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关于cesium:Cesium开发实践

做了大略三个月的基于 cesium 地图开发的利用场景和大屏;次要想从 cesium 根本的入门到一些简略的场景交互做一个代码分享。

Cesium 是三维地图开发的一个前端 gis 引擎;反对 wtms、影像、模型、地形、歪斜摄影的数据加载。并通过对点线面、材质、视角等图形学常识对它进行一个正式三维场景的一个复现。
包含一些最

  • 根本的创立地图、创立点位、数据源组、创立图层、加载 gif,相机视角;
  • 加载图层、绘制点、线、面,调节情景参数;
  • 对接天地图、高德地图、百度地图;
  • 事件:点击事件、移除事件、移除事件、拖拽事件
  • 弹框:视频弹框、详情弹框、报警弹框
  • 轨迹:动静轨迹、轨迹漫游
  • 流线图:喷泉、流线图
  • 场景:模仿下雪、下雨、雷达图
  • 根本工具箱:放大、放大,定位、画线
  • kml、geojson 文件转换和加载
  • 性能优化
  • 常用工具办法

    1、根本的创立地图

 viewer = new Cesium.Viewer('maps', {
                    animation: false, // 是否创立动画小器件,左下角仪表
                    baseLayerPicker: false, // 是否显示图层选择器
                    fullscreenButton: false, // 是否显示全屏按钮
                    geocoder: false, // 是否显示 geocoder 小器件,右上角查问按钮
                    homeButton: false, // 是否显示 Home 按钮
                    infoBox: false, // 是否显示信息框
                    sceneModePicker: false, // 是否显示 3D/2D 选择器
                    selectionIndicator: false, // 是否显示选取指示器组件
                    timeline: false, // 是否显示时间轴
                    sceneMode: Cesium.SceneMode.SCENE3D, // 设定 3 维地图的默认场景模式:Cesium.SceneMode.SCENE2D、Cesium.SceneMode.SCENE3D、Cesium.SceneMode.MORPHING
                    navigationHelpButton: false, // 是否显示右上角的帮忙按钮
                    scene3DOnly: true, // 如果设置为 true,则所有几何图形以 3D 模式绘制以节约 GPU 资源
                    navigationInstructionsInitiallyVisible: false,
                    showRenderLoopErrors: false, // 是否显示渲染谬误
                    shouldAnimate: true,// 容许动画 // 这个得必须有!})
  • 创立的点位:
- layer && layer.entities.add({
                            id: item.id,
                            name: item.name,
                            type: "marker",
                            featureType: type,
                            feature: item.feature,
                            lon: item.lon,
                            lat: item.lat,
                            mapTools: tools,// 地图左边按钮
                            position: Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(parseFloat(lon), parseFloat(lat), height),
                            billboard: {image: new Cesium.CallbackProperty(() => {return _self.superGif.get_canvas().toDataURL("image/png");
                                }, false),
                                scale: 1,
                                horizontalOrigin: Cesium.HorizontalOrigin.CENTER,
                                verticalOrigin: Cesium.VerticalOrigin.BOTTOM,
                                width: 60,
                                height: imageheight
                            },
                            label: {text: type == "wrj" ? `${item.name}` : "",
                                font: '14pt 微软雅黑',
                                style: Cesium.LabelStyle.FILL_AND_OUTLINE,
                                // backgroundColor: Cesium.Color.YELLOW,
                                // showBackground: true,
                                outlineColor: new Cesium.Color.fromCssColorString("tranparent"),
                                fillColor: new Cesium.Color.fromCssColorString("#fff"),
                                outlineWidth: 5,
                                verticalOrigin: Cesium.VerticalOrigin.CENTER,
                                pixelOffset: new Cesium.Cartesian2(-110, -25)
                            },

                        })
  • 创立数据图层
-  markersLayer = new Cesium.CustomDataSource('marker-layer')
- viewer.dataSources.add(markersLayer)
  • 创立地图底图图层
 viewer.imageryLayers.addImageryProvider(new Cesium.SingleTileImageryProvider({url: '/static/map/worldimage.jpg'}));
  • 加载 gif 动静图片,须要引入 SuperGif 插件进行 gif 转换,再通过 Cesium.CallbackProperty 一帧帧获取,须要留神得加上 dom 元素
-  <img src="/biz/alarm.gif" width="20px" height="20px" ref="gifRef" rel:auto_play="1" rel:rubbable="1"
            style="position: absolute;z-index: -1;" />
  _self.superGif = new SuperGif({gif: this.$refs.gifRef});
                    _self.superGif.load(function () {
                        layer && layer.entities.add({
                            id: item.id,
                            name: item.name,
                            type: "marker",
                            featureType: type,
                            feature: item.feature,
                            lon: item.lon,
                            lat: item.lat,
                            mapTools: tools,// 地图左边按钮
                            position: Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(parseFloat(lon), parseFloat(lat), height),
                            billboard: {image: new Cesium.CallbackProperty(() => {return _self.superGif.get_canvas().toDataURL("image/png");
                                }, false),
                                scale: 1,
                                horizontalOrigin: Cesium.HorizontalOrigin.CENTER,
                                verticalOrigin: Cesium.VerticalOrigin.BOTTOM,
                                width: 60,
                                height: imageheight
                            },
                            label: {text: type == "wrj" ? `${item.name}` : "",
                                font: '14pt 微软雅黑',
                                style: Cesium.LabelStyle.FILL_AND_OUTLINE,
                                // backgroundColor: Cesium.Color.YELLOW,
                                // showBackground: true,
                                outlineColor: new Cesium.Color.fromCssColorString("tranparent"),
                                fillColor: new Cesium.Color.fromCssColorString("#fff"),
                                outlineWidth: 5,
                                verticalOrigin: Cesium.VerticalOrigin.CENTER,
                                pixelOffset: new Cesium.Cartesian2(-110, -25)
                            },
                            _lng: lon,
                            _lat: lat,
                            _obj: item
                        })
                    });
                } 
  • 相机视角(有 entity 则用 viewer,坐标用 camera)
let heading = viewer.camera.heading, pitch = viewer.camera.pitch, roll = viewer.camera.roll;
                         viewer.flyTo(_self.pickValue, {
                                offset: {
                                    heading: 2.990358455542995, // 方向
                                    pitch: -0.5403975721607086,// 歪斜角度
                                    range: 11100
                                }
                                // 定位
                let lon = list[0].lon || list[0].longitude, lat = list[0].lat || list[0].latitude;
 
                viewer.camera.flyTo(this.mapCenter, 5000);

2、加载图层、绘制点、线、面,调节情景参数

加载图层
天地图超图形式对接

let IMG_C = viewer.imageryLayers.addImageryProvider(new Cesium.TiandituImageryProvider({
                    mapStyle: Cesium.TiandituMapsStyle.IMG_C,
                    token: 'e8865a2cd69468263ca650b1c73ee698'
                }))
                IMG_C.show = true;
                //  let IMG_C = viewer.imageryLayers.addImageryProvider(new Cesium.TiandituImageryProvider({
                //     mapStyle: Cesium.TiandituMapsStyle.TER_C,
                //     token: 'e8865a2cd69468263ca650b1c73ee698'
                // }))
                // IMG_C.show = true;

                viewer.imageryLayers.addImageryProvider(new Cesium.TiandituImageryProvider({mapStyle: Cesium.TiandituMapsStyle.CIA_C,// 天地图全球中文注记服务(经纬度)
                    token: 'xxx' // 由天地图官网申请的密钥
                }))
  • 原生对接
// 叠加影像服务
                var imgMap = new Cesium.UrlTemplateImageryProvider({url: tdtUrl + 'DataServer?T=img_w&x={x}&y={y}&l={z}&tk=' + token,
                    subdomains: subdomains,
                    tilingScheme: new Cesium.WebMercatorTilingScheme(),
                    maximumLevel: 22
                });
                viewer.imageryLayers.addImageryProvider(imgMap);
  • 绘制面
ttMaplayer.entities.add({position: Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(lon, lat, height),
                    ellipse: {
                        heightReference: Cesium.HeightReference.CLAMP_TO_GROUND,
                        disableDepthTestDistance: 99000000,
                        outlineColor: Cesium.Color.YELLOW.withAlpha(0.5),
                        outline: true,
                        outlineWidth: 2,
                        semiMinorAxis: 5000.0,
                        semiMajorAxis: 5000.0,
                        fill: false,
                    }
                });
  • 绘制矩形
let east = points[0].split(','),west = points[1].split(',');
          layer.entities.add({
            type:"marker",
            name: item.name,
            _obj:item,
            position: Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(parseFloat((+east[0]+(+west[0]))/2), parseFloat((+west[1]+(+east[1]))/2)),
            rectangle: {coordinates: Cesium.Rectangle.fromDegrees(+east[0], +east[1],+west[0], +west[1]),
                    outlineColor:Cesium.Color.RED,
                    outlineWidth:24,
                    fill:true,
                    material: Cesium.Color.BLUE.withAlpha(0.6),
                    outline:true
                }
            })
  • 绘制线段(能够设置线段宽度和材质)
 _t.appendLayer.entities.add({
      polyline: {positions: new Cesium.CallbackProperty(function() {return _t.routeList}, false),
        width: 5,
        material: Cesium.Color.RED,
        depthFailMaterial: Cesium.Color.RED,
        clampToGround: true
      }
    })
  • 参数调节
let Options = function () {
            this.contrast = 128;
            this.brightness = -0.3;
            this.delta = 1;
            this.gamma = 3.5;
            this.enabled = false;
            this.highDynamicRange = true;
            this.shadows = false;
        }
        let option = new Options();
        let gui = new dat.GUI();
        gui.__closeButton.innerHTML = "膨胀面板";

        let bloom = viewer.scene.postProcessStages.bloom;

        gui.add(option, 'highDynamicRange').name("高动静范畴").onChange(function (value) {viewer.scene.highDynamicRange = value;})
        gui.add(option, 'gamma', 0, 5).name("伽马亮度").onChange(function (value) {viewer.scene.gamma = value;})

        gui.add(option, 'enabled').name("启用含糊").onChange(function (value) {bloom.enabled = value;})
        gui.add(option, 'contrast', -128, 128).name("对比度").onChange(function (value) {bloom.uniforms.contrast = value;})
        gui.add(option, 'brightness', -2, 2).name("光泽亮度").onChange(function (value) {bloom.uniforms.brightness = value;})
        gui.add(option, 'delta', -5, 5).name("因子(delta)").onChange(function (value) {bloom.uniforms.delta = value;})

        gui.add(option, 'shadows').name("启用暗影").onChange(function (value) {viewer.shadows = value;})
        $('.dg.ac').css('top', '10%');

事件

  • 鼠标左键点击事件

    let handler = new Cesium.ScreenSpaceEventHandler(viewer.scene.canvas), _self = this;
                  let ellipsoid = viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid;
                  // 点击地图视频标记窗口弹窗
                  handler.setInputAction(async e => {
                      let lng, lat, height
                      var cartesian = viewer.scene.pickPosition(e.position);
                      // 地图点位查问
                      let pick = viewer.scene.pick(e.position);
                      if (Cesium.defined(pick) && pick.id && pick.id.type === "marker") {}, Cesium.ScreenSpaceEventType.LEFT_CLICK)
  • 鼠标移入事件
-  // 鼠标移入事件
                handler.setInputAction(async movement => {
                    let lng, lat, height;
                    if (viewer.scene.mode !== Cesium.SceneMode.MORPHING) {let pick = viewer.scene.pick(movement.endPosition);
                        if (Cesium.defined(pick) && pick.id)}
                }, Cesium.ScreenSpaceEventType.MOUSE_MOVE)

鼠标移除事件

 rectHandler && rectHandler.removeInputAction(Cesium.ScreenSpaceEventType.MOUSE_MOVE);
                rectHandler && rectHandler.removeInputAction(Cesium.ScreenSpaceEventType.LEFT_DOWN);
                rectHandler && rectHandler.removeInputAction(Cesium.ScreenSpaceEventType.LEFT_UP);

弹框(生成弹框和弹框挪动)

生成:
dom 节点

<poiDetail ref="poiRef"></poiDetail>
positionPopUp(c) {
                this.tempPostion = c;
                var x = c.x - 290;
                var y = c.y - 250
                this.boxStyle = `left:${x}px;top:${y}px`
            },
            destroy() {this.options = {};
                this.hide();},
            hide() {
                this.getActionFlg = false;
                this.visible = false;
                this.showPlayer = false;
                this.tempPostion = null;
            }
  • js 形式管制 dom 节点
 _self.$refs.poiRef.open({
                                position: changedC,
                                item: _self.pickValue,
                                removeHandler: () => {_self.removeHandler()
                                }
                            })
  • 挪动:postRender 监听地位挪动扭转坐标
    viewer.scene.postRender.addEventListener(function () {
    })

    相干链接:

    bigMap kml 和 geojson 转换
    在线图层解决
    罕用的地图 json 下载和 svg 下载
    Ceisum 文档比官网快
    github 代码:https://github.com/holidaying/Cesium/tree/master

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