关于android:Android定位

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Android 中应用 GPS 和 NetWork 获取定位信息

在 Android 中定位是属于危险权限，须要在增加 Mainfest.xml 中增加。

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />

如果在 Android6.0 级以上零碎，须要 动静的申请权限，也能够应用封装好 权限治理库。

定位的几种形式

在 Android 零碎当中，给咱们提供了四种定位形式，别离是：

network

它是依附信号塔或 WiFi 来定位的。对应的 provider 字段是 LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER，是一种低精度，低耗电的初略定位形式。

gps

它是依附 GPS 来定位的。对应的 provider 字段是 LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER，是高精度，高耗电的精准定位形式。

passive

被动的获取定位信息，通过承受其余 APP 或 service 的定位信息。不过须要这个权限 ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION。

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
fused

Google 曾经将这个定位形式 hide 了。

获取定位的 api 封装 

public class LocationUtils {

    private static final long REFRESH_TIME = 5000L;
    private static final float METER_POSITION = 0.0f;
    private static ILocationListener mLocationListener;
    private static LocationListener listener = new MyLocationListener();

    private static class MyLocationListener implements LocationListener {
        @Override
        public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {// 定位扭转监听
            if (mLocationListener != null) {mLocationListener.onSuccessLocation(location);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {// 定位状态监听}

        @Override
        public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {// 定位状态可用监听}

        @Override
        public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {// 定位状态不可用监听}
    }

    /**
     * GPS 获取定位形式
     */
    public static Location getGPSLocation(@NonNull Context context) {
        Location location = null;
        LocationManager manager = getLocationManager(context);
        // 高版本的权限查看
        if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {return null;}
        if (manager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)) {// 是否反对 GPS 定位
            // 获取最初的 GPS 定位信息，如果是第一次关上，个别会拿不到定位信息，个别能够申请监听，在无效的工夫范畴能够获取定位信息
            location = manager.getLastKnownLocation(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);
        }
        return location;
    }

    /**
     * network 获取定位形式
     */
    public static Location getNetWorkLocation(Context context) {
        Location location = null;
        LocationManager manager = getLocationManager(context);
        // 高版本的权限查看
        if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {return null;}
        if (manager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER)) {// 是否反对 Network 定位
            // 获取最初的 network 定位信息
            location = manager.getLastKnownLocation(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);
        }
        return location;
    }

    /**
     * 获取最好的定位形式
     */
    public static Location getBestLocation(Context context, Criteria criteria) {
        Location location;
        LocationManager manager = getLocationManager(context);
        if (criteria == null) {criteria = new Criteria();
        }
        String provider = manager.getBestProvider(criteria, true);
        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(provider)) {
            // 如果找不到最适宜的定位，应用 network 定位
            location = getNetWorkLocation(context);
        } else {
            // 高版本的权限查看
            if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                    && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {return null;}
            // 获取最适宜的定位形式的最初的定位权限
            location = manager.getLastKnownLocation(provider);
        }
        return location;
    }

    /**
     * 定位监听
     */
    public static void addLocationListener(Context context, String provider, ILocationListener locationListener) {addLocationListener(context, provider, REFRESH_TIME, METER_POSITION, locationListener);
    }

    /**
     * 定位监听
     */
    public static void addLocationListener(Context context, String provider, long time, float meter, ILocationListener locationListener) {if (locationListener != null) {mLocationListener = locationListener;}
        if (listener == null) {listener = new MyLocationListener();
        }
        LocationManager manager = getLocationManager(context);
        if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {return;}
        manager.requestLocationUpdates(provider, time, meter, listener);
    }

    /**
     * 勾销定位监听
     */
    public static void unRegisterListener(Context context) {if (listener != null) {LocationManager manager = getLocationManager(context);
            if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                    && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {return;}
            // 移除定位监听
            manager.removeUpdates(listener);
        }
    }

    private static LocationManager getLocationManager(@NonNull Context context) {return (LocationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
    }

    /**
     * 自定义接口
     */
    public interface ILocationListener {void onSuccessLocation(Location location);
    }
}

获取定位应用实例 

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    private boolean flag;
    private Button gsp_btn;
    private Button network_btn;
    private Button best_btn;
    private static Context context;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        context = getApplicationContext();

        initView();
        initListener();}

    private void initListener() {gsp_btn.setOnClickListener(this);
        network_btn.setOnClickListener(this);
        best_btn.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {super.onResume();
        initPermission();// 针对 6.0 以上版本做权限适配}

    private void initView() {gsp_btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.gps);
        network_btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.net);
        best_btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.best);
    }

    private void initPermission() {if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            // 查看权限
            if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                    || ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // 申请权限
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION}, 1);
            } else {flag = true;}
        } else {flag = true;}
    }

    /**
     * 权限的后果回调函数
     */
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (requestCode == 1) {flag = grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED && grantResults[1] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.gps:
                if (flag) {getGPSLocation();
                } else {Toast.makeText(this, "no permission", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}
                break;
            case R.id.net:
                if (flag) {getNetworkLocation();
                } else {Toast.makeText(this, "no permission", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}
                break;
            case R.id.best:
                if (flag) {getBestLocation();
                } else {Toast.makeText(this, "no permission", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}
                break;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 通过 GPS 获取定位信息
     */
    public void getGPSLocation() {Location gps = LocationUtils.getGPSLocation(this);
        if (gps == null) {
            // 设置定位监听，因为 GPS 定位，第一次进来可能获取不到，通过设置监听，能够在无效的工夫范畴内获取定位信息
            LocationUtils.addLocationListener(context, LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, new LocationUtils.ILocationListener() {
                @Override
                public void onSuccessLocation(Location location) {if (location != null) {Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "gps onSuccessLocation location:  lat==" + location.getLatitude() + "lng==" + location.getLongitude(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();} else {Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "gps location is null", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}
                }
            });
        } else {Toast.makeText(this, "gps location: lat==" + gps.getLatitude() + "lng==" + gps.getLongitude(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}
    }

    /**
     * 通过网络等获取定位信息
     */
    private void getNetworkLocation() {Location net = LocationUtils.getNetWorkLocation(this);
        if (net == null) {Toast.makeText(this, "net location is null", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();} else {Toast.makeText(this, "network location: lat==" + net.getLatitude() + "lng==" + net.getLongitude(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}
    }

    /**
     * 采纳最好的形式获取定位信息
     */
    private void getBestLocation() {Criteria c = new Criteria();//Criteria 类是设置定位的规范信息（零碎会依据你的要求，匹配最适宜你的定位供应商），一个定位的辅助信息的类
        c.setPowerRequirement(Criteria.POWER_LOW);// 设置低耗电
        c.setAltitudeRequired(true);// 设置须要海拔
        c.setBearingAccuracy(Criteria.ACCURACY_COARSE);// 设置 COARSE 精度规范
        c.setAccuracy(Criteria.ACCURACY_LOW);// 设置低精度
        //... Criteria 还有其余属性，就不一一介绍了
        Location best = LocationUtils.getBestLocation(this, c);
        if (best == null) {Toast.makeText(this, "best location is null", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();} else {Toast.makeText(this, "best location: lat==" + best.getLatitude() + "lng==" + best.getLongitude(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}
    }

}

对于 GPS 定位的信息还有比拟多的内容，在 API24 中 GpsStauts 类过期，应用 GnssStatus 类替换，同时在 LocationManager 中的一些 GPS 状态的监听，也被新的 API 退换。

正文完
android
发表至： android
2021-04-07
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