上篇我们介绍了 Flutter 模块集成到已有的项目工程,接下来我们看看 Native 跟 Flutter 间的交互问题。
交互通信
Flutter 与原生之间的通信依赖灵活的消息传递方式:
1,Flutter 部分通过平台通道将消息发送到其应用程序的所在的宿主环境(原生应用)。
2,宿主环境通过监听平台通道,接收消息。然后它会调用平台的 API,响应 Flutter 发送的消息。
Flutter 主动 调用 宿主环境
在 Flutter 中通过 MethodChannel 的 API 可以发送与方法相对于的消息,宿主环境 iOS 中通过 FlutterMethodChannel 接受方法的调用并返回结果。
Flutter 需要引入 services.dart
模块才可以使用 MethodChannel
import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
Flutter 中的调用代码
const methodChannel = const MethodChannel("com.pages.flutter/call_native");
RaisedButton(child: Text("call_native_method_no_params"),
onPressed: (){methodChannel.invokeMethod("call_native_method_no_params",null);
},
),
RaisedButton(child: Text("call_native_method_params"),
onPressed: (){Map<String,String> params = {"params":"flutter params"};
methodChannel.invokeMethod("call_native_method_params",params);
},
),
RaisedButton(child: Text("call_native_method_native_result_callback"),
onPressed: (){_nativeCallbackWithParams();
},
),
Text(_content,style: TextStyle(color: Colors.red),)
Future<Null> _nativeCallbackWithParams() async{
dynamic result;
try {
result = await methodChannel.invokeMethod("call_native_method_native_result_callback", null);
} on PlatformException catch (e) {result = "Failed to get params:'${e.message}'.";
}
setState(() {_content = result;});
}
iOS 中的调用代码
FlutterViewController* flutterViewController = [[FlutterViewController alloc] init];
flutterViewController.fd_prefersNavigationBarHidden = YES;
FlutterMethodChannel * messageChannel = [FlutterMethodChannel methodChannelWithName:@"com.pages.flutter/call_native" binaryMessenger:flutterViewController];
[messageChannel setMethodCallHandler:^(FlutterMethodCall * _Nonnull call, FlutterResult _Nonnull result) {NSLog(@"flutter call native:\n method=%@ \n arguments = %@",call.method,call.arguments);
if ([call.method isEqualToString:@"call_native_method_native_result_callback"]) {if (result) {result(@"flutter hello");
}
}else if([call.method isEqualToString:@"call_native_method_pop_flutter_nav"]){[weakSelf.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}
}];
[self.navigationController pushViewController:flutterViewController animated:YES];
分别看下控制台输出:
flutter call native:method=call_native_method_no_params
arguments = (null)
flutter call native:method=call_native_method_params
arguments = {params = "flutter params";}
第三个事件会在 Flutter 页面显示 flutter hello 该值由宿主环境返回。
注意: 这里有个设计上的细节,上节提到过就是导航栏的问题,因为宿主环境有个导航栏,而 Flutter 自身也有导航栏,出现了矛盾,到底我们应该保留宿主环境的,还是 Flutter 页面使用自身,隐藏宿主环境的导航栏。我个人觉得后则更合理,Flutter 页面更了解自己导航栏具体功能、主题、交互及显示,我们只需要处理点击返回按钮 pop 回到宿主环境中,如下:
appBar: AppBar(title: Text('Flutter Page') ,
leading: IconButton(icon: Icon(Icons.arrow_back_ios), onPressed:()=>methodChannel.invokeMethod("call_native_method_pop_flutter_nav",null)),
),
我们只需要在宿主环境中监听到该事件后调用导航的 pop 功能。
宿主环境主动调用 Flutter
一般可以用作宿主环境为 Flutter 提供参数
EventChannel 是 Flutter 监听宿主环境的 API,FlutterEventChannel 是 iOS 宿主环境与 Flutter 交互平台通道的 API。
Flutter 代码片段
const EventChannel eventChannel = const EventChannel('com.pages.flutter/call_flutter');
@override
void initState(){super.initState();
eventChannel.receiveBroadcastStream(12345).listen(_onEvent,onError: _onError);
}
void _onEvent(Object event){setState(() {_content = event.toString();
});
}
void _onError(Object error){setState(() {_content = error.toString();
});
}
iOS 宿主环境代码片段
NSString *eventChannelName = @"com.pages.flutter/call_flutter";
FlutterEventChannel *eventChannel = [FlutterEventChannel eventChannelWithName:eventChannelName binaryMessenger:flutterViewController];
[eventChannel setStreamHandler:self];
- (FlutterError *)onListenWithArguments:(id)arguments eventSink:(FlutterEventSink)events {if (events) {events(@"hi flutter");
}
return nil;
}
- (FlutterError* _Nullable)onCancelWithArguments:(id _Nullable)arguments {return nil;}
两端交互通信方式就是这样的,这里也只是介绍了他们通信的方式,具体如何优雅的封装、规范交互流程还需要我们自己去考虑下。