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关于ios:自定义KVO自动释放监听多个属性

jiezi

自定义的 KVO，反对多属性监听，反对主动开释。

应用零碎 KVO 监听属性 

@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *msg;
@property (nonatomic, strong) Person *person;

1、增加观察者 

[self addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"msg" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil];
[self addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"person.name" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil];

2、解决回调 

- (void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary<NSKeyValueChangeKey,id> *)change context:(void *)context {if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"msg"]) {NSLog(@"msg 新值 : %@", self.msg);
    }
    if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"person.name"]) {NSLog(@"person.name 新值 : %@", self.person.name);
    }
}

3、手动移除观察者 

[self removeObserver:self forKeyPath:@"msg"];
[self removeObserver:self forKeyPath:@"person.name"];

零碎 KVO 须要写一大堆代码，须要手动开释，须要咱们本人判断监听是哪个属性，咱们通过自定义 KVO 主动解决这些流程。

应用自定义 EasyKVO 监听属性

监听 msg 属性 

[self observeProperty:@"msg" changedBlock:^(id newValue, id oldValue) {NSLog(@"> msg : 旧值 %@, 新值 %@", oldValue, newValue);
}];

监听 person.name 属性 

[self.person observeProperty:@"name" changedBlock:^(id newValue, id oldValue) {NSLog(@"> person.name : 旧值 %@, 新值 %@", oldValue, newValue);
}];

相比于零碎的 kvo，自定义 kvo 不须要手动开释，不须要再回调函数中增加很多 if 判断来区别不同属性，应用简略。

注意事项

  1. 暂不反对上面的监听形式：
[self observeProperty:@"person.name" changedBlock:^(id newValue, id oldValue) {NSLog(@"> person.name : 旧值 %@, 新值 %@", oldValue, newValue);
}];

2. 请不要和零碎 KVO 一起应用, 因为 isa 指针的关系, 会造成抵触.

次要原理简介

1、创立自定义派生类 

NSString *oldClassName = NSStringFromClass([self class]);
NSString *pairClassName = [EASY_KVO_PREFIX stringByAppendingString:oldClassName];
Class pairClass = NSClassFromString(pairClassName);
pairClass = objc_allocateClassPair([self class], pairClassName.UTF8String, 0x68);
objc_registerClassPair(pairClass);

2、增加主动开释的办法 

if (!_containSelector(self, @"dealloc")) {SEL deallocSEL = NSSelectorFromString(@"dealloc");
    Method deallocMethod = class_getInstanceMethod([self class], deallocSEL);
    const char * deallocType = method_getTypeEncoding(deallocMethod);
    class_addMethod(pairClass, deallocSEL, (IMP)easy_dealloc, deallocType);
} else {
    static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
    dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{Method m1 = class_getInstanceMethod([self class], NSSelectorFromString(@"dealloc"));
        Method m2 = class_getInstanceMethod([self class], @selector(selEasyDealloc));
        method_exchangeImplementations(m1, m2);
    });
}

dealloc 实现 

- (void)selEasyDealloc {__easy_dealloc(self);
    [self selEasyDealloc];
}

void easy_dealloc(id self, SEL _cmd) {__easy_dealloc(self);
}

void __easy_dealloc(id self) {NSLog(@"-- easy_dealloc %@", self);
    NSMutableDictionary *tips = _globalTipsMap();
    [tips removeAllObjects];
    Class oldClass = [self class];
    object_setClass(self, oldClass); /* 改回 isa 指针 */
    
    /* 开释所有属性和变量 */
    unsigned int count = 0;
    Ivar * ivarList = class_copyIvarList([self class], &count);
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {Ivar ivar = ivarList[i];
        const char * name = ivar_getName(ivar);
        NSString * KEY = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:name];
        [self setValue:nil forKey:KEY];
        //NSLog(@"prop %@ released", KEY);
    }   
}

3、重写 setter 办法 

SEL setSel = NSSelectorFromString(_setterForProperty(keyPath));
Method setMethod = class_getInstanceMethod([self class], setSel);
const char * setType = method_getTypeEncoding(setMethod);
class_addMethod(pairClass, setSel, (IMP)easy_setter, setType);

setter 实现，并在此回调 block

void easy_setter(id self, SEL _cmd, id newValue) {NSString *setterName = NSStringFromSelector(_cmd);
    if (setterName.length < 4) return;
    
    NSString *format = [setterName substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(3, setterName.length - 4)];
    NSString *keyPath = [format stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 1) withString:[[format substringToIndex:1] lowercaseString]];
    if (keyPath.length < 1) return;
    
    id oldValue = [self valueForKeyPath:keyPath];
    if (![oldValue isEqual:newValue]) {
        // 调用父类 setter
        struct objc_super superClass = {
            .receiver = self,
            .super_class = class_getSuperclass(object_getClass(self))
        };
        void (* msgSendSuper)(void *, SEL, id) = (void *)objc_msgSendSuper;
        msgSendSuper(&superClass, _cmd, newValue);
    }
    
    // 回调 block
    NSString *KEY = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_%@_%@_block", NSStringFromClass(object_getClass(self)), keyPath];
    NSMutableDictionary * tipMap = _globalTipsMap();
    EasyKVOChangedBlock block = (EasyKVOChangedBlock)[tipMap objectForKey:KEY];
    if (block) {block(newValue, oldValue);
    }
}

4、批改 isa 指针 

object_setClass(self, pairClass);

5、保留 block 回调信息 

NSString * KEY = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_%@_%@_block", NSStringFromClass(pairClass), keyPath];
NSMutableDictionary *tips = _globalTipsMap();
if (block) {[tips setObject:[block copy] forKey:KEY];
} else {[tips setObject:[^{} copy] forKey:KEY];
}

Demo

demo 地址：
https://github.com/jerodji/EasyKVO

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