学了 three 元宇宙开发后发现人物只能在立体上行走，于是我人物上楼梯 跳跃就特地的好奇……对于常识的好奇不下于我爱喝啤酒，于是我全世界的去找材料和在技术群里问同学，终于让我晓得three 有一个货色叫 八叉树 接下来记录一下我用 八叉树 的一些小心得……
必须的引入的库import { Octree } from 'three/examples/jsm/math/Octree.js';import { Capsule } from 'three/examples/jsm/math/Capsule.js';这两个库必须引入，在 八叉树空间 的所有撞检和重力都靠这两个库实现
申明 Capsule 和 Octreeconst worldOctree = new Octree();const playerCollider = new Capsule( new Vector3(0,0.35,0), new Vector3(0,1,0), 0.35 );场景模型引入增加入八叉树空间new GLTFLoader().setPath("./model/test/").load("collision-world.glb", (gltf) => { ... worldOctree.fromGraphNode( gltf.scene ); // 把场景模型退出到八叉树空间 ...});整体的来说就是 整个八叉树空间 就是 Capsule 和 Octree 运算
全副代码<!-- --><template> <div id="three" ref="three"> <div ref="le" @mousedown="ddmousedown"></div> </div></template><script setup lang="ts">import { ref, reactive, onMounted, onUnmounted } from "vue";import * as dat from "dat.gui";import { ACESFilmicToneMapping, AmbientLight, AnimationAction, AnimationMixer, AnimationUtils, AxesHelper, BackSide, CameraHelper, Clock, Color, DirectionalLight, DirectionalLightHelper, Fog, Group, HemisphereLight, IcosahedronGeometry, Mesh, MeshBasicMaterial, MeshLambertMaterial, PerspectiveCamera, PlaneGeometry, PointLight, Raycaster, Scene, Sphere, SpotLight, sRGBEncoding, TextureLoader, Vector3, VideoTexture, VSMShadowMap, WebGLRenderer,} from "three";import { GLTFLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader";import Stats from 'three/examples/jsm/libs/stats.module.js';import { Octree } from 'three/examples/jsm/math/Octree.js';import { OctreeHelper } from 'three/examples/jsm/helpers/OctreeHelper.js';import { Capsule } from 'three/examples/jsm/math/Capsule.js';/** * 配置 */// MARK: 配置=======const le = ref();const three = ref();const donuts = ref();const scene = new Scene(); // 场景对象Sceneconst axes = new AxesHelper(50); // 轴长度const th = reactive({ ctrl: new dat.GUI({ width: 200 }), renderer: new WebGLRenderer({ antialias: true, }), // 渲染器对象 ambienLight: new AmbientLight(0xffffff, 0.1), // 自然光 planeGeometry: new PlaneGeometry(100, 100), // 高空 spotLight: new SpotLight(0xffffff), // 聚光灯 pointlight: new PointLight(0xffffff, 6, 60), // 点光源 directionalLight: new DirectionalLight(0xffffff, 0.2), // 平行光源 hemisphereLight: new HemisphereLight(0xffffff, 0x00ff00, 1), // 半球光光源});scene.background = new Color(0x88ccee);scene.fog = new Fog( 0x88ccee, 0, 50 );// scene.add(axes); // 增加轴const clock =ref<any>(new Clock());const stats = ref<any>(Stats());let helper:any = null;const GRAVITY = ref<number>(30);const NUM_SPHERES = ref<number>(100);const SPHERE_RADIUS = ref<number>(0.2);const STEPS_PER_FRAME = ref<number>(5);const worldOctree = new Octree();const playerCollider = new Capsule( new Vector3(0,0.35,0), new Vector3(0,1,0), 0.35 );const playerVelocity = new Vector3();const playerDirection = new Vector3();let playerOnFloor = false;let mouseTime = 0;const keyStates:any = {};/** * 影相机 */// MARK: 影相机=======let camera = new PerspectiveCamera(75,window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight,0.1,1000); //透视相机camera.rotation.order = 'YXZ';/** * 灯光 */// MARK: 灯光=======scene.add(th.ambienLight); // 自然光th.directionalLight.position.set( - 5, 25, - 1 );th.directionalLight.castShadow = true;th.directionalLight.shadow.camera.near = 0.01;th.directionalLight.shadow.camera.far = 500;th.directionalLight.shadow.camera.right = 30;th.directionalLight.shadow.camera.left = - 30;th.directionalLight.shadow.camera.top = 30;th.directionalLight.shadow.camera.bottom = - 30;th.directionalLight.shadow.mapSize.width = 1024;th.directionalLight.shadow.mapSize.height = 1024;th.directionalLight.shadow.radius = 4;th.directionalLight.shadow.bias = - 0.00006;scene.add( th.directionalLight );// const helper = new DirectionalLightHelper(th.directionalLight, 5);// scene.add(helper);const dirCameraHelper = new CameraHelper(th.directionalLight.shadow.camera);// scene.add(dirCameraHelper);const hemisphereLight = new HemisphereLight( 0x4488bb, 0x002244, 0.5 );hemisphereLight.position.set( 2, 1, 1 );scene.add( hemisphereLight );/** * 渲染 场景 */// MARK: 渲染 场景=======th.renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;th.renderer.setPixelRatio( window.devicePixelRatio );th.renderer.setSize( window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight );th.renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;th.renderer.shadowMap.type = VSMShadowMap;th.renderer.outputEncoding = sRGBEncoding;th.renderer.toneMapping = ACESFilmicToneMapping;/** * Stats 性能检测 */// MARK: 性能检测=======stats.value.domElement.style.position = 'absolute';stats.value.domElement.style.top = '0px';/** * 高空 */// MARK: 高空=======/** * OrbitControls 轨道控制器 */// MARK: OrbitControls 轨道控制器=======/** * 导入模型 */// MARK: 导入模型=======let playerMesh:any= null;let playerMixer= ref<AnimationMixer>();let actionWalk= ref<AnimationAction>();let actionIdle= ref<AnimationAction>();const lookTarget = new Vector3(0, 2, 0);new GLTFLoader().setPath("./model/test/").load("player2.glb", gltf => { // 角色 playerMesh = gltf.scene; gltf.scene.position.set(0,0,0); gltf.scene.rotateY(Math.PI); gltf.scene.traverse((child)=>{ child.receiveShadow = true; child.castShadow = true; }) camera.position.set(0, 2.5, -5); // camera.lookAt(playMesh.value.position); camera.lookAt(lookTarget); const pointLight: PointLight = new PointLight(0xffffff, 1); pointLight.position.set(0, 2, -1); playerMixer.value = new AnimationMixer(gltf.scene); const clipWalk = AnimationUtils.subclip(gltf.animations[0], 'walk', 0, 30); actionWalk.value = playerMixer.value.clipAction(clipWalk); const clipIdle = AnimationUtils.subclip(gltf.animations[0], 'idle', 31, 281); actionIdle.value = playerMixer.value.clipAction(clipIdle); actionIdle.value.play(); gltf.scene.add(pointLight); gltf.scene.add(camera); scene.add(gltf.scene);});new GLTFLoader().setPath("./model/test/").load("collision-world.glb", (gltf) => { // console.log(gltf); scene.add(gltf.scene); donuts.value = gltf.scene; worldOctree.fromGraphNode( gltf.scene ); gltf.scene.traverse( (child:any) => { if ( child.isMesh ) { child.castShadow = true; child.receiveShadow = true; if ( child.material.map ) { child.material.map.anisotropy = 4; } } } ); helper = new OctreeHelper( worldOctree ); helper.visible = false; scene.add( helper ); animate();});/** * 建盘管制人物 */// MARK: 建盘管制人物=======let isWalk = ref<boolean>(false);const playerHalfHeight = new Vector3(0,0.3, 0);window.addEventListener("keydown", event => { keyStates[event.code] = true; if (event.key == "w") { if (!isWalk.value) { if( actionIdle.value && actionWalk.value){ crossPlay(actionIdle.value,actionWalk.value); } isWalk.value = true; } }});window.addEventListener("keyup", event => { keyStates[ event.code ] = false; if (event.key == "w") { if( actionIdle.value && actionWalk.value){ crossPlay(actionWalk.value,actionIdle.value); } isWalk.value = false; }});let ddmousedown =()=>{ document.body.requestPointerLock(); mouseTime = performance.now();}document.addEventListener( 'mouseup', () => { // if ( document.pointerLockElement !== null ) throwBall();});let preClientX:number;window.addEventListener("mousemove", event => { if(document.pointerLockElement === document.body){ playerMesh.rotation.y -= -(event.movementX / 300); // playerMesh.rotation.x -= -(event.movementY / 2000); }});let playerCollisions = ()=> { const result = worldOctree.capsuleIntersect( playerCollider ); playerOnFloor = false; if ( result ) { playerOnFloor = result.normal.y > 0; if ( ! playerOnFloor ) { playerVelocity.addScaledVector( result.normal, - result.normal.dot( playerVelocity ) ); } playerCollider.translate( result.normal.multiplyScalar( result.depth ) ); }}let updatePlayer = ( deltaTime:number )=> { let damping = Math.exp(-4*deltaTime)-1; if ( ! playerOnFloor ) { playerVelocity.y-=GRAVITY.value*deltaTime; // small air resistance damping *= 0.1; } playerVelocity.addScaledVector( playerVelocity, damping ); const deltaPosition = playerVelocity.clone().multiplyScalar( deltaTime ); playerCollider.translate( deltaPosition ); playerCollisions(); if(playerMesh) playerMesh.position.copy( playerCollider.end );}let getForwardVector = ()=>{ playerMesh.getWorldDirection( playerDirection ); playerDirection.y = 0; playerDirection.normalize(); return playerDirection;}let getSideVector = ()=>{ playerMesh.getWorldDirection( playerDirection ); playerDirection.y = 0; playerDirection.normalize(); playerDirection.cross( playerMesh.up ); return playerDirection;}let controls=( deltaTime:number )=>{ // gives a bit of air control const speedDelta = deltaTime * ( playerOnFloor ? 25 : 8 ); if ( keyStates[ 'KeyW' ] ) { playerVelocity.add( getForwardVector().multiplyScalar(speedDelta*0.6)); } if ( keyStates[ 'KeyS' ] ) { // playerVelocity.add( getForwardVector().multiplyScalar(-speedDelta)); } if ( keyStates[ 'KeyA' ] ) { // playerVelocity.add( getSideVector().multiplyScalar(-speedDelta)); } if ( keyStates[ 'KeyD' ] ) { // playerVelocity.add( getSideVector().multiplyScalar(speedDelta)); } if ( playerOnFloor ) { if ( keyStates[ 'Space' ] ) { playerVelocity.y = 15; } }}let teleportPlayerIfOob=()=>{ if(!playerMesh) return; if ( playerMesh.position.y <= - 25 ) { playerCollider.start.set( 0, 0.35, 0 ); playerCollider.end.set( 0, 1, 0 ); playerCollider.radius = 0.35; playerMesh.position.copy( playerCollider.end ); playerMesh.rotation.set( 0, 0, 0 ); }}let crossPlay = (curAction:AnimationAction, newAction:AnimationAction)=>{ curAction.fadeOut(0.3); newAction.reset(); newAction.setEffectiveWeight(1); newAction.play(); newAction.fadeIn(0.3);}let render = () => { th.renderer.render(scene, camera);};//============================================场景搭建end==================================onMounted(() => { le.value.appendChild(th.renderer.domElement); le.value.appendChild(stats.value.domElement); window.addEventListener( "resize", () => { camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight; camera.updateProjectionMatrix(); th.renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight); render(); }, false );});//============================================构建场景 start==================================// MARK: 构建场景=======//============================================构建场景 end==================================//============================================gui start==================================/** * dat.gui 插件 */// MARK: dat.gui 插件=======let ctrlObj2 = {};let basicfolder = th.ctrl.addFolder("MeshBasicMaterial");basicfolder.add( { debug: false }, 'debug' ).onChange(value=>{ helper.visible = value;});basicfolder.open();//============================================gui end==================================let animate=()=> { const deltaTime = Math.min(0.05, clock.value.getDelta())/STEPS_PER_FRAME.value; //咱们在子步骤中寻找碰撞，以升高危险 //一个物体疾速穿过另一个物体而无奈检测。 for ( let i = 0; i < STEPS_PER_FRAME.value; i ++ ) { controls( deltaTime ); updatePlayer( deltaTime ); teleportPlayerIfOob(); } th.renderer.render( scene, camera ); stats.value.update(); if (playerMixer.value) { playerMixer.value.update(0.045); } requestAnimationFrame( animate );}onUnmounted(() => { th.ctrl.destroy(); // 销毁dat.GUI});</script><style scoped lang="less">@import "~@/common/less/index.less";</style>运行成果如下
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