GoLand 编辑器虽然很强大，但是在展示内存及堆栈信息这一块还是比较的弱，有可能是我的姿势不对，所以，开始切入了 gdb 调试，但是 gdb 踩到了坑，并没有解决，也就引发了 gdb 与 dlv 的对比了
gdb
安装
yum install ncures-devel
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gdb/gdb-8.2.tar.gz
tar zxf gdb-8.2.tar.gz
cd gdb-8.2
make && make install进入调试
go build -gcflags '-N -l' main.go
gdb main使用
-
启动调试程序（
gdb）[lday@alex GoDbg]$ gdb ./GoDbg -
在 main 函数上设置断点（
b）(gdb) b main.main Breakpoint 1 at 0x401000: file /home/lday/Works/Go_Works/GoLocalWorks/src/GoWorks/GoDbg/main.go, line 9. -
带参数启动程序（
r）(gdb) r arg1 arg2 Starting program: /home/lday/Works/Go_Works/GoLocalWorks/src/GoWorks/GoDbg/GoDbg arg1 arg2 [New LWP 8412] [New LWP 8413] [New LWP 8414] [New LWP 8415] Breakpoint 1, main.main () at /home/lday/Works/Go_Works/GoLocalWorks/src/GoWorks/GoDbg/main.go:9 9 func main() { -
在文件 dbgTest.go 上通过行号设置断点（
b）(gdb) b dbgTest.go:16 Breakpoint 3 at 0x457960: file /home/lday/Works/Go_Works/GoLocalWorks/src/GoWorks/GoDbg/mylib/dbgTest.go, line 16. -
查看断点设置情况（
info b）(gdb) info b Num Type Disp Enb Address What 1 breakpoint keep y 0x0000000000401000 in main.main at /home/lday/Works/Go_Works/GoLocalWorks/src/GoWorks/GoDbg/main.go:9 breakpoint already hit 1 time 2 breakpoint keep y 0x0000000000401000 in main.main at /home/lday/Works/Go_Works/GoLocalWorks/src/GoWorks/GoDbg/main.go:9 breakpoint already hit 1 time 3 breakpoint keep y 0x0000000000457960 in GoWorks/GoDbg/mylib.DBGTestRun at /home/lday/Works/Go_Works/GoLocalWorks/src/GoWorks/GoDbg/mylib/dbgTest.go:16 -
禁用断点（
dis n）(gdb) dis 1 (gdb) info b Num Type Disp Enb Address What 1 breakpoint keep n 0x0000000000401000 in main.main at /home/lday/Works/Go_Works/GoLocalWorks/src/GoWorks/GoDbg/main.go:9 breakpoint already hit 1 time 2 breakpoint keep y 0x0000000000401000 in main.main at /home/lday/Works/Go_Works/GoLocalWorks/src/GoWorks/GoDbg/main.go:9 breakpoint already hit 1 time 3 breakpoint keep y 0x0000000000457960 in GoWorks/GoDbg/mylib.DBGTestRun at /home/lday/Works/Go_Works/GoLocalWorks/src/GoWorks/GoDbg/mylib/dbgTest.go:16 -
删除断点（
del n）(gdb) del 1 (gdb) info b Num Type Disp Enb Address What 2 breakpoint keep y 0x0000000000401000 in main.main at /home/lday/Works/Go_Works/GoLocalWorks/src/GoWorks/GoDbg/main.go:9 breakpoint already hit 1 time 3 breakpoint keep y 0x0000000000457960 in GoWorks/GoDbg/mylib.DBGTestRun at /home/lday/Works/Go_Works/GoLocalWorks/src/GoWorks/GoDbg/mylib/dbgTest.go:16 -
断点后继续执行（
c）(gdb) c Continuing. Golang dbg test... argc:3 argv:[/home/lday/Works/Go_Works/GoLocalWorks/src/GoWorks/GoDbg/GoDbg arg1 arg2] Breakpoint 3, GoWorks/GoDbg/mylib.DBGTestRun (var1=1, var2="golang dbg test") at /home/lday/Works/Go_Works/GoLocalWorks/src/GoWorks/GoDbg/mylib/dbgTest.go:16 16 func DBGTestRun(var1 int, var2 string, var3 []int, var4 MyStruct) {(gdb) -
显示代码（
l）(gdb) l 11 B string 12 C map[int]string 13 D []string 14 } 15 16 func DBGTestRun(var1 int, var2 string, var3 []int, var4 MyStruct) {17 fmt.Println("DBGTestRun Begin!\n") 18 waiter := &sync.WaitGroup{} 19 20 waiter.Add(1) -
单步执行（
n）(gdb) n DBGTestRun Begin! 18 waiter := &sync.WaitGroup{} -
打印变量信息（
print/p）
在进入 DBGTestRun 的地方设置断点 (b dbgTest.go:16)，进入该函数后，通过 p 命令显示对应变量：(gdb) l 17 12 C map[int]string 13 D []string 14 } 15 16 func DBGTestRun(var1 int, var2 string, var3 []int, var4 MyStruct) {17 fmt.Println("DBGTestRun Begin!\n") 18 waiter := &sync.WaitGroup{} 19 20 waiter.Add(1) 21 go RunFunc1(var1, waiter) (gdb) p var1 $3 = 1 (gdb) p var2 $4 = "golang dbg test" (gdb) p var3 No symbol "var3" in current context.从上面的输出我们可以看到一个很奇怪的事情，虽然 DBGTestRun 有 4 个参数传入，但是，似乎 var3 和 var4 gdb 无法识别，在后续对 dlv 的实验操作中，我们发现，dlv 能够识别 var3，var4.
-
查看调用栈（
bt），切换调用栈（f n），显示当前栈变量信息(gdb) bt #0 GoWorks/GoDbg/mylib.DBGTestRun (var1=1, var2="golang dbg test") at /home/lday/Works/Go_Works/GoLocalWorks/src/GoWorks/GoDbg/mylib/dbgTest.go:17 #1 0x00000000004018c2 in main.main () at /home/lday/Works/Go_Works/GoLocalWorks/src/GoWorks/GoDbg/main.go:27 (gdb) f 1 #1 0x00000000004018c2 in main.main () at /home/lday/Works/Go_Works/GoLocalWorks/src/GoWorks/GoDbg/main.go:27 27 mylib.DBGTestRun(var1, var2, var3, var4) (gdb) l 22 var4.A = 1 23 var4.B = "golang dbg my struct field B" 24 var4.C = map[int]string{1: "value1", 2: "value2", 3: "value3"} 25 var4.D = []string{"D1", "D2", "D3"} 26 27 mylib.DBGTestRun(var1, var2, var3, var4) 28 fmt.Println("Golang dbg test over") 29 } (gdb) print var1 $5 = 1 (gdb) print var2 $6 = "golang dbg test" (gdb) print var3 $7 = []int = {1, 2, 3} (gdb) print var4 $8 = {A = 1, B = "golang dbg my struct field B", C = map[int]string = {[1] = "value1", [2] = "value2", [3] = "value3"}, D = []string = {"D1", "D2", "D3"}}
dlv(推荐)
安装
go get -u github.com/go-delve/delve/cmd/dlv进入调试
dlv debug main.go使用
args ------------------------ Print function arguments.
break (alias: b) ------------ Sets a breakpoint.
breakpoints (alias: bp) ----- Print out info for active breakpoints.
call ------------------------ Resumes process, injecting a function call (EXPERIMENTAL!!!)
clear ----------------------- Deletes breakpoint.
clearall -------------------- Deletes multiple breakpoints.
condition (alias: cond) ----- Set breakpoint condition.
config ---------------------- Changes configuration parameters.
continue (alias: c) --------- Run until breakpoint or program termination.
deferred -------------------- Executes command in the context of a deferred call.
disassemble (alias: disass) - Disassembler.
down ------------------------ Move the current frame down.
edit (alias: ed) ------------ Open where you are in $DELVE_EDITOR or $EDITOR
exit (alias: quit | q) ------ Exit the debugger.
frame ----------------------- Set the current frame, or execute command on a different frame.
funcs ----------------------- Print list of functions.
goroutine ------------------- Shows or changes current goroutine
goroutines ------------------ List program goroutines.
help (alias: h) ------------- Prints the help message.
libraries ------------------- List loaded dynamic libraries
list (alias: ls | l) -------- Show source code.
locals ---------------------- Print local variables.
next (alias: n) ------------- Step over to next source line.
on -------------------------- Executes a command when a breakpoint is hit.
print (alias: p) ------------ Evaluate an expression.
regs ------------------------ Print contents of CPU registers.
restart (alias: r) ---------- Restart process.
set ------------------------- Changes the value of a variable.
source ---------------------- Executes a file containing a list of delve commands
sources --------------------- Print list of source files.
stack (alias: bt) ----------- Print stack trace.
step (alias: s) ------------- Single step through program.
step-instruction (alias: si) Single step a single cpu instruction.
stepout --------------------- Step out of the current function.
thread (alias: tr) ---------- Switch to the specified thread.
threads --------------------- Print out info for every traced thread.
trace (alias: t) ------------ Set tracepoint.
types ----------------------- Print list of types
up -------------------------- Move the current frame up.
vars ------------------------ Print package variables.
whatis ---------------------- Prints type of an expression.总结
- dlv 对 goroutine 的支持更好，我使用 gdb 的没有找到 goroutine 的调试方法，可能姿势不对
-
gdb 对于局部引用变量无法调试，dlv 不会
func main() { i := 10 j := &i }如上代码，gdb 使用
p j打印变量 j 的时候报错，dlv 却可以 - dlv 无法调试 interface 等 Go 内部实现的一些结构，gdb 是可以的
参考
《Golang 程序调试工具介绍 (gdb vs dlv)》