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关于程序员:Tkinter制作股票数据抓取小程序有点秀

jiezi

在后面的文章中，咱们一起学习了如何通过 Python 抓取西方财富网的实时股票数据，链接如下

用 Python 爬取股票实时数据

明天咱们就在这个根底上，实现一个 Tkinter GUI 程序，实现无代码股票抓取！

首先对于 Tkinter 置信大家都是比拟理解的，如果有小伙伴对于 Tkinter 的相干用法不是特地相熟的话，能够看如下文章

Tkinter 入门之旅

首先咱们先看一下 GUI 程序的最终成果

该程序共分三个区域：

  • 个股查问：用于查问某只股票的数据，能够查问 1 天或者多天数据
  • 批量查问：查问某个交易所所有股票的数据
  • 日志区域：打印抓取信息

上面咱们就来看看该如何从头实现这个 GUI 程序

程序布局

首先就是程序布局，这里咱们应用了 ttkbootstrap 库来丑化整体程序

程序初始化局部

import ttkbootstrap as ttk
from ttkbootstrap.constants import *
import tkinter.messagebox as messbox


class MainCreator(ttk.Window):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__("股票抓取工具", themename="solar", resizable=(False, False))
        self.configure_frame = ttk.Frame(self, padding=(10, 10, 5, 10))
        self.configure_frame.pack(side=LEFT, fill=BOTH, expand=YES)
        self.demo_frame = ttk.Frame(self, padding=(5, 10, 10, 10))
        self.demo_frame.pack(side=LEFT, fill=BOTH, expand=YES)

程序布局局部

    def create_frame(self):
        """Create all the frame widgets"""
        container = ttk.Frame(self)
        container.pack(side=LEFT, fill=BOTH, expand=YES, padx=5)

        color_group = ttk.Labelframe(master=container, text="个股查问", padding=10)
        color_group.pack(fill=X, side=TOP)
        en_command = super().register(self.en_validate)
        self.en0 = ttk.Entry(color_group, width=5, text='', bootstyle='warning',
                             validate='key', validatecommand=(en_command, '%P'))
        self.en0.insert('0', 1)
        self.en0.config(state=DISABLED)
        ...

总体上来说，咱们所有的组件都是从 ttk 当中实例化的，也就是间接复用了库 ttkbootstrap 的相干丑化性能，使得咱们的程序看起来更加高级好看

抓取与保留性能

上面咱们编写股票抓取代码和对应的保留代码

股票抓取

def get_A_mins(code):
    if code.startswith("3") or code.startswith("0"):
        url = shang_A_url.replace("%s", code)
    elif code.startswith("6"):
        url = shen_A_url.replace("%s", code)
    else:
        return False

    res = requests.get(url)
    result = res.text.split("cb_1659146437934_51841953")[1].split("(")[1].split(");")[0]
    result_json = json.loads(result)
    stock_data = result_json['data']
    return stock_data


def get_A_days(code):
    if code.startswith("3") or code.startswith("0"):
        url = shang_A_days.replace("%s", code)
    elif code.startswith("6"):
        url = shen_A_days.replace("%s", code)
    else:
        return False

    res = requests.get(url)
    result = res.text.split("cb_1659171393020_15037673")[1].split("(")[1].split(");")[0]
    result_json = json.loads(result)
    stock_data = result_json['data']
    return stock_data


def get_hsj(date):
    total_data = []
    try:
        for i in range(1, 5):
            res = requests.get(hsj_url.replace("%s", str(i)))
            result = res.text.split("jQuery112402508937289440778_1658838703304")[1].split("(")[1].split(");")[0]
            result_json = json.loads(result)
            stock_data = result_json['data']
            if stock_data:
                total_data.append(stock_data)
                saveFunc.save_data_hsj(stock_data['diff'], date)
            else:
                return total_data
        return total_data
    except Exception as e:
        return False


def get_Center():
    total_data = []
    for i in range(1, 20):
        res = requests.get(center_url.replace("%s", str(i)))
        result = res.text.split("jQuery112404177389105264733_1659176039486")[1].split("(")[1].split(");")[0]
        result_json = json.loads(result)
        center_data = result_json['data']
        if center_data:
            total_data.append(center_data)
        else:
            return total_data


def get_shang_A():
    pass


def get_shen_A():
    pass


def get_bei_A():
    pass

股票代码分为上交所，深交所和北交所以及大盘行情数据，所以咱们别离编写函数进行解决

数据保留

import os


def save_data_mins(data, date):
    Code = data['code']
    Name = data['name']
    if not os.path.exists(r"stock_data_%s_%s_%s_mins.csv" % (Code, Name, date)):
        with open("stock_data_%s_%s_%s_mins.csv" % (Code, Name, date), "a+", encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write("工夫, 最新价, 成交量（手）, 成交额 \n")
            for i in data['trends']:
                i_list = i.split(",")
                time = i_list[0]
                price = i_list[2]
                mount = i_list[5]
                count = i_list[6]
                row = '{},{},{},{}'.format(time,price,mount,count)
                f.write(row)
                f.write('\n')
    else:
        ...


def save_data_days(data, days):
    print(days)
    Code = data['code']
    Name = data['name']
    if not os.path.exists(r"stock_data_%s_%s_days.csv" % (Code, Name)):
        with open("stock_data_%s_%s_days.csv" % (Code, Name), "a+", encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write("工夫, 开盘价, 收盘价, 最高价, 最低价, 成交量（手）, 成交额, 振幅, 涨跌幅, 涨跌额, 换手率 \n")
            for i in data["klines"][::-1][:int(days)]:
                i_list = i.split(",")
                time = i_list[0]
                Open = i_list[1]
                close = i_list[2]
                heigh = i_list[3]
                low = i_list[4]
                mount = i_list[5]
                count = i_list[6]
                amplitude = i_list[7]
                changePercent = i_list[8]
                change = i_list[9]
                turnoverRate = i_list[10]
                row = '{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{}'.format(time,Open,close,heigh,low,mount,count,amplitude,changePercent,change,turnoverRate)
                f.write(row)
                f.write('\n')
    else:
        ...


def save_data_hsj(data, date):
    if not os.path.exists(r'stock_data_%s.csv' % date):
        with open("stock_data_%s.csv" % date, "a+", encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write("股票代码, 股票名称, 最新价, 涨跌幅, 涨跌额, 成交量（手）, 成交额, 振幅, 换手率, 市盈率, 量比, 最高, 最低, 今开, 昨收, 市净率 \n")
            for i in data:
                Code = i["f12"]
                Name = i["f14"]
                Close = i['f2']
                ChangePercent = i["f3"]
                Change = i['f4']
                Volume = i['f5']
                Amount = i['f6']
                Amplitude = i['f7']
                TurnoverRate = i['f8']
                PERation = i['f9']
                VolumeRate = i['f10']
                Hign = i['f15']
                Low = i['f16']
                Open = i['f17']
                PreviousClose = i['f18']
                PB = i['f22']
                row = '{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{}'.format(
                    Code,Name,Close,ChangePercent,Change,Volume,Amount,Amplitude,
                    TurnoverRate,PERation,VolumeRate,Hign,Low,Open,PreviousClose,PB)
                f.write(row)
                f.write('\n')
    else:
        ...


def save_data_center():
    pass


def save_data_shang_A():
    pass

增加性能

接下来就是为布局好的 GUI 程序增加各种响应性能

个股查问按钮

为个股查问的 抓取 按钮绑定办法catch

self.bt = ttk.Button(color_group, text='抓取', bootstyle='success', command=self.catch)

办法 catch 的定义如下

    def catch(self):
        self.txt.yview_moveto(1)
        now = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
        day = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
        if self.cbvar.get() == 1:
            catch_day = self.en0.get()
            if self.en.get():
                code = self.en.get()
                result = catchFunc.get_A_days(code)
                if result:
                    saveFunc.save_data_days(result, catch_day)
                    self.txt.insert(ttk.INSERT, "抓取股票 %s 胜利 %s" % (code, now))
                    self.txt.insert(ttk.INSERT, "\n")
                    self.txt.update()
                    self.txt.yview_moveto(1)
                else:
                    print("股票代码谬误")
                    messbox.showerror("股票代码谬误", "请输出正确的股票代码！")
            else:
                print("请输出股票代码")
                messbox.showerror("股票代码为空", "请输出股票代码！")
        else:
        ...

批量查问开关

对于批量查问，咱们是通过一个多选框开关管制的

self.cb_batch = ttk.Checkbutton(cr_group, text="开启批量", variable=self.cbvar1, command=self.cb_button)

绑定的办法如下

    def cb_button(self):
        if self.cbvar1.get() == 1:
            self.bt_batch.config(state=NORMAL)
        else:
            self.bt_batch.config(state=DISABLED)

好了，以上就是程序的局部代码，让咱们看一下整体成果吧

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