment()));
// Configure the bean factory with context callbacks.
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EnvironmentAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EmbeddedValueResolverAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ResourceLoaderAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationEventPublisherAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(MessageSourceAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationContextAware.class);
// BeanFactory interface not registered as resolvable type in a plain factory.
// MessageSource registered (and found for autowiring) as a bean.
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(BeanFactory.class, beanFactory);
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ResourceLoader.class, this);
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationEventPublisher.class, this);
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationContext.class, this);
// Register early post-processor for detecting inner beans as ApplicationListeners.
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(this));
// Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found.
if (beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
// Set a temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
}
// Register default environment beans.
if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {beanFactory.registerSingleton(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment());
}
if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME)) {beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemProperties());
}
if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemEnvironment());
}
}
一些默认参数的设置,不细究。
后置解决 bean 工厂(postProcessBeanFactory)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#postProcessBeanFactory
这部分是预留的,用于扩大。
总结
上篇次要蕴含了如下几个内容。
- 环境筹备
- 初始化 bean 工厂
- 读取资源(能够为 xml 或者注解形式)
- 加载 bean 定义
上篇到此,下篇会讲对于实例化和初始化相干入口。