上篇和大家学习了 spring cloud 如何整合 reids,在测试时借用了 web 形式的 restful 接口进行的。那还有没有别的方式可以对 spring boot 和 spring cloud 编写的代码进行单元测试呢?答案:肯定是有的。这篇讲解一下如何使用 spring-boot-starter-test 进行单元测试
1、新建项目 sc-test,对应的 pom.xml 文件如下
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>spring-cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>sc-test</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>sc-test</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Finchley.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency> -->
</dependencies>
</project>
说明:只要使用 spring-boot-starter-test 即可,该 jar 已经包含 spring-boot-test
2、新建 spring boot 启动类
package sc.test;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class TestApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(TestApplication.class, args);
}
}
备注:如果没有该类,spring-test 启动将报错,见下图
3、新建操作 redis 的配置类
package sc.test.config;
import java.io.Serializable;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigureAfter;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.lettuce.LettuceConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
@Configuration
@AutoConfigureAfter(RedisAutoConfiguration.class)
public class RedisCacheAutoConfiguration {
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<String, Serializable> redisCacheTemplate(LettuceConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {RedisTemplate<String, Serializable> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
// 键的序列化方式
template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
// 值的序列化方式
template.setValueSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
return template;
}
}
4、新建配置文件 application.yml
server:
port: 9005
spring:
application:
name: sc-redis
redis:
host: 127.0.0.1
password:
port: 6379
timeout: 10000 # 连接超时时间(毫秒)database: 0 # Redis 默认情况下有 16 个分片,这里配置具体使用的分片,默认是 0
lettuce:
pool:
max-active: 8 # 连接池最大连接数(使用负值表示没有限制)默认 8
max-wait: -1 # 连接池最大阻塞等待时间(使用负值表示没有限制)默认 -1
max-idle: 8 # 连接池中的最大空闲连接 默认 8
min-idle: 0 # 连接池中的最小空闲连接 默认 0
5、新建测试类 TestRedis.java
package sc.test.unit;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.stream.IntStream;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import sc.test.model.User;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class TestRedis {private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestRedis.class);
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate<String, Serializable> redisCacheTemplate;
@Test
public void get() {
// 测试线程安全
// ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1000);
// IntStream.range(0, 1000).forEach(i ->
// executorService.execute(() -> stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().increment("kk", 1))
// );
stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("key", "{'name':'huangjinjin','age':30}");
final String value = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("key");
log.info("[字符缓存结果] - [{}]", value);
String key = "manage:user:1";
User u = new User();
u.setId(1L);
u.setAge(30);
u.setPosition("cto");
u.setUserName("good boy");
redisCacheTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, u);
// 从缓存获取 User 对象
final User user = (User) redisCacheTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
log.info("[对象缓存结果] - userName={}, age={}, position={}", //
user.getUserName(), user.getAge(), user.getPosition());
}
}
6、进行测试
(1)reids server 没有启动时,运行 TestRedis.java(右键选择 Junit Test)
连接不上 Reids server 异常
(2)reids server 启动后时,运行 TestRedis.java,出现绿条说明执行代码成功
日志中打印相关数据,说明数据也存贮到 redis server 中
7、使用 redis-cli 验证数据是否正在存档 redis server 中
有了 spring-boot-starter-test,就可以不使用 restful 接口对 spring boot 写的接口进行单元测试了。不但可以测试 redis,也可以测试数据库的增删查改。可以使用 spring 中的各种注解,注入对象。