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问：区块链的真命题有哪些？
译：What are the true propositions for blockchain?
区块链的真命题啊，其实这个应该要从假命题开始说了，
译：The true propositions for blockchain, it is should start from false propositions.
其实区块链的假命题蛮多的，
译：Actually, there is so many false propositions for blockchain.
就是目前我们所看到的不管说设立标准，还是我们所谓的各种链做的很多的尝试，其实基本上都算是假命题，
译：What we’ve seen so far is that no matter setting standards or trying of various chains, they’re basically false propositions.
那真命题的话，其实得要从区块链的特性开始讲，
译：As far the true propositions, it needs start from the true propositions of blockchain.
其实现在我们所能想到的点就是，我刚刚也强调过一点也就是区块链的真命题，它必须数据是可被强证明的，
译：In fact, what we thinking about is the true proposition of blockchain, the data of it should be strongly proved.
那么另外一点如果说数据是非强证明的话那么它还有哪些场景？
译：So the other point is if the data is not strongly proved what are the other scenarios for it?
那么我可以再举一个例子，数字的证券化，或者说是资产的证券化，其实这个算是一个比较好的方向，这个算是一个真命题，目前可以见到的。
译：Here is one other example, digital securitization, or securitization of assets, which is a better direction and is a true proposition for now.
另外第三个呢是作为支付，
译：The third one is the way of pay.
其实作为支付的是目前，包括之前政府也发表过一些声明，包括在深圳可以做一些支付的试点，其实这个也算是目前的一个真命题，
译：As for a payment way, the government has issued some statements before, including the project of payment in ShenZhen. In fact, this is also a true proposition at present.
因为这个在很早以前，在区块链出现的时候，出现比特币的时候，其实这个就已经证明了，
译：It has been proved before the blockchian and bitcoin comes up before long time ago.
其实这算是一个真命题，就是长久以来我们拿它做为支付，也算是一个真命题，
译：It’s the way that we’ve been paying for a long time, which is a true proposition and a sort of true proposition.
另外一个就是第四个，政府强支援工程，这是一个什么样的方向呢，
译：The fourth one is the project supporting by government. What is the direction like?
举个例子啊，就是目前政府的一些外汇的一些外汇的拒接银行与政府的一些外汇的管制的这种情况，
译：For example, that is the situation that some of the foreign exchange denial Banks with some of the government’s foreign exchange control.
包括现在央行出来的一条链，他们其实在对银行已经实施了这些链的账本的共享, 就是这个已经实现落地了，就是今年 7 月份已经正式的发布了，
译：Including the current chain by the central bank, which has implemented the sharing of the account books of these chains of Banks, which has been implemented and officially released in July this year.
已经在很多家银行之间进行了一个外汇，更加具有便利性的一种应用，给他们进行一个外汇的汇兑，
译：It has conducted a foreign exchange among many Banks, which is more convenient for them to conduct a foreign exchange.
是做这样一些应用场景，所以像政府的一些强应用场景的话也是属于区块链的一个真命题。大概是这四个方向。
译：It devote to create some scenarios, so some strong application scenarios like the government is also a true proposition of blockchain. It is the direction probably.
问：区块链的性能真的那么重要吗？如何充分利用区块链的性能？
译：Is blockchain performance really that important? How to take full advantage of blockchain performance?
区块链的性能说到这一点的话，我个人认为区块链的性能是比较重要的一点，
译：Speaking of the blockchain performance that I think it is relatively important.
因为现在大家认为的不重要，是因为没有找到足够的应用场景，
译：People don’t think it’s important right now, because there aren’t enough scenarios.
没有足够的应用能够把这个 TPS 或者这个性能应用起来，
译：Have no enough application can fully use the TPS.
不就等同于说这个茅坑还没有被占，但真正的有这个需求，有所谓的上厕所的需求以后，这些坑才会被占掉，
译：It not means the chance still here. The people who find the chance and benefit from the chance that will be finish.
这个时候才能体现出来这个坑到底有没有用。就是这么个比喻。
译：We can find the value until people use the chance.
问：IPFS 能解决什么问题？它有哪些缺点？
译：What problems can IPFS solve? What are its disadvantages?
说到 IPFS 这个问题的话，IPFS 其实它本质上是一种技术的革新，
译：Speaking of IPFS which is an innovation of technology.
它目前看起来算是一个很好的方向，
译：It is a perfect direction so far.
但是我们从正常的一个商业的角度或者从一个正常的使用逻辑上面来讲的话，其实 IPFS 它有一个天生的缺陷，
译：But from a normal business point of view or from a normal usage logic, IPFS has an inherent flaw.
它虽然说解决了我们存储的一个中间化或者说是一个存储的过于昂贵，包括云服务的这种存储过于昂贵的问题，但是它同样会制造另一个问题，让这些大量的廉价的存储会被浪费掉，
译：Although it solves the problem of an intermediation of our storage or expensive storage, including for expensive cloud services, it will make other issue that is wasting cheap storage.
所以它现在就存在一个很大的问题，就是在商业场景上面的设计的缺陷，
译：So it has a big issue that is design flaws in business scenarios.
它并没有说是让那个存储的矿机也好，还有我们的存储能力也好，能够得到很好的一个利用。这是一个非常大的一个设计的弊端。
译：It doesn’t mean that the storage machine, and our storage capacity, can be put to good use. This is a big design flaws.
问：POC 共识的存在有那些意义，是否是对 IPFS 的补充？
译：What does the POC consensus mean? Is it a supplement to IPFS?
POC 共识的话，其实之前我也跟我业内的很多朋友探讨过，
译：I discussed about POC consensus with many friends in the industry before.
那 POC 共识到底有没有意义，很多人认为它是作为像 POW 一样，
译：If the POC consensus makes sense or not, many people think of it as POW.
我虽然是做的无用功，我虽然说同样是把磁盘或者说把我们的存储能力填满，
译：But I’m being ineffective. I’m filling the disks and the storage capacity.
其实它真正创造的价值没有，它是没有创造价值的，那么我把它比喻成，POW 的一个升级。
译：In fact, it does not really create value. So I compare it be a upgrade of POW.
那么我个人认为呢，其实 POW（POC）是一种没有意义的算法，
译：I think POW is an algorithm that doesn’t make sense.
可能会变相的让我们所谓的存储能力进一步的浪费，
译：It could be a further waste of what we called storage capacity.
甚至以一种非公平的方式来进行一种恶意的竞争，来哄抬存储能力的价格，
译：Even using an unfair way to engage in a vicious competition to bid up the price of storage capacity.
或者是让这个生态变成一种恶性的发展，有可能会往这个方向来发展，
译：Or turn the ecology into a vicious development that could go in this direction.
所以 POC 它并不算一个特别健康的生态，
译：Therefore, POC is not a healthy ecology.
所以说作为 IPFS 补充这一点的话，其实应该算是 IPFS 的补充，IPFS 它本身就有一个问题就是我们刚刚谈论的浪费掉大量的存储，
译：So as a complement of IPFS, and IPFS itself has a problem with that which we just mentioned wasting a lot of storage.
POC 想到的这一点就是想填充它的空白，但是实际上这个填充的空白是否有意义，
译：The point of POC is to fill in its blanks, but whether make sense to fill in the blanks or not.
我个人认为是存在争议的，因为我举个简单的例子，
译：I think it’s controversial, let me give you a simple example.
如果说我现在把 POC 的算力目前市场上标的一个 T 的存储能力它就是一美金，
译：The hashrate of the POC which the storage capacity of a T one the market is one dollar.
那么如果说是在一个真正的有存储应用的场景的时候，它的价值标的是 0.85 或者 0.9 美金，
译：If there is a real scenario, the value of underlying is 0.85 or 0.9 dollar.
那么这个用户就会进行选择，那到底是我在 POC 来进行，给它共享存储能力呢，还是给我这个实际上有意义的，比如说是有存储价值的这样一个平台来提供一个存储服务，
译：Then, the user will make a choice. What I use it in the POC that give it the shared storage capability, or give me a platform that actually makes sense, like a platform that has storage value, to provide a storage service.
其实这是一个很大的问题，就是如果说这边有人恶意炒作价格的话，就会导致真正有意义的存储是进不来的，
译：In fact, this is a big issue. If someone here maliciously hyped the price, it would lead to a really meaningful storage is not to enter.
所以说我说的存在一个恶意的竞争，
译：That’s why I said is a vicious competition.
所以 POC 反过来它其实并不是一个比较健康的生态，是这么个意思。
译：So the POC is not a healthy ecology on the contrary, that’s my point.
问：用户的问题是以太坊智能合约中有三种数据存储，如果把状态变量存储在内存中，那么以太坊的每一个节点应该都有一份相同的数据，那黑客利用技术手段能否拿到内存中的哪些数据呢？
译：The question of user is that there are three kinds of data storage in ethereum smart contract. If the state variable is stored in memory, then every node in ethereum should have the same data. And what kind of data does a hacker technically could access to?
其实从这个角度来讲的话，我们现在要知道以太坊它的那个智能合约运行的机制，
译：In fact, from this point of view, we need to know how ethereum’s smart contract works.
它其实内部是一个虚拟机，是一个黑盒，
译：It’s a virtual machine inside, it’s a black box.
首先你如果想要拿到它所谓的那个智能合约的内存的数据的话，首先你得要攻破它的虚拟机，
译：If you want to get the memory data from the smart contract. At first you have to break into its virtual machine.
你先要知道它沙盒的运行机制，那么这是一个很大的问题，
译：You need to know how the sandbox works, that’s a big problem.
就算你拿到这个数据，那又如何，你能改掉一个节点，它如果说比如现在以太坊的一个节点，
译：Even if you get this data, so what, you can change a node. It’s like a node in ethereum.
我举个简单的例子啊，它是 5000 个节点，那么你得到一个节点的数据你把它改掉，或者说你获取到的数据，其实是没有任何意义的，
译：For example, it’s 5,000 nodes, if you get data from one node and change it, or the data that you get doesn’t really make any sense.
因为这个本身链上的数据的话，你就可以在这个节点的查询包括 Transaction
译：Because of the data on the chain itself, you can query Transaction on this node.
你是可以查询到它的数据包的，那你为什么还要去所谓的内存里面获取这个数据呢，
译：You can query its data package, so why do you go to the memory to get this data?
这个是没有任何必要性的，所以它本来这个状态就是公开的，
译：It is no necessary. So the status is already public.
你为什么还要去获取它的内存，这是没有什么作用的，就算你把它改掉，就算你攻击了它的虚拟机那也是没有任何意义的。
译：It doesn’t make any sense that you get its memory, even if you change it or attack its virtual machine.
问：如何利用哈希值做棋牌发牌的随机种子？
译：How to use the hash value to make the random seed of the card deal?
其实这个算是目前比较难的一个问题吧，
译：This is a hard issue for now.
之前有一个朋友还做过所谓的真随机数的一个算法的一个实验，
译：A friend of mine did an experiment with an algorithm called true random Numbers.
他想利用在它自己的链上面，如果说你想通过以太坊的智能合约来做这个事情的话，基本上不太可行，
译：He wants to leverage on its own chain, and if you want to do that through ethereum’s smart contract, which is basically impossible.
但是的话你可以模拟，但模拟是一个什么方式呢，
译：You can simulate, but what is simulation？
就举个简单的例子，比如说你整个的棋牌游戏，比如说这个扑克牌，
译：For example，the board games like poker,
其实那个扑克那么你有多少的序列的组合，那么你有这个组合的序列的话，
译：In fact, how many combinations of sequences do you have for poker?
你有一个所谓的区间值，你可以在这个区间的集合里面随机取一个段，那么随机取一个段或者一个排列组合的话，你可以通过比如说某个哈希值的取余或者取模，
译：You have an interval value that you can chose a random segment from the set of intervals. You can do that by hash value.
通过这种方式来得到一个随机的组合的一个区间的某一个位置，
译：In this way to get a random combination of a certain position in an interval.
那你得到这个位置以后你会对应的映射到，比如说某一个牌的排列组合上面，那么这也是一种方案，
译：When you get this position, you could map it to a particular combination of CARDS, that’s a scheme.
同样的你也可以通过它的哈希这一串哈希的话，通过比如说两个或者三个的取集中的字符串，
译：You can go through the hash value, and taking two or three strings from the set.
比如说 123,234,456,789，这种方式来取，那么你把你需要的这些段取出来，
译：you can via the way, such as 123,234,456,789，then you can get the segment.
你可以把它公示出来，那么你到底取模或者你取的这个数值到底是从哪个区间在哪个地方开始取的
译：You can public it, where you take the modulus and the date?
因为未来的话在下一个 block ID 或者说是哈希，谁都不知道这个 ID 是多少，因为它是随机的，
译：Nobody knows what the ID is in the future, because it’s random.
所以说你可以在任何一个时候，公布这个算法来获取这个哈希值，
译：So you can get the hash value by public this algorithm at any time.
你可以在其中的某一段来进行截取，你只要公开这个算法，这个方案就是可以被证明的，这个是完全没有问题的。
译：You can intercept it in any segments, if you expose the algorithm. The solution is provable, and there’s no problem.
问：5G 技术和量子计算机技术会对区块链技术有多大的影响？
译：How much influence will 5G and quantum computing have on blockchain?
我个人认为呢 5G 技术会对区块链是一个加速，
译：I think the 5G will accelerate the blockchain.
因为目前毕竟 5G 还没有正式的被大规模的应用，
译：After all, 5G has not yet been formally applied on a large scale.
那谁也不知道这个 5G 应用到底能够给我们的区块链带来什么，
译：And nobody knows what the in influence 5G will bring to the blockchain.
虽然说理论上大家可能知道低延时啊，高速率，
译：Theoretically speaking, it is probably know low latency, high speed by everyone.
那么，其实在整个区块链这个行业里面看来，低延迟和高速率对区块链其实并没有太多实质性的影响，
译：In fact, low latency and high speed do not have much substantial impact on blockchain industry.
除非你有一个低延迟或者说是低延迟的这种场景需要这种高速率采集的场景，
译：Unless you have a low latency or low latency scenario that requires this kind of high rate acquisition.
那么一定会是比如说跟互联网或者说是跟某一些那个大数据的场景相结合，
译：It would be a combination like the Internet or some big data scenario.
那么可能会是对区块链会有积极地推动，因为它不会形成一个倒退，因为这是一个技术的发展，
译：It’s probably going to be a positive push for blockchain, it will not be a setback, because it’s a technological development.
那还有一个是量子计算机，说到量子计算机的问题，
译：There’s the quantum computer, and when it comes to quantum computers.
其实我个人认为量子计算机的出现会对 PDC 或者 SSR 这种加密的算法会造成影响的话，
译：In fact, I personally think that if the emergence of quantum computers will have an impact on encryption algorithms such as PDC or SSR.
第一个担心的其实不应该是区块链行业，应该是银行，
译：The first concern should not be the blockchain industry, but the Banks.
所以说不管量子计算机是否出现，然后量子计算机是否对区块链造成影响，
译：So whether quantum computers exist or not, and then whether quantum computers affect blockchain or not.
那么，同样的如果说它真的对区块链造成的影响或者对我们所谓的加密学的一些领域造成的危险，
译：If it is really going to have an impact on blockchain or a danger to some area of cryptography.
那么我们一定会出来一种新的加密算法，新的所谓的抗量子的冲击的一些算法出现，
译：Then we will come up with a new encryption algorithm, some of which are quantum-proof.
那么一定会有与之抗衡的方法出现，那么我们也不用过于担心，
译：There must be a way to counter it, and we don’t have to worry about it.
在出现之前，一定会被某些组织按在地里面，直到我们把安全问题解决为止，肯定是这样。
译：It’s going to be suppressed by some organization until we figure out the security problem, that’s sure.
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