关于java:工作三年小胖连-Thread-源码都没看过真的菜

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金三银四,很多小伙伴都打算跳槽。而多线程是面试必问的,给大家分享下 Thread 源码解析,也算是我本人的笔记整顿、思维复盘。学习的同时,顺便留下点什么~

1、设置线程名

在应用多线程的时候,想要查看线程名是很简略的,调用 Thread.currentThread().getName() 即可。默认状况下,主线程名是 main,其余线程名是 Thread-x,x 代表第几个线程

咱们点进去构造方法,看看它是怎么命名的:调用了 init 办法,init 办法外部调用了 nextThreadNum 办法。

public Thread() {init(null, null, "Thread-" + nextThreadNum(), 0);
}

nextThreadNum 是一个线程平安的办法,同一时间只可能有一个线程批改,而 threadInitNumber 是一个动态变量,它能够被类的所有对象拜访。所以,每个线程在创立时间接 +1 作为子线程后缀。

/* For autonumbering anonymous threads. */
private static int threadInitNumber;
private static synchronized int nextThreadNum() {return threadInitNumber++;}

再看 init 办法,留神到最初有 this.name = name 赋值给 volatile 变量的 name,默认就是用 Thread-x 作为子线程名。


private void init(ThreadGroup g, Runnable target, String name,long stackSize) {init(g, target, name, stackSize, null, true);
}


private void init(ThreadGroup g, Runnable target, String name,
                      long stackSize, AccessControlContext acc,
                      boolean inheritThreadLocals) {if (name == null) {throw new NullPointerException("name cannot be null");
    }
    // 名称赋值
    this.name = name;
    // 省略代码
}

最终 getName 办法拿到的就是这个 volatile 变量 name 的值。

private volatile String name;

public final String getName() {return name;}

留神到源码中,有带 name 参数的构造方法:


public Thread(Runnable target, String name) {init(null, target, name, 0);
}

所以,咱们能够初始化时就指定线程名

public class MyThread implements Runnable {

    @Override
    public void run() {
        // 打印以后线程的名字
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
}
public class TestMain {public static void main(String[] args) {MyThread myThread = new MyThread();

        // 带参构造方法给线程起名字
        Thread thread1 = new Thread(myThread, "一个优良的废人");
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(myThread, "在温习多线程");

        // 启动线程
        thread1.start();
        thread2.start();

        // 打印以后线程的名字
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
}

2、线程优先级

在 Thread 源码中和线程优先级相干的属性有以下 3 个:

// 线程能够领有的最小优先级
public final static int MIN_PRIORITY = 1;

// 线程默认优先级
public final static int NORM_PRIORITY = 5;

// 线程能够领有的最大优先级
public final static int MAX_PRIORITY = 10

线程的优先级能够了解为线程抢占 CPU 工夫片(也就是执行权)的概率,优先级越高几率越大,但并不意味着优先级高的线程就肯定先执行。

Thread 类中,设置优先级的源码如下:

public final void setPriority(int newPriority) {
    ThreadGroup g;
    checkAccess();
    // 先验证优先级的合理性,不能大于 10,也不能小于 1
    if (newPriority > MAX_PRIORITY || newPriority < MIN_PRIORITY) {throw new IllegalArgumentException();
    }
    if((g = getThreadGroup()) != null) {
        // 优先级如果超过线程组的最高优先级,则把优先级设置为线程组的最高优先级(有种一人得道鸡犬升天的感觉~)if (newPriority > g.getMaxPriority()) {newPriority = g.getMaxPriority();
        }
        // native 办法
        setPriority0(priority = newPriority);
    }
}

在 java 中,咱们个别这样设置线程的优先级:

public class TestMain {public static void main(String[] args) {MyThread myThread = new MyThread();

        // 带参构造方法给线程起名字
        Thread thread1 = new Thread(myThread, "一个优良的废人");
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(myThread, "在温习多线程");

        // 设置优先级
        thread1.setPriority(1);
        thread2.setPriority(10);

        // 启动线程
        thread1.start();
        thread2.start();

        // 打印以后线程的名字
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
}

3、守护线程

守护线程是低优先级的线程,专门为其余线程服务的,其余线程执行完了,它也就挂了。在 java 中,咱们的垃圾回收线程就是典型的守护线程

它有两个特点:

  • 当别的非守护线程执行完了,虚拟机就会退出,守护线程也就会被进行掉。
  • 守护线程作为一个服务线程,没有服务对象就没有必要持续运行了

举个栗子:你能够把守护线程了解为公司食堂外面的员工,专门为办公室员工提供饮食服务,办公室员工上班回家了,它们也就都回家了。所以,不能应用守护线程拜访资源(比方批改数据、进行 I /O 操作等等),因为这货随时挂掉。反之,守护线程常常被用来执行一些后台任务,然而呢,你又心愿在程序退出时,或者说 JVM 退出时,线程可能主动敞开,此时,守护线程是你的首选

在 java 中,能够 通过 setDaemon 能够设置守护线程,源码如下:

public final void setDaemon(boolean on) {
    // 判断是否有权限
    checkAccess();
    // 判断是否沉闷
    if (isAlive()) {throw new IllegalThreadStateException();
    }
    daemon = on;
}

从以上源码,能够晓得 必须在线程启动之前就把指标线程设置为守护线程,否则报错

例子:新增一个 DaemonThread,外面执行的工作是死循环不断打印本人的线程名字。

public class DaemonThread implements Runnable {

    @Override
    public void run() {
        // 死循环
        while(true) {
          // 打印以后线程的名字
          System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
        }
    }

}

测试:在启动之前先把 thread2 设置为守护线程,thread1 启动,再启动 thread2。

public class TestMain {public static void main(String[] args) {MyThread myThread = new MyThread();
        DaemonThread  daemonThread = new DaemonThread();

        // 带参构造方法给线程起名字
        Thread thread1 = new Thread(myThread, "一个优良的废人");
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(daemonThread, "在温习多线程");

        // 设置 thread2 为守护线程
        thread2.setDaemon(true);

        // 启动线程
        thread1.start();
        thread2.start();

        // 打印以后线程的名字
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
}

失常来说,如果 thread2 不是守护线程,JVM 不会退出,除非产生重大的异样,thread2 会始终死循环在控制台打印本人的名字。然而,设置为守护线程之后,JVM 退出,thread2 也不再执行

4、start() 和 run() 有啥区别?

首先从 Thread 源码来看,start () 办法属于 Thread 本身的办法,并且应用了 synchronized 来保障线程平安,源码如下:

public synchronized void start() {

        // 1、状态验证,不等于 NEW 的状态会抛出异样
        if (threadStatus != 0)
            throw new IllegalThreadStateException();

        // 2、告诉线程组,此线程行将启动
        group.add(this);

        boolean started = false;
        try {start0();
            started = true;
        } finally {
            try {if (!started) {group.threadStartFailed(this);
                }
            } catch (Throwable ignore) {// 3、不解决任何异样,如果 start0 抛出异样,则它将被传递到调用堆栈上}
        }
}

而 run () 办法为 Runnable 的形象办法,必须由调用类重写此办法,重写的 run () 办法其实就是此线程要执行的业务办法,源码如下:

public class Thread implements Runnable {
    // 疏忽其余办法......
    private Runnable target;
    @Override
    public void run() {if (target != null) {target.run();
        }
    }
}
@FunctionalInterface
public interface Runnable {public abstract void run();
}

对于两者区别这个问题,其实上次写多线程的开篇,曾经说过了,有趣味的戳:
这里长话短说,它的区别是:

  • run 办法外面定义的是 线程执行的工作逻辑,间接调用跟一般办法没啥区别
  • start 办法启动线程,使线程由 NEW 状态转为 RUNNABLE,而后再由 jvm 去调用该线程的 run () 办法去执行工作
  • start 办法不能被屡次调用,否则会抛出 java.lang.IllegalStateException;而 run () 办法能够进行屡次调用,因为它是个一般办法

5、sleep 办法

sleep 办法的源码入下,它是个 native 办法。咱们没法看源码,只能通过正文来了解它的含意,我配上了简短的中文翻译,总结下来有三点留神:

  • 睡眠指定的毫秒数,且在这过程中不开释锁
  • 如果参数非法,报 IllegalArgumentException
  • 睡眠状态下能够响应中断信号,并抛出 InterruptedException(前面会说)
  • 调用 sleep 办法,即会从 RUNNABLE 状态进入 Timed Waiting(计时期待)状态
/**
     * Causes the currently executing thread to sleep (temporarily cease
     * execution) for the specified number of milliseconds, subject to
     * the precision and accuracy of system timers and schedulers. The thread
     * does not lose ownership of any monitors.

// 1、睡眠指定的毫秒数,且在这过程中不开释锁

     * @param  millis
     *         the length of time to sleep in milliseconds
     *
     * @throws  IllegalArgumentException
     *          if the value of {@code millis} is negative

// 2、如果参数非法,报 IllegalArgumentException
     
     * @throws  InterruptedException
     *          if any thread has interrupted the current thread. The
     *          <i>interrupted status</i> of the current thread is
     *          cleared when this exception is thrown.

// 3、睡眠状态下能够响应中断信号,并抛出 InterruptedException

*/
public static native void sleep(long millis) throws InterruptedException;

6、如何正确进行线程?

线程在不同的状态下遇到中断会产生不同的响应,有点会抛出异样,有的则没有变动,有的则会完结线程。

如何正确进行线程?有人说这不简略嘛。间接 stop 办法,stop 办法强制终止线程,所以它是不行的。它曾经被 Java 设置为 @Deprecated 过期办法了。

次要起因是stop 太暴力了,没有给线程足够的工夫来解决在线程进行前保留数据的逻辑,工作就进行了,会导致数据完整性的问题

举个栗子:线程正在写入一个文件,这时收到终止信号,它就须要依据本身业务判断,是抉择立刻进行,还是将整个文件写入胜利后进行,而如果抉择立刻进行就可能造成数据不残缺,不论是中断命令发起者,还是接收者都不心愿数据呈现问题。

个别状况下,应用 interrupt 办法来申请进行线程,它并不是间接进行。它仅仅是给这个线程发了一个信号通知它,它应该要完结了 (明确这一点十分重要!),而要不要马上进行,或者过一段时间后进行,甚至压根不进行都是由被进行的线程依据本人的业务逻辑来决定的

要理解 interrupt 怎么应用,先来看看源码(曾经给了清晰的正文):

 /**
     * Interrupts this thread.

1、只能本人中断本人,不然会抛出 SecurityException 

     * <p> Unless the current thread is interrupting itself, which is
     * always permitted, the {@link #checkAccess() checkAccess} method
     * of this thread is invoked, which may cause a {@link
     * SecurityException} to be thrown.

2、如果线程调用 wait、sleep、join 等办法,进入了阻塞,会造成调用中断有效,抛 InterruptedException 异样。* <p> If this thread is blocked in an invocation of the {@link
     * Object#wait() wait()}, {@link Object#wait(long) wait(long)}, or {@link
     * Object#wait(long, int) wait(long, int)} methods of the {@link Object}
     * class, or of the {@link #join()}, {@link #join(long)}, {@link
     * #join(long, int)}, {@link #sleep(long)}, or {@link #sleep(long, int)},
     * methods of this class, then its interrupt status will be cleared and it
     * will receive an {@link InterruptedException}.
     *
     * <p> If this thread is blocked in an I/O operation upon an {@link
     * java.nio.channels.InterruptibleChannel InterruptibleChannel}
     * then the channel will be closed, the thread's interrupt
     * status will be set, and the thread will receive a {@link
     * java.nio.channels.ClosedByInterruptException}.
     *
     * <p> If this thread is blocked in a {@link java.nio.channels.Selector}
     * then the thread's interrupt status will be set and it will return
     * immediately from the selection operation, possibly with a non-zero
     * value, just as if the selector's {@link
     * java.nio.channels.Selector#wakeup wakeup} method were invoked.

3、以上三种状况都不会产生时,才会把线程的中断状态扭转

     * <p> If none of the previous conditions hold then this thread's interrupt
     * status will be set. </p>

4、中断曾经挂了的线程是有效的

     * <p> Interrupting a thread that is not alive need not have any effect.
     *
     * @throws  SecurityException
     *          if the current thread cannot modify this thread
     *
     * @revised 6.0
     * @spec JSR-51
     */
    public void interrupt() {
        // 查看是否有权限
        if (this != Thread.currentThread())
            checkAccess();
        
        synchronized (blockerLock) {// 判断是不是阻塞状态的线程调用,比方刚调用 sleep()
            Interruptible b = blocker;
            if (b != null) {interrupt0();           // Just to set the interrupt flag
                // 如果是,抛异样同时推出阻塞。将中断标记位改为 false
                b.interrupt(this);
                return;
            }
        }
        // 否则,顺利扭转标记位
        interrupt0();}

interrupt 办法提到了四个点:

  • 只能本人中断本人,不然会抛出 SecurityException
  • 如果线程调用 wait、sleep、join 等办法进入了阻塞,会造成调用中断有效,抛 InterruptedException 异样。
  • 以上状况不会产生时,才会把线程的中断状态扭转
  • 中断曾经挂了的线程是有效的

除此以外,java 中跟中断无关的办法还有 interrupted()isInterrupted(),看看源码:

/**
 * Tests whether the current thread has been interrupted.  The
 * <i>interrupted status</i> of the thread is cleared by this method.  In
 * other words, if this method were to be called twice in succession, the
 * second call would return false (unless the current thread were
 * interrupted again, after the first call had cleared its interrupted
 * status and before the second call had examined it).
 *
 * <p>A thread interruption ignored because a thread was not alive
 * at the time of the interrupt will be reflected by this method
 * returning false.
 *
 * @return  <code>true</code> if the current thread has been interrupted;
 *          <code>false</code> otherwise.
 * @see #isInterrupted()
 * @revised 6.0
 */
public static boolean interrupted() {return currentThread().isInterrupted(true);
}

/**
 * Tests whether this thread has been interrupted.  The <i>interrupted
 * status</i> of the thread is unaffected by this method.
 *
 * <p>A thread interruption ignored because a thread was not alive
 * at the time of the interrupt will be reflected by this method
 * returning false.
 *
 * @return  <code>true</code> if this thread has been interrupted;
 *          <code>false</code> otherwise.
 * @see     #interrupted()
 * @revised 6.0
 */
public boolean isInterrupted() {return isInterrupted(false);
}

/**
 * Tests if some Thread has been interrupted.  The interrupted state
 * is reset or not based on the value of ClearInterrupted that is
 * passed.
 */
private native boolean isInterrupted(boolean ClearInterrupted);

两个点:

  • isInterrupted() 用于判断中断标记位,调用不会影响以后标记位
  • interrupted() 用于革除中断标记位,调用会革除标记位

后面说了,interrupt 只是发个信号给线程,眼帘程状态把它的中断标记位设为 true 或者革除(设置为 false),那它会扭转线程状态吗?前文《线程的状态》说过线程有 6 种状态,咱们来验证每种状态的中断响应以及状态变更状况:

NEW & TERMINATED

public class StopThread implements Runnable {

    @Override
    public void run() {// do something}

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {Thread thread = new Thread(new StopThread());
        System.out.println(thread.isInterrupted());
    }
}

运行后果:线程并没启动,标记不失效

public class StopThread implements Runnable {

    @Override
    public void run() {// do something}

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {Thread thread = new Thread(new StopThread());
        thread.start();

        thread.join();
        System.out.println(thread.getState());

        thread.interrupt();

        System.out.println(thread.isInterrupted());
    }
}

运行后果:线程已挂,标记并不失效

RUNNABLE

public class StopThread implements Runnable {

    @Override
    public void run() {
        int count = 0;
        while (true) {if (count < 10) {System.out.println(count++);
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {Thread thread = new Thread(new StopThread());
        thread.start();
        // 查看状态
        System.out.println(thread.getState());
        thread.interrupt();
        // 期待 thread 中断
        Thread.sleep(500);
        // 查看标记位
        System.out.println(thread.isInterrupted());
        // 查看状态
        System.out.println(thread.getState());
    }
}

运行后果:仅仅设置中断标记位,JVM 并没有退出,线程还是处于 RUNNABLE 状态。

看到这里,有人可能说老子中断了个寂寞???正确的中断写法应该是这样的:咱们通过 Thread.currentThread ().isInterrupt () 判断线程是否被中断,随后查看是否还有工作要做。正确的进行线程写法应该是这样的:

while (!Thread.currentThread().islnterrupted() && more work to do) {do more work}

在 while 中,通过 Thread.currentThread ().isInterrupt () 判断线程是否被中断,随后查看是否还有工作要做。&& 示意只有当两个判断条件同时满足的状况下,才会去执行线程的工作。理论例子:

public class StopThread implements Runnable {

    @Override
    public void run() {
        int count = 0;
        while (!Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted() && count < 1000) {System.out.println("count =" + count++);
        }
        System.out.println("响应中断退出线程");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {Thread thread = new Thread(new StopThread());
        thread.start();
        // 查看状态
        System.out.println(thread.getState());
        // 中断
        thread.interrupt();
        // 查看标记位
        System.out.println(thread.isInterrupted());
        // 期待 thread 中断
        Thread.sleep(500);
        // 查看标记位
        System.out.println(thread.isInterrupted());
        // 查看状态
        System.out.println(thread.getState());
    }
}

我的业务是 从 0 开始计数,大于 1000 或者线程接管到中断信号就进行计数 调用 interrupt,该线程检测到中断信号,中断标记位就会被设置成 true,于是在还没打印完 1000 个数的时候就会停下来 。这样就不会有平安问题。 这种就属于通过 interrupt 正确进行线程的状况

BLOCKED

首先,启动线程 1、2,调用 synchronized 润饰的办法,thread1 先启动占用锁,thread2 将进入 BLOCKED 状态。

public class StopDuringSleep implements Runnable {public synchronized static void doSomething(){while(true){//do something}
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {doSomething();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {Thread thread1 = new Thread(new StopDuringSleep());
        thread1.start();

        Thread thread2 = new Thread(new StopDuringSleep());
        thread2.start();

        Thread.sleep(1000);
        System.out.println(thread1.getState());
        System.out.println(thread2.getState());

        thread2.interrupt();
        System.out.println(thread2.isInterrupted());
        System.out.println(thread2.getState());
    }
}

运行后果:跟 RUNNABLE 一样,能响应中断。

sleep 期间(WAITING 状态)是否感触到中断?

下面讲 sleep 办法时说过,sleep 是能够响应马上中断信号,并革除中断标记位(设置为 false),同时抛出 InterruptedException 异样,退出计时期待状态。看看例子:主线程休眠 5 毫秒后,告诉子线程中断,此时子线程仍在执行 sleep 语句,处于休眠中。

public class StopDuringSleep implements Runnable {

    @Override
    public void run() {
        int count = 0;
        try {while (!Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted() && count < 1000) {System.out.println("count =" + count++);
                // 子线程 sleep
                Thread.sleep(1000000);
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            // 判断该线程的中断标记位状态
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted());
            // 打印线程状态
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getState());
            e.printStackTrace();}
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {Thread thread = new Thread(new StopDuringSleep());
        thread.start();
        // 主线程 sleep
        Thread.sleep(5);
        thread.interrupt();}

}

运行后果:interrupt 会把处于 WAITING 状态线程改为 RUNNABLE 状态

仅仅 catch 异样就够了吗?

理论开发中往往是团队合作,相互调用。咱们的办法中调用了 sleep 或者 wait 等能响应中断的办法时,仅仅 catch 住异样而不解决是十分不敌对的。这种行为叫 屏蔽了中断请求

那怎么做能力防止这种状况呢?首先 能够在办法签名中抛出异样,比方:

void subTask2() throws InterruptedException {Thread.sleep(1000);
}

Java 中,异样必定是有调用方解决的。调用方要么本人抛到下层,要么 try catch 解决。如果每层逻辑都恪守标准,将中断信号传递到顶层,最终让 run () 办法能够捕捉到异样。尽管 run 办法自身没有抛出 checkedException 的能力,但它能够通过 try/catch 依据业务逻辑来解决异样

除此以外,还能够在 catch 语句中再次中断线程。比方上述例子中,咱们能够在 catch 中这样写:

try {// 省略代码} catch (InterruptedException e) {
    // 判断该线程的中断标记位状态
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted());
    // 打印线程状态
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getState());
    // 再次中断
    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
    // 判断该线程的中断标记位状态
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted());
    e.printStackTrace();}

运行后果:

sleep 期间被中断,会革除中断信号将其置为 false。这时就须要手动在 catch 中再次设置中断信号。如此,中断信号仍然能够被检测,后续办法仍可晓得这里产生过中断,并做出相应逻辑解决

论断:NEW 和 TERMINATED 状态的线程不响应中断,其余状态可响应;同时 interrupt 会把 WAITING & TimeWAITING 状态的线程改为 RUNNABLE

7、yield 办法

看 Thread 的源码能够晓得 yield () 为本地办法,也就是说 yield () 是由 C 或 C++ 实现的,源码如下:

/**
 * A hint to the scheduler that the current thread is willing to yield
 * its current use of a processor. The scheduler is free to ignore this
 * hint.
 *
 * <p> Yield is a heuristic attempt to improve relative progression
 * between threads that would otherwise over-utilise a CPU. Its use
 * should be combined with detailed profiling and benchmarking to
 * ensure that it actually has the desired effect.
 *
 * <p> It is rarely appropriate to use this method. It may be useful
 * for debugging or testing purposes, where it may help to reproduce
 * bugs due to race conditions. It may also be useful when designing
 * concurrency control constructs such as the ones in the
 * {@link java.util.concurrent.locks} package.
 */
public static native void yield();

看代码正文晓得:

  • 以后线程调用 yield() 会让出 CPU 使用权,给别的线程执行,然而不确保真正让出。谁先抢到 CPU 谁执行。
  • 以后线程调用 yield() 办法,会将状态从 RUNNABLE 转换为 WAITING。

比方:

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                System.out.println("线程:" +
                    Thread.currentThread().getName() + "I:" + i);
                if (i == 5) {Thread.yield();
                }
            }
        }
    };
    Thread t1 = new Thread(runnable, "T1");
    Thread t2 = new Thread(runnable, "T2");
    t1.start();
    t2.start();}

执行这段代码会发现,每次的执行后果都不一样。那是因为 yield 办法十分不稳固。

8、join 办法

调用 join 办法,会期待该线程执行结束后才执行别的线程。依照常规,先来看看源码:

/**
 * Waits at most {@code millis} milliseconds for this thread to
 * die. A timeout of {@code 0} means to wait forever.
 *
 * <p> This implementation uses a loop of {@code this.wait} calls
 * conditioned on {@code this.isAlive}. As a thread terminates the
 * {@code this.notifyAll} method is invoked. It is recommended that
 * applications not use {@code wait}, {@code notify}, or
 * {@code notifyAll} on {@code Thread} instances.
 *
 * @param  millis
 *         the time to wait in milliseconds
 *
 * @throws  IllegalArgumentException
 *          if the value of {@code millis} is negative
 *
 * @throws  InterruptedException
 *          if any thread has interrupted the current thread. The
 *          <i>interrupted status</i> of the current thread is
 *          cleared when this exception is thrown.
 */
public final synchronized void join(long millis) throws InterruptedException {long base = System.currentTimeMillis();
    long now = 0;
    // 超时工夫不能小于 0
    if (millis < 0) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("timeout value is negative");
    }
    // 等于 0 示意有限期待,直到线程执行完为之
    if (millis == 0) {// 判断子线程 (其余线程) 为沉闷线程,则始终期待
        while (isAlive()) {wait(0);
        }
    } else {
        // 循环判断
        while (isAlive()) {
            long delay = millis - now;
            if (delay <= 0) {break;}
            wait(delay);
            now = System.currentTimeMillis() - base;}
    }
}

从源码晓得几点:

  • 从源码中能够看出 join () 办法底层还是通过 wait () 办法来实现的。
  • 以后线程终止,会调用以后实例的 notifyAll 办法唤醒其余线程。
  • 调用 join 办法,会使以后线程从 RUNNABLE 状态转至 WAITING 状态。

总结

Thread 类中次要有 start、run、sleep、yield、join、interrupt 等办法,其中 start、sleep、yield、join、interrupt(扭转 sleep 状态)是会扭转线程状态的。最初,上一张实现版的 线程状态切换图

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