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Apache-Commons-*
字符串
判断字符串是否为空白字符串
以前判断字符串是否为空:
if ((name == null) || (name.isEmpty())){}
应用 apache-common-lang3
的 StringUtils
:
void testIsBlank() {
// true
Assertions.assertTrue(StringUtils.isBlank(" "));
// true
Assertions.assertTrue(StringUtils.isBlank(""));
// true
Assertions.assertTrue(StringUtils.isBlank(null));
// false
Assertions.assertFalse(StringUtils.isBlank("foo"));
// true
Assertions.assertTrue(StringUtils.isAnyBlank(null, " "));
// false
Assertions.assertFalse(StringUtils.isAnyBlank("foo", "bar"));
}
右边填充字符串
有时候咱们须要生成流水号,例如 4 位数的流水号,从 1
开始其余用字符 '0'
填充,就能够应用 leftPad
办法,示例如下:
@Test
void testLeftPad() {
// 0001
Assertions.assertEquals("0001", StringUtils.leftPad("1", 4, '0'));
}
左边填充字符串
@Test
void testRightPad() {
// 1000
Assertions.assertEquals("1000", StringUtils.rightPad("1", 4, '0'));
}
宰割字符串
// ["a","b","c"]
Assertions.assertEquals(Arrays.toString(new String[]{"a", "b", "c"}), Arrays.toString(StringUtils.split("a,b,c", ",")));
字符串比拟
// true
Assertions.assertTrue(StringUtils.equals(null, null));
// false
Assertions.assertFalse(StringUtils.equals("null", null));
字符串已指定子字符串结尾
@Test
void testStartWith() {
// true
Assertions.assertTrue(StringUtils.startsWith("hello,world", "hello"));
// false
Assertions.assertFalse(StringUtils.startsWith("你好,世界", "世界"));
}
数值工具类
转换为 int 类型
将字符串转换为 int
类型,toInt(String str)
在转换失败的时候会返回默认值 0
, 如果须要指定默认值那么能够应用 toInt(final String str, final int defaultValue)
:
@Test
void testToInt() {
// 0
Assertions.assertEquals(0, NumberUtils.toInt("abc"));
// 0
Assertions.assertEquals(0, NumberUtils.toInt("01c"));
// 0
Assertions.assertEquals(0, NumberUtils.toInt("1a3"));
// 1
Assertions.assertEquals(1, NumberUtils.toInt("foo", 1));
// 11
Assertions.assertEquals(11, NumberUtils.toInt("11"));
// 11
Assertions.assertEquals(11, NumberUtils.toInt("011", 3));
}
数组
判断数组是否为空
@Test
void testIsEmpty() {
// true
Assertions.assertTrue(ArrayUtils.isEmpty(new Object[]{}));
// false
Assertions.assertFalse(ArrayUtils.isEmpty(new String[]{"foo"}));
}
日期
减少指定天数
除了减少指定的天数,common-lang3
还提供了:
addHours
:减少指定小时addMonths
:减少指定月数-
等 …
@Test void testAddDay() {Date now = new Date(); Date tomorrow = DateUtils.addDays(now, 1); Assertions.assertEquals(1, Duration.ofMillis(tomorrow.getTime() - now.getTime()).toDays()); Assertions.assertEquals(Duration.ofDays(1).toMillis(), Duration.ofMillis(tomorrow.getTime() - now.getTime()).toMillis()); }
格式化日期
tring pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
Date d1 = DateUtils.parseDate("2022-10-22 00:00:00", pattern);
Assertions.assertEquals("2022-10-22 00:00:00", DateFormatUtils.format(d1, pattern));
判断是否为同一天
String parsePattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
Date d1 = DateUtils.parseDate("2022-10-22 00:00:00", parsePattern);
Date d2 = DateUtils.parseDate("2022-10-22 23:59:59", parsePattern);
// true
Assertions.assertTrue(DateUtils.isSameDay(d1, d2));
d1 = DateUtils.parseDate("2022-10-23 00:00:00", parsePattern);
d2 = DateUtils.parseDate("2022-10-22 00:00:00", parsePattern);
// false
Assertions.assertFalse(DateUtils.isSameDay(d1, d2));
枚举
@Test
void testGetEnum() {Assertions.assertThrowsExactly(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> Season.valueOf("Spring"));
// 默认返回 null, 不抛出异样
Assertions.assertNull(EnumUtils.getEnum(Season.class, "spring"));
// 指定默认值
Assertions.assertEquals(Season.SPRING, EnumUtils.getEnumIgnoreCase(Season.class, "spring"));
// 疏忽大小写匹配
Assertions.assertEquals(Season.SPRING, EnumUtils.getEnum(Season.class, "spring", Season.SPRING));
}
enum Season {SPRING,}
Guava
宰割字符串
在理解 Guava
提供的字符串分割器之前,咱们先来看看 Java
提供的字符串分隔有什么毛病,如下所示,输入的后果为:
",a,,b,".split(",")
"","a","", "b", ""
null, "a", null, "b", null
"a", null, "b"
"a", "b"
- 以上都不对
正确输入后果是 [, a, , b]
,答案是选项 5:“以上都不对”。Splitter
不仅实现了字符串分隔,还提供了对应的修饰符,即对拆分后果进行解决,例如:
String str = "foo, bar ,,,baz";
// ["foo","bar","baz"]
Splitter.on(",")
.trimResults()
.omitEmptyStrings()
.splitToList(str);
// [高低高低左, 左, 右右]
str = "baba 高低高低左 a 左 b 右右";
res = Splitter.on(CharMatcher.inRange('a', 'b'))
.trimResults()
.omitEmptyStrings()
.splitToList(str);
// [高低高低左, 左, 右右]
log.info("{}", res);
拆分器工厂
办法 | 形容 | 示例 |
---|---|---|
Splitter.on(char) |
按单个字符拆分 | Splitter.on(','); |
Splitter.on(CharMatcher) |
按字符匹配器拆分 | Splitter.on(CharMatcher.inRange(‘a’, ‘b’)) |
Splitter.on(String) |
按字符串拆分 | Splitter.on(",") |
Splitter.on(Pattern)或 onPattern(String) |
按正则表达式拆分 | Splitter.on("\r?\n") |
Splitter.fixedLength(int) |
按固定长度拆分;最初一段可能比给定长度短,但不会为空。 | Splitter.fixedLength(3) |
拆分器修饰符
办法 | 形容 |
---|---|
omitEmptyStrings() |
从后果中主动疏忽空白字符串 |
trimResults() |
移除后果字符串的首位空白字符 |
trimResults(CharMatcher) |
给定匹配器,移除后果字符串的首位匹配字符 |
limit(int) |
限度拆分出的字符串数量 |
不可变汇合
public static final ImmutableSet<String> COLOR_NAMES = ImmutableSet.of(
"red",
"orange",
"yellow",
"green",
"blue",
"purple");
class Foo {
Set<Bar> bars;
Foo(Set<Bar> bars) {this.bars = ImmutableSet.copyOf(bars); // defensive copy!
}
}
不可变对象有很多的长处:
- 当对象被不可信的库调用时,不可变模式是平安的;
- 不可变对象被多个线程调用时,不存在竞态条件问题
- 不可变汇合不须要思考变动,因而能够节省时间和空间。所有不可变的汇合都比它们的可变模式有更好的内存利用率(剖析和测试细节);
- 不可变对象因为有固定不变,能够作为常量来平安应用。
应用不可变汇合
不可变汇合能够用如下多种形式创立:
copyOf
:ImmutableList.copyOf
of
:ImmutableList.of("a","b","c")
Builder
工具,例如:
public static final ImmutableSet<Color> GOOGLE_COLORS =
ImmutableSet.<Color>builder()
.addAll(WEBSAFE_COLORS)
.add(new Color(0, 191, 255))
.build();
连贯字符串
@Test
void testJoin() {
// foo,bar
Assertions.assertEquals("foo,bar", Joiner.on(',').join(ImmutableList.of("foo", "bar")));
// foo
Assertions.assertEquals("foo", Joiner.on(',').skipNulls().join("foo", null));
// foo,empty
Assertions.assertEquals("foo,empty", Joiner.on(',').useForNull("empty").join("foo", null));
// 抛出空指针异样
Assertions.assertThrowsExactly(NullPointerException.class, () -> Joiner.on(',').join("foo", null));
}
正告:joiner 实例总是不可变的。用来定义 joiner 指标语义的配置办法总会返回一个新的 joiner 实例。这使得 joiner 实例都是线程平安的,你能够将其定义为 static final 常量。
Strings
将 null
转换为空字符串:
Assertions.assertEquals("", Strings.nullToEmpty(null));
将空字符串转换为 null
:
Assertions.assertEquals(null, Strings.emptyToNull(""));
Assertions.assertEquals(null, Strings.emptyToNull(null));
CharMatcher
String noControl = CharMatcher.JAVA_ISO_CONTROL.removeFrom(string); // 移除 control 字符
String theDigits = CharMatcher.DIGIT.retainFrom(string); // 只保留数字字符
String spaced = CharMatcher.WHITESPACE.trimAndCollapseFrom(string, ' ');
// 去除两端的空格,并把两头的间断空格替换成单个空格
String noDigits = CharMatcher.JAVA_DIGIT.replaceFrom(string, "*"); // 用 * 号替换所有数字
String lowerAndDigit = CharMatcher.JAVA_DIGIT.or(CharMatcher.JAVA_LOWER_CASE).retainFrom(string);
// 只保留数字和小写字母
Spring
判断汇合是否为空
@Test
void testIsEmpty() {Assertions.assertTrue(CollectionUtils.isEmpty((List<?>) null));
Assertions.assertTrue(CollectionUtils.isEmpty((Set<?>) null));
Assertions.assertTrue(CollectionUtils.isEmpty((Map<?, ?>) null));
Assertions.assertTrue(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(Collections.emptyList()));
Assertions.assertTrue(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(Collections.emptySet()));
Assertions.assertTrue(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(Collections.emptyMap()));
Assertions.assertTrue(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(List.of()));
Assertions.assertTrue(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(Set.of()));
Assertions.assertTrue(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(Map.of()));
List<Object> list = new LinkedList<>();
list.add(new Object());
Assertions.assertFalse(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(list));
Assertions.assertFalse(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(List.of("foo")));
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("foo", "bar");
Assertions.assertFalse(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(map));
Assertions.assertFalse(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(Map.of("foo", "bar")));
}
获取汇合的第一个元素
@Test
void testFirstElement() {Assertions.assertNull(CollectionUtils.firstElement((Set<?>) null));
Assertions.assertNull(CollectionUtils.firstElement((List<?>) null));
List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add(null);
// null
Assertions.assertNull(CollectionUtils.firstElement(list));
list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add("foo");
// foo
Assertions.assertEquals("foo", CollectionUtils.firstElement(list));
list = List.of("foo", "bar");
// foo
Assertions.assertEquals("foo", CollectionUtils.firstElement(list));
Set<String> set = new TreeSet<>();
set.add("b");
set.add("a");
// a
Assertions.assertEquals("a", CollectionUtils.firstElement(set));
// b
set = new TreeSet<>(Comparator.reverseOrder());
set.add("b");
set.add("a");
Assertions.assertEquals("b", CollectionUtils.firstElement(set));
}
获取汇合的最初一个元素
@Test
void testLastElement() {Assertions.assertNull(CollectionUtils.lastElement((Set<?>) null));
Assertions.assertNull(CollectionUtils.lastElement((List<?>) null));
List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add(null);
Assertions.assertNull(CollectionUtils.lastElement(list));
list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add("foo");
list.add("bar");
// bar
Assertions.assertEquals("bar", CollectionUtils.lastElement(list));
list = List.of("foo", "bar");
Assertions.assertEquals("bar", CollectionUtils.lastElement(list));
Set<String> set = new TreeSet<>();
set.add("b");
set.add("a");
// b
Assertions.assertEquals("b", CollectionUtils.lastElement(set));
set = new TreeSet<>(Comparator.reverseOrder());
set.add("b");
set.add("a");
// a
Assertions.assertEquals("a", CollectionUtils.lastElement(set));
}
对象属性拷贝
增加一个测试对象:
class User {
private String name;
private String email;
// 疏忽 getXxx 和 setXxx 办法
@Test
void testCopyProperties() {User user = new User();
user.setName("foo");
user.setEmail("bar");
User target = new User();
// 拷贝属性
BeanUtils.copyProperties(user, target, "email");
Assertions.assertEquals("foo", target.getName());
Assertions.assertNull(target.getEmail());
}
命名的 ThreadLocal
@Test
void testNamedThreadLocal() {NamedThreadLocal<String> threadLocal = new NamedThreadLocal<>("task");
Assertions.assertEquals("task", threadLocal.toString());
}
判断对象是否相等
@Test
void testNullSafeEquals() {Assertions.assertTrue(ObjectUtils.nullSafeEquals(null, null));
Assertions.assertTrue(ObjectUtils.nullSafeEquals("a", "a"));
Assertions.assertTrue(ObjectUtils.nullSafeEquals(Optional.of("a"), Optional.of("a")));
}
判断对象是否为空
@Test
void testIsEmpty() {Assertions.assertTrue(ObjectUtils.isEmpty((Object) null));
Assertions.assertTrue(ObjectUtils.isEmpty(Optional.empty()));
Assertions.assertTrue(ObjectUtils.isEmpty(""));
Assertions.assertTrue(ObjectUtils.isEmpty(new String[]{}));
Assertions.assertTrue(ObjectUtils.isEmpty(Collections.emptyList()));
Assertions.assertTrue(ObjectUtils.isEmpty(Collections.emptyMap()));
}
资源工具类
有时候咱们须要加载 classpath
目录下的资源,例如:
File file = new File(ResourceUtilsTests.class.getClassLoader().getResource("log4j2.xml").toURI());
Assertions.assertEquals("log4j2.xml", file.getName());
应用 Spring
的 ResourceUtils
只须要这么写:
File file = ResourceUtils.getFile(ResourceUtils.CLASSPATH_URL_PREFIX + "log4j2.xml");
Assertions.assertEquals("log4j2.xml", file.getName());
计时器
@Test
void testStopWatch() throws InterruptedException {
// 创立一个计时器(秒表)StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
// 开始计时
stopWatch.start();
Thread.sleep(Duration.ofSeconds(1).toMillis());
// 进行计时
stopWatch.stop();
// 获取总耗时(毫秒)// 1005ms.
log.info("{}ms.", stopWatch.getTotalTimeMillis());
// 1s.
log.info("{}s.", Duration.ofMillis(stopWatch.getTotalTimeMillis()).toSeconds());
}
UriComponentsBuilder
有时候咱们须要在服务端手动发送申请,在申请 url
咱们应用字符串拼接的形式,Spring
提供了 UriComponentsBuilder
能让咱们更加语意化来构建一个申请url
,而且还会主动对url
进行编码:
@Test
void testFromUriString() {
String uri = UriComponentsBuilder
.fromUriString("/coffee/{foo}/{id}/like")
.build("aa", "bb")
.toString();
Assertions.assertEquals("/coffee/aa/bb/like", uri);
uri = UriComponentsBuilder
.fromUriString("http://localhost:8080/coffe/{id}")
.encode()
.build(1).toString();
Assertions.assertEquals("http://localhost:8080/coffe/1", uri);
uri = UriComponentsBuilder
.fromUriString("http://localhost:8080/coffee?name={name}")
.build(" ").toString();
Assertions.assertEquals("http://localhost:8080/coffee?name=%20",uri);
}
hutool
校验
@Test
void testIsCitizenId() {
// 校验是否为身份证
Assertions.assertTrue(Validator.isCitizenId("110101199003074477"));
// 15 位身份证号码验证
Assertions.assertTrue(Validator.isCitizenId("410001910101123"));
// 10 位身份证号码验证
Assertions.assertTrue(Validator.isCitizenId("U193683453"));
}
@Test
void testIsMobile() {
// 校验是否为手机号
Assertions.assertTrue(Validator.isMobile("13900221432"));
Assertions.assertTrue(Validator.isMobile("015100221432"));
Assertions.assertTrue(Validator.isMobile("+8618600221432"));
}
@Test
void testIsPlateNumber() {
// 校验是否为车牌号
Assertions.assertTrue(Validator.isPlateNumber("粤 BA03205"));
Assertions.assertTrue(Validator.isPlateNumber("闽 20401 领"));
}
emoji
@Test
void testToUnicode() {String unicode = EmojiUtil.toUnicode(":smile:");
Assertions.assertEquals("😄", unicode);
}
@Test
void testToAlias() {Assertions.assertEquals(":smile:", EmojiUtil.toAlias("😄"));
}
@Test
void testToHtml() {String html = EmojiUtil.toHtml("😄");
Assertions.assertEquals("😄", html);
}
拼音
引入依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>io.github.biezhi</groupId>
<artifactId>TinyPinyin</artifactId>
<version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
获取拼音:
@Test
void testGetPinyin() {Assertions.assertEquals("ceng", PinyinUtil.getPinyin("曾"));
Assertions.assertEquals("f o o", PinyinUtil.getPinyin("foo"));
Assertions.assertThrowsExactly(NullPointerException.class, () -> PinyinUtil.getPinyin(null));
Assertions.assertEquals("", PinyinUtil.getPinyin(" "));
// ? ?
log.info("{}", PinyinUtil.getPinyin("🐛"));
Assertions.assertEquals("!# ¥ %(#)@", PinyinUtil.getPinyin("!#¥%(#)@"));
}
压缩
转换
@Test
void testDigitToChinese() {Assertions.assertEquals("零元零壹分",Convert.digitToChinese(0.01));
}
二维码
@Test
void testGenerate() {
// 生成二维码
final BufferedImage image = QrCodeUtil.generate("https://hutool.cn/", 300, 300);
Assertions.assertNotNull(image);
}
SpringUtil
SpringUtil
实现了通过 @EnalbeAutoConfiguuration
主动拆卸 Bean
,文件 spring.factories
定义如下:
# Auto Configure
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
cn.hutool.extra.spring.SpringUtil
// 获取 bean
final Demo2 testDemo = SpringUtil.getBean("testDemo");
版本比拟
@Test
void testCompare() {Assertions.assertEquals(-1, VersionComparator.INSTANCE.compare("1.12.1", "1.12.1c"));
Assertions.assertEquals(1, VersionComparator.INSTANCE.compare("V0.0.20170102", "V0.0.20170101"));
}
身份证
private static final String ID_18 = "321083197812162119";
private static final String ID_15 = "150102880730303";
/**
* 依据身份编号获取生日,只反对 15 或 18 位身份证号码.
*/
@Test
void testGetBirthByIdCard() {Assertions.assertEquals(IdcardUtil.getBirthByIdCard(ID_18), "19781216");
Assertions.assertEquals(IdcardUtil.getBirthByIdCard(ID_15), "19880730");
}
打码 / 信息脱敏
void testIdCardNum() {
Assertions.assertEquals("5***************1X",
DesensitizedUtil.idCardNum("51343620000320711X", 1, 2));
}
@Test
void testMobilePhone() {Assertions.assertEquals("180****1999", DesensitizedUtil.mobilePhone("18049531999"));
}
@Test
void testPassword() {Assertions.assertEquals("**********", DesensitizedUtil.password("1234567890"));
}
@Test
void testEmail() {Assertions.assertEquals("d********@126.com", DesensitizedUtil.email("duandazhi@126.com"));
Assertions.assertEquals("d********@gmail.com.cn", DesensitizedUtil.email("duandazhi@gmail.com.cn"));
Assertions.assertEquals("d*************@gmail.com.cn", DesensitizedUtil.email("duandazhi-jack@gmail.com.cn"));
}
加密
引入依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
<artifactId>bcprov-jdk15to18</artifactId>
<version>1.69</version>
</dependency>
SM4 对称加密:
String content = "test 中文"; SymmetricCrypto sm4 = SmUtil.sm4();
String encryptHex = sm4.encryptHex(content);
String decryptStr = sm4.decryptStr(encryptHex, CharsetUtil.CHARSET_UTF_8);
JDK
Collections
返回空数组:
@Test
void testEmptyList() {Assertions.assertTrue(Collections.emptyList().isEmpty());
}
Arrays
打印数组信息,不便 debug:
@Test
void testToString() {Assertions.assertEquals("[a, b, c]",Arrays.toString(new String[]{"a","b","c"}));
Assertions.assertEquals("null",Arrays.toString((String[]) null));
}
Duration
有时候咱们传递一些工夫参数,单位可能是秒、毫米、分钟、小时等,例如线程睡眠工夫,咱们能够应用 Duration
来语意化咱们的代码:
@Test
void test() throws InterruptedException {Thread.currentThread().sleep(Duration.ofSeconds(1).toMillis());
}
StandardCharsets
咱们有时候须要用到字符集,例如:
URLEncoder
InputStreamReader
IOUtils.toString
能够应用 StandardCharsets
,例如:
IOUtils.toString(new ClassPathResource("log4j2.xml").getInputStream(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8)
Objects
对象 equals
:
@Test
void testEquals() {Assertions.assertTrue(Objects.equals(null, null));
Assertions.assertFalse(Objects.equals("a", "b"));
}
防止空指针获取 hashCode
:
@Test
void testHashCode() {Assertions.assertEquals(0, Objects.hashCode(null));
Assertions.assertEquals("a".hashCode(), Objects.hashCode("a"));
}
null
转默认值:
@Test
void testRequireNonNullElse() {Assertions.assertEquals("a", Objects.requireNonNullElse(null, "a"));
}
判断对象不为空,配合 Stream
:
@Test
void testNonNull() {List<String> names = Lists.newArrayList("foo", null);
names = names.stream()
.filter(Objects::nonNull)
.collect(Collectors.toList());
Assertions.assertEquals(names, List.of("foo"));
}
Optional
@Test
void testOptional() {
// 创立一个 Optional 对象,不容许为空
Optional<String> optional = Optional.of("a");
// 获取值,如果值为空抛出 NoSuchElementException 异样
Assertions.assertEquals("a", optional.get());
// 判断 Optional 的值是否为空
Assertions.assertFalse(optional.isEmpty());
// 判断 Optional 的值是否不为空
Assertions.assertTrue(optional.isPresent());
// 创立一个 Optional 对象,容许为 null
optional = Optional.ofNullable(null);
// 获取值,如果值为空抛出 NoSuchElementException 异样
Assertions.assertThrowsExactly(NoSuchElementException.class, optional::get);
// 判断 Optional 的值是否为空
Assertions.assertTrue(optional.isEmpty());
// 判断 Optional 的值是否不为空
Assertions.assertFalse(optional.isPresent());
// 创立一个空的 Optional 对象
optional = Optional.empty();
// 获取值,如果值为空抛出 NoSuchElementException 异样
Assertions.assertThrowsExactly(NoSuchElementException.class, optional::get);
// 判断 Optional 的值是否为空
Assertions.assertTrue(optional.isEmpty());
// 判断 Optional 的值是否不为空
Assertions.assertFalse(optional.isPresent());
}