ImageView-使用详解

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本篇文章主要介绍 Android 开发中的部分知识点,通过阅读本篇文章,您将收获以下内容:

一、ImageView 的继承关系
二、ImageView 常用方法
三、ImageView 背景 间距属性设置
四、使用 Bitmap 类型动态设置 ImageView 资源
五、ImageView 图片倒影实现
六、ImageView 图片缩放实现
七、ImageView 圆角图片实现
八、Bitmap 与 Drawable 转换工具类

一、ImageView 的继承关系

ImageView 的继承关系 如下:

java.lang.Object   
       ↳ android.view.View      
                 ↳ android.widget.ImageView

二、ImageView 常用方法

ImageView 主要用于显示图像资源,Bitmap Drawable 资源,同时也常用于图片渲染调色,图片缩放剪裁等。

以下 XML 代码段是使用 ImageView 显示图像资源的常见示例:

    1. xml 使用ImageView 控件
 <LinearLayout
     xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="match_parent"
     android:layout_height="match_parent">
     <ImageView
         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
         />
 </LinearLayout>
 

三、ImageView 背景 间距属性设置

    1. xml 使用 ImageView 控件
    <ImageView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:background="@color/grey"
        android:padding="5dp" 
        android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />
    1. 实现效果如下:

四、使用 Bitmap 类型动态设置 ImageView 资源

    1. xml 使用ImageView 控件
<ImageView
        android:id="@+id/img_1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:padding="5dp" />
  • 2.java 类实现
        // 1. 从资源中获取 Bitmap
        ImageView mImageView1 = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img_1);
        DrawableUtils.UseBitmap(this, mImageView1, R.drawable.gril);
  • 3.DrawableUtils 类方法实现

    // 1. 从资源中获取 Bitmap
    public static void UseBitmap(Context context, ImageView imageView, int drawableId) {Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),
                drawableId);
        imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);

    }
    1. 实现效果如下:

五、ImageView 图片倒影实现

    1. xml 使用ImageView 控件
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/img_4"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="200dp"
        android:background="@color/grey"
        android:padding="5dp" />
    1. java 代码 实现效果
        // 4. 倒影图片
        ImageView mImageView4 = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img_4);
        mImageView4.setImageBitmap(DrawableUtils.CreateReflectionImageWithOrigin(DrawableUtils.DrawableToBitmap(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.img1))));
    1. DrawableUtils 工具类的方法实现
    // 5. Drawable----> Bitmap
    public static Bitmap DrawableToBitmap(Drawable drawable) {

        // 获取 drawable 长宽
        int width = drawable.getIntrinsicWidth();
        int heigh = drawable.getIntrinsicHeight();

        drawable.setBounds(0, 0, width, heigh);

        // 获取 drawable 的颜色格式
        Bitmap.Config config = drawable.getOpacity() != PixelFormat.OPAQUE ? Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888
                : Bitmap.Config.RGB_565;
        // 创建 bitmap
        Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, heigh, config);
        // 创建 bitmap 画布
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
        // 将 drawable 内容画到画布中
        drawable.draw(canvas);
        return bitmap;
    }
    1. 实现效果如下:

六、ImageView 图片缩放实现

    1. xml 使用ImageView 控件
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/img_2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:padding="5dp" />
    1. java 代码 实现效果
        // 2. 图片缩放
        ImageView mImageView2 = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img_2);
        mImageView2.setImageDrawable(DrawableUtils.ZoomDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.img1),
                240, 200));
    1. DrawableUtils 工具类方法实现
    // 9. drawable 进行缩放 ---> bitmap 然后比对 bitmap 进行缩放
    public static Drawable ZoomDrawable(Drawable drawable, int w, int h) {int width = drawable.getIntrinsicWidth();
        int height = drawable.getIntrinsicHeight();
        // 调用 5 中 drawable 转换成 bitmap
        Bitmap oldbmp = DrawableToBitmap(drawable);

        // 创建操作图片用的 Matrix 对象
        Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
        // 计算缩放比例
        float sx = ((float) w / width);
        float sy = ((float) h / height);
        // 设置缩放比例
        matrix.postScale(sx, sy);
        // 建立新的 bitmap,其内容是对原 bitmap 的缩放后的图
        Bitmap newbmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(oldbmp, 0, 0, width, height,
                matrix, true);
        return new BitmapDrawable(newbmp);
    }
    1. 实现效果如下:

七、ImageView 圆角图片 实现

    1. xml 使用ImageView 控件
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/img_3"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="150dp"
        android:background="@color/grey"
        android:padding="5dp" />
  • 2. java 代码 实现效果
        // 3. 圆角图片
        ImageView mImageView3 = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img_3);
        mImageView3.setImageBitmap(DrawableUtils.SetRoundCornerBitmap(DrawableUtils.DrawableToBitmap(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.img1)), 60));
    1. DrawableUtils 工具类方法实现
    // 6. 圆角图片
    public static Bitmap SetRoundCornerBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, float roundPx) {int width = bitmap.getWidth();
        int heigh = bitmap.getHeight();
        // 创建输出 bitmap 对象
        Bitmap outmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, heigh,
                Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(outmap);
        final int color = 0xff424242;
        final Paint paint = new Paint();
        final Rect rect = new Rect(0, 0, width, heigh);
        final RectF rectf = new RectF(rect);
        paint.setAntiAlias(true);
        canvas.drawARGB(0, 0, 0, 0);
        paint.setColor(color);
        canvas.drawRoundRect(rectf, roundPx, roundPx, paint);
        paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_IN));
        canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, rect, rect, paint);

        return outmap;
    }
    1. 实现效果如下:

八、Bitmap Drawable 转换工具类

Bitmap Drawable 转换常用工具类源代码如下:

package com.programandroid.Utils;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;

import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.LinearGradient;
import android.graphics.Matrix;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.PixelFormat;
import android.graphics.PorterDuff;
import android.graphics.PorterDuffXfermode;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.graphics.RectF;
import android.graphics.Shader;
import android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.widget.ImageView;

/*
 * DrawableUtils.java
 *
 *  Created on: 2017-10-24
 *      Author: wangjie
 * 
 *  Welcome attention to weixin public number get more info
 *
 *  WeiXin Public Number : ProgramAndroid
 *  微信公众号:程序员 Android
 *
 */
public class DrawableUtils {

    // 1. 从资源中获取 Bitmap
    public static void UseBitmap(Context context, ImageView imageView, int drawableId) {Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),
                drawableId);
        imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);

    }

    // 2.Bitmap ---> byte[]
    public byte[] BitmapToBytes(Bitmap bitmap) {ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, baos);
        return baos.toByteArray();}

    // 3.byte[] ---->bitmap
    public Bitmap BytesToBitmap(byte[] b) {if (b.length != 0) {return BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(b, 0, b.length);
        } else {return null;}
    }

    // 4.Bitmap 缩放方法
    public static Bitmap ZoomBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, int width, int heigh) {int w = bitmap.getWidth();
        int h = bitmap.getHeight();
        Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
        float scalewidth = (float) width / w;
        float scaleheigh = (float) heigh / h;
        matrix.postScale(scalewidth, scaleheigh);
        Bitmap newBmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, w, h, matrix, true);
        return newBmp;

    }

    // 5. Drawable----> Bitmap
    public static Bitmap DrawableToBitmap(Drawable drawable) {

        // 获取 drawable 长宽
        int width = drawable.getIntrinsicWidth();
        int heigh = drawable.getIntrinsicHeight();

        drawable.setBounds(0, 0, width, heigh);

        // 获取 drawable 的颜色格式
        Bitmap.Config config = drawable.getOpacity() != PixelFormat.OPAQUE ? Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888
                : Bitmap.Config.RGB_565;
        // 创建 bitmap
        Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, heigh, config);
        // 创建 bitmap 画布
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
        // 将 drawable 内容画到画布中
        drawable.draw(canvas);
        return bitmap;
    }

    // 6. 圆角图片
    public static Bitmap SetRoundCornerBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, float roundPx) {int width = bitmap.getWidth();
        int heigh = bitmap.getHeight();
        // 创建输出 bitmap 对象
        Bitmap outmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, heigh,
                Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(outmap);
        final int color = 0xff424242;
        final Paint paint = new Paint();
        final Rect rect = new Rect(0, 0, width, heigh);
        final RectF rectf = new RectF(rect);
        paint.setAntiAlias(true);
        canvas.drawARGB(0, 0, 0, 0);
        paint.setColor(color);
        canvas.drawRoundRect(rectf, roundPx, roundPx, paint);
        paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_IN));
        canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, rect, rect, paint);

        return outmap;
    }

    // 7. 获取带倒影的图片
    public static Bitmap CreateReflectionImageWithOrigin(Bitmap bitmap) {

        final int reflectionGapLine = 4;
        int w = bitmap.getWidth();
        int h = bitmap.getHeight();
        Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
        matrix.preScale(1, -1);

        Bitmap reflectionImage = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, h / 2, w,
                h / 2, matrix, false);

        Bitmap bitmapWithReflection = Bitmap.createBitmap(w, (h + h / 2),
                Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmapWithReflection);
        canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, null);
        Paint deafalutPaint = new Paint();
        canvas.drawRect(0, h, w, h + reflectionGapLine, deafalutPaint);

        canvas.drawBitmap(reflectionImage, 0, h + reflectionGapLine, null);

        Paint paint = new Paint();
        LinearGradient shader = new LinearGradient(0, bitmap.getHeight(), 0,
                bitmapWithReflection.getHeight() + reflectionGapLine, 0x70ffffff,
                0x00ffffff, Shader.TileMode.CLAMP);
        paint.setShader(shader);
        // Set the Transfer mode to be porter duff and destination in
        paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.DST_IN));
        // Draw a rectangle using the paint with our linear gradient
        canvas.drawRect(0, h, w, bitmapWithReflection.getHeight()
                + reflectionGapLine, paint);
        return bitmapWithReflection;
    }

    // 8. bitmap ---Drawable
    public static Drawable BitmapToDrawable(Bitmap bitmap, Context context) {BitmapDrawable drawbale = new BitmapDrawable(context.getResources(),
                bitmap);
        return drawbale;
    }

    // 9. drawable 进行缩放 ---> bitmap 然后比对 bitmap 进行缩放
    public static Drawable ZoomDrawable(Drawable drawable, int w, int h) {int width = drawable.getIntrinsicWidth();
        int height = drawable.getIntrinsicHeight();
        // 调用 5 中 drawable 转换成 bitmap
        Bitmap oldbmp = DrawableToBitmap(drawable);

        // 创建操作图片用的 Matrix 对象
        Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
        // 计算缩放比例
        float sx = ((float) w / width);
        float sy = ((float) h / height);
        // 设置缩放比例
        matrix.postScale(sx, sy);
        // 建立新的 bitmap,其内容是对原 bitmap 的缩放后的图
        Bitmap newbmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(oldbmp, 0, 0, width, height,
                matrix, true);
        return new BitmapDrawable(newbmp);
    }

}

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